docker基本命令

centos 環境下安裝docker 

官網：https://www.docker.com

[sudo] yum update
[sudo] yum install docker

docker run -d -i -t <imageID> /bin/bash     啓動centos7

docker attach <ContainerID>                   進入容器

docker 啓動/中止

dockerSer.sh

echo 'start or stop'
read cmd
service docker $cmd

 

查看docker信息

[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker info
Containers: 0
 Running: 0
 Paused: 0
 Stopped: 0
Images: 0
Server Version: 1.12.6
Storage Driver: devicemapper
 Pool Name: docker-253:0-34475014-pool
 Pool Blocksize: 65.54 kB
 Base Device Size: 10.74 GB
 Backing Filesystem: xfs
 Data file: /dev/loop0
 Metadata file: /dev/loop1
 Data Space Used: 11.8 MB
 Data Space Total: 107.4 GB
 Data Space Available: 12.35 GB
 Metadata Space Used: 581.6 kB
 Metadata Space Total: 2.147 GB
 Metadata Space Available: 2.147 GB
 Thin Pool Minimum Free Space: 10.74 GB
 Udev Sync Supported: true
 Deferred Removal Enabled: true
 Deferred Deletion Enabled: true
 Deferred Deleted Device Count: 0
 Data loop file: /var/lib/docker/devicemapper/devicemapper/data
 WARNING: Usage of loopback devices is strongly discouraged for production use. Use `--storage-opt dm.thinpooldev` to specify a custom block storage device.
 Metadata loop file: /var/lib/docker/devicemapper/devicemapper/metadata
 Library Version: 1.02.140-RHEL7 (2017-05-03)
Logging Driver: journald
Cgroup Driver: systemd
Plugins:
 Volume: local
 Network: overlay null bridge host
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: docker-runc runc
Default Runtime: docker-runc
Security Options: seccomp selinux
Kernel Version: 3.10.0-693.11.6.el7.x86_64
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
Number of Docker Hooks: 3
CPUs: 4
Total Memory: 984 MiB
Name: localhost
ID: DGMG:ZB6K:6WXP:XL3L:4EW6:FOES:5U3S:3WFP:HTH3:G6YU:QGER:36ND
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
Debug Mode (client): false
Debug Mode (server): false
Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
Insecure Registries:
 127.0.0.0/8
Registries: docker.io (secure)

 

鏡像下載和查看

[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker images  //查看已下載鏡像
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
docker.io/ubuntu    latest              2a4cca5ac898        6 days ago          111.5 MB
[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker pull redis //下載redis鏡像
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/redis ... 
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/redis
c4bb02b17bb4: Pull complete 
58638acf67c5: Pull complete 
f98d108cc38b: Pull complete 
83be14fccb07: Pull complete 
5d5f41793421: Pull complete 
ed89ff0d9eb2: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:0e773022cd6572a5153e5013afced0f7191652d3cdf9b1c6785eb13f6b2974b1
[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker images

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
docker.io/ubuntu    latest              2a4cca5ac898        6 days ago          111.5 MB
docker.io/redis     latest              1e70071f4af4        5 weeks ago         106.7 MB

 

運行鏡像-->容器

[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
docker.io/ubuntu    latest              2a4cca5ac898        6 days ago          111.5 MB
docker.io/redis     latest              1e70071f4af4        5 weeks ago         106.7 MB
[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker run docker.io/redis //此時redis已經啓動了 1:C 22 Jan 08:46:17.090 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
1:C 22 Jan 08:46:17.091 # Redis version=4.0.6, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=1, just started
1:C 22 Jan 08:46:17.091 # Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use redis-server /path/to/redis.conf
1:M 22 Jan 08:46:17.095 * Running mode=standalone, port=6379.
1:M 22 Jan 08:46:17.096 # WARNING: The TCP backlog setting of 511 cannot be enforced because /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn is set to the lower value of 128.
1:M 22 Jan 08:46:17.096 # Server initialized
1:M 22 Jan 08:46:17.096 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect.
1:M 22 Jan 08:46:17.099 # WARNING you have Transparent Huge Pages (THP) support enabled in your kernel. This will create latency and memory usage issues with Redis. To fix this issue run the command 'echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled' as root, and add it to your /etc/rc.local in order to retain the setting after a reboot. Redis must be restarted after THP is disabled.
1:M 22 Jan 08:46:17.099 * Ready to accept connections

 

查看運行的容器進程

[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker ps  //查看運行中的
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
462a2c9aba6a        docker.io/redis     "docker-entrypoint.sh"   2 minutes ago       Up 2 minutes        6379/tcp            romantic_booth
[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker ps -a  //查看運行和中止的，即全部的
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES
462a2c9aba6a        docker.io/redis     "docker-entrypoint.sh"   2 minutes ago       Up 2 minutes                6379/tcp            romantic_booth
501897fca8d5        ubuntu              "echo hello"             42 minutes ago      Exited (0) 42 minutes ago                       fervent_fermat

 

中止容器

[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker stop 462a2c9aba6a //這個id是CONTAINER ID,即容器id，注意不是鏡像id（IMAGE ID）
462a2c9aba6a
[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker ps  //運行的沒有了
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker ps -a //有兩個中止的容器
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES
462a2c9aba6a        docker.io/redis     "docker-entrypoint.sh"   5 minutes ago       Exited (0) 12 seconds ago                       romantic_booth
501897fca8d5        ubuntu              "echo hello"             45 minutes ago      Exited (0) 45 minutes ago                       fervent_fermat

 

登陸容器

[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
462a2c9aba6a        docker.io/redis     "docker-entrypoint.sh"   4 hours ago         Up 11 seconds       6379/tcp            romantic_booth
[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker exec -it 462a2c9aba6a bash  //登錄容器
root@462a2c9aba6a:/data# ls
dump.rdb
root@462a2c9aba6a:/data# redis-cli -p 6379  //登錄redis(必須先登陸容器，容器其實就是一個linux系統)                                                                                                                                              
127.0.0.1:6379> keys * //正常操做redis
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379> quit //退出redis
root@462a2c9aba6a:/opt# exit  //退出容器
exit

 

刪除容器

[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES
462a2c9aba6a        docker.io/redis     "docker-entrypoint.sh"   5 minutes ago       Exited (0) 12 seconds ago                       romantic_booth
501897fca8d5        ubuntu              "echo hello"             45 minutes ago      Exited (0) 45 minutes ago                       fervent_fermat

[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker rm 501897fca8d5 //注意是容器ID,不是鏡像ID。刪除ubuntu容器，等於卸載它，但鏡像還在，能夠下次再運行鏡像爲容器
501897fca8d5

[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker ps -a  //還剩一個
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                     PORTS               NAMES
462a2c9aba6a        docker.io/redis     "docker-entrypoint.sh"   11 minutes ago      Exited (0) 6 minutes ago                       romantic_booth

 

刪除下載的鏡像

docker rmi 2a4cca5ac898 //注意：這裏是鏡像ID

 

保存容器爲鏡像

把配置好的容器保存爲一個新的鏡像文件
docker commit -m ‘xxx’ 容器ID  新名字
docker commit -m ‘fun’ e23acsasd4323  nginx-fun

 

Dockerfile 儘量少RUN，合併RUN操做

centos7+jdk8+gradle+maven+docker-ce+git 鏡像 ，在run.sh中git clone 代碼，而後gradle build，而後java -jar啓動，
這樣鏡像不用更新，每次啓動容器都會拉代碼打包運行。

gitlab-ci中，能夠配置遠程登陸到啓動的容器中，而後git pull 代碼，而後gradle build，而後java -jar啓動，這樣原先環境的數據還在，只是重啓了一下服務。
如何遠程登陸到docker容器 https://www.jianshu.com/p/c4d4ee6f3663

 

source /etc/profile
echo "evn: centos7"
java -version  # jdk8
git --version  # git version 1.8.3.1
mvn -v         # Apache Maven 3.1.1
gradle -v      # gradle 4.10.3
echo hosts >> /etc/hosts
echo /etc/hosts
#git clone xxx

#java -jar xxx.jar