RabbitMQ高級特性-消費端的ack和重回隊列

消費端的手工ack和nack

什麼是ack和nack

ack表示告知RabbitMQ已經成功消費消息

nack表示告知RabbitMQ消費端處理消息失敗

手工ack和nack使用場景

1. 消費端進行消費的時候，因爲業務異常，咱們能夠進行日誌記錄，後續作補償操做。
2. 消費端因爲服務器宕機等嚴重問題，好比消息消費一半時宕機，RabbitMQ既收不到ack也收不到nack，此時消費端採用手工ack，等消費端服務重啓好後，RabbitMQ回重發此未能消費成功的消息，保障消息消費成功

消費端的重回隊列

消費端重回隊列是爲了對沒有處理成功的消息，把消息從新遞給Broker

通常咱們在實際應用中，都會關閉重回隊列

代碼實現

Producer

package com.wyg.rabbitmq.javaclient.consumer_ack;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

/**
 * 消費者手工ack和nack
 * 
 * @author wyg0405@gmail.com
 * @date 2019-11-22 13:25
 * @since JDK1.8
 * @version V1.0
 */

public class Producer {
    private static final String HOST = "localhost";
    private static final int PORT = 5672;
    private static final String USERNAME = "guset";
    private static final String PASSWORD = "guset";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost(HOST);
        factory.setVirtualHost("/");
        factory.setPort(PORT);
        factory.setUsername(USERNAME);
        factory.setPassword(PASSWORD);
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();

        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        String exchangeName = "test_ack_exchange";
        String routingKey = "ack.abc";
        // 申明exchange
        channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, "topic");
        for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
            Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
            map.put("num", i);
            AMQP.BasicProperties props =
                new AMQP.BasicProperties.Builder().deliveryMode(2).contentEncoding("UTF-8").headers(map).build();

            String msg = "這是第" + i + "條ack消息";
            channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, routingKey, false, props, msg.getBytes("UTF-8"));
        }

        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }

}

Consumer

package com.wyg.rabbitmq.javaclient.consumer_ack;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

/**
 * 消費者手工ack和nack
 * 
 * @author wyg0405@gmail.com
 * @date 2019-11-22 14:07
 * @since JDK1.8
 * @version V1.0
 */

public class Consumer {

    private static final String HOST = "localhost";
    private static final int PORT = 5672;
    private static final String USERNAME = "guset";
    private static final String PASSWORD = "guset";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost(HOST);
        factory.setVirtualHost("/");
        factory.setPort(PORT);
        factory.setUsername(USERNAME);
        factory.setPassword(PASSWORD);
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();

        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        String queueName = "test_ack_queue";
        String exchangeName = "test_ack_exchange";
        String routingKey = "ack.#";

        // 申明exchange
        channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, "topic");
        // 申明隊列
        channel.queueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, null);
        // 隊列綁定到exchange
        channel.queueBind(queueName, exchangeName, routingKey, null);

        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = new DeliverCallback() {
            @Override
            public void handle(String consumerTag, Delivery message) throws IOException {

                // consumer手動 ack 給broker
                int num = (int)message.getProperties().getHeaders().get("num");
                // 根據headers裏的num作判斷，num<3,發ack給broker，並將消息從新入隊
                if (num < 3) {
                    System.out.println("---消費端nack---DeliveryTag:" + message.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag() + ","
                        + new String(message.getBody(), "UTF-8"));
                    channel.basicAck(message.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
                } else {
                    // 根據headers裏的num作判斷，num>=3,發nack給broker，並將消息從新入隊
                    System.out.println("---消費端nack---DeliveryTag:" + message.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag() + ","
                        + new String(message.getBody(), "UTF-8"));
                    channel.basicNack(message.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false, true);

                }

            }
        };
        CancelCallback cancelCallback = new CancelCallback() {
            @Override
            public void handle(String consumerTag) throws IOException {
                System.out.println("---消費者--：cancelCallback");
            }
        };

        // 消費消息,autoAck必定要設爲false，手工ack
        channel.basicConsume(queueName, false, deliverCallback, cancelCallback);
    }
}

運行結果

發現前3條消息成功消費，手工發ack給Broker

最後3條消息，發nack給Broker，並不斷重回隊列尾端，broker再將其推給消費端，一直循環消費失敗