咱們在平常開發中常常遇到佈局問題,下面羅列幾種經常使用的css佈局方案 話很少說,上代碼!css
居中佈局
如下居中佈局均以不定寬爲前提,定寬狀況包含其中html
一、水平居中
a) inline-block + text-align
.parent{ text-align: center; } .child{ display: inline-block; } 複製代碼
tips:此方案兼容性較好,可兼容至IE8,對於IE567並不支持inline-block,須要使用css hack進行兼容前端
b) table + margin
.child{ display: table; margin: 0 auto; } 複製代碼
tips:此方案兼容至IE8,可使用<table/>
代替css寫法,兼容性良好css3
c) absolute + transform
.parent{ position: relative; height:1.5em; } .child{ position: absolute; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); } 複製代碼
tips:此方案兼容至IE9,由於transform兼容性限制,若是.child
爲定寬元素,可使用如下寫法,兼容性極佳git
.parent{ position: relative; height:1.5em; } .child{ position: absolute; width:100px; left: 50%; margin-left:-50px; } 複製代碼
d) flex + justify-content
.parent{ display: flex; justify-content: center; } .child{ margin: 0 auto; } 複製代碼
tips:flex是一個強大的css,生而爲佈局,它能夠輕鬆的知足各類居中、對其、平分的佈局要求,但因爲現瀏覽器兼容性問題,此方案不多被使用,可是值得期待瀏覽器兼容性良好但那一天!github
二、垂直
a) table-cell + vertial-align
.parent{ display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; } 複製代碼
tips:可替換成<table />
佈局,兼容性良好web
b) absolute + transform
.parent{ position: relative; } .child{ position: absolute; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); } 複製代碼
tips:存在css3兼容問題,定寬兼容性良好瀏覽器
c) flex + align-items
.parent{ display: flex; align-items: center; } 複製代碼
tips:高版本瀏覽器兼容,低版本不適用bash
三、水平垂直
a) inline-block + table-cell + text-align + vertical-alignapp
.parent{ text-align: center; display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; } .child{ display: inline-block; } 複製代碼
tips:兼容至IE8 b) absolute + transform
.parent{ position: relative; } .child{ position: absolute; left: 50%; top: 50%; transform: translate(-50%,-50%); } 複製代碼
tips:兼容性稍差,兼容IE10以上 c) flex
.parent{ display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; } 複製代碼
tips:兼容差
多列布局
一、一列定寬,一列自適應
a) float + margin
.left{ float: left; width: 100px; } .right{ margin-left: 120px; } 複製代碼
tips:此方案對於定寬佈局比較好,不定寬佈局推薦方法b b) float + overflow
.left{ float: left; width: 100px; margin-right: 20px; } .right{ overflow: hidden; } 複製代碼
tips:我的經常使用寫法,此方案無論是多列定寬或是不定寬,均可以完美實現,同時能夠實現登高佈局 c) table
.parent{ display: table; width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; } .left,.right{ display: table-cell; } .left{ width: 100px; padding-right: 20px; } 複製代碼
d) flex
.parent{ display: flex; } .left{ width: 100px; padding-right: 20px; } .right{ flex: 1; } 複製代碼
二、多列定寬,一列自適應
a) float + overflow
.left,.center{ float: left; width: 100px; margin-right: 20px; } .right{ overflow: hidden; } 複製代碼
b) table
.parent{ display: table; width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; } .left,.center,.right{ display: table-cell; } .right{ width: 100px; padding-right: 20px; } 複製代碼
c) flex
.parent{ display: flex; } .left,.center{ width: 100px; padding-right: 20px; } .right{ flex: 1; } 複製代碼
三、一列不定寬,一列自適應
a) float + overflow
.left{ float: left; margin-right: 20px; } .right{ overflow: hidden; } .left p{width: 200px;} 複製代碼
b) table
.parent{ display: table; width: 100%; } .left,.right{ display: table-cell; } .left{ width: 0.1%; padding-right: 20px; } .left p{width:200px;} 複製代碼
c) flex
.parent{ display: flex; } .left{ margin-right: 20px; } .right{ flex: 1; } .left p{width: 200px;} 複製代碼
四、多列不定寬,一列自適應
a) float + overflow
.left,.center{ float: left; margin-right: 20px; } .right{ overflow: hidden; } .left p,.center p{ width: 100px; } 複製代碼
五、等分
a) float + margin
.parent{ margin-left: -20px; } .column{ float: left; width: 25%; padding-left: 20px; box-sizing: border-box; } 複製代碼
b) table + margin
.parent-fix{ margin-left: -20px; } .parent{ display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed; } .column{ display: table-cell; padding-left: 20px; } 複製代碼
c) flex
.parent{ display: flex; } .column{ flex: 1; } .column+.column{ margin-left:20px; } 複製代碼
六、等高
a) float + overflow
.parent{ overflow: hidden; } .left,.right{ padding-bottom: 9999px; margin-bottom: -9999px; } .left{ float: left; width: 100px; } .right{ overflow: hidden; } 複製代碼
b) table
.parent{ display: table; width: 100%; } .left{ display:table-cell; width: 100px; margin-right: 20px; } .right{ display:table-cell; } 複製代碼
c) flex
.parent{ display:flex; width: 100%; } .left{ width: 100px; } .right{ flex:1; } 複製代碼
並排等分,單排對齊靠左佈局
效果圖
flex
.main { display: flex; flex-flow: row wrap; justify-content: space-between; } .item { display: inline-block; } .empty{ height: 0; visibility: hidden; } 複製代碼
具體詳解請見下文 github.com/zwwill/blog…
聖盃佈局&雙飛翼佈局
此處僅爲代碼展現,差異講解請移駕下文 【方案】聖盃佈局&雙飛翼佈局
聖盃佈局
【demo】codepen.io/zwwill/pen/…
<div class="container"> <div class="header">header</div> <div class="wrapper clearfix"> <div class="main col">main</div> <div class="left col">left</div> <div class="right col">right</div> </div> <div class="footer">footer</div> </div> 複製代碼
.container {width: 500px; margin: 50px auto;} .wrapper {padding: 0 100px 0 100px;} .col {position: relative; float: left;} .header,.footer {height: 50px;} .main {width: 100%;height: 200px;} .left {width: 100px; height: 200px; margin-left: -100%;left: -100px;} .right {width: 100px; height: 200px; margin-left: -100px; right: -100px;} .clearfix::after {content: ""; display: block; clear: both; visibility: hidden; height: 0; overflow: hidden;} 複製代碼
雙飛翼佈局
ps: 「這不是同樣的圖嘛?」 「對!就是同樣的,由於是解決同一種問題的嘛。」
【demo】codepen.io/zwwill/pen/…
<div class="container"> <div class="header">header</div> <div class="wrapper clearfix"> <div class="main col"> <div class="main-wrap">main</div> </div> <div class="left col">left</div> <div class="right col">right</div> </div> <div class="footer">footer</div> </div> 複製代碼
.col {float: left;} .header {height: 50px;} .main {width: 100%;} .main-wrap {margin: 0 100px 0 100px;height: 200px;} .left {width: 100px; height: 200px; margin-left: -100%;} .right {width: 100px; height: 200px; margin-left: -100px;} .footer {height: 50px;} .clearfix::after {content: ""; display: block; clear: both; visibility: hidden; height: 0; overflow: hidden;} 複製代碼
定位佈局
簡單的絕對定位便可解決問題,爲啥還要搞什麼聖盃和雙飛翼?緣由
<div class="header">header</div> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="main col"> main </div> <div class="left col"> left </div> <div class="right col"> right </div> </div> <div class="footer">footer</div> 複製代碼
.wrapper { position: relative; } .main { margin:0 100px;} .left { position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0;} .right { position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0;}