Linux 基礎篇 --- 添加新的虛擬硬盤

第五篇添加新的虛擬硬盤

1.VirtualBox添加虛擬機硬盤

關機虛擬機的狀態下進行： Storage --- > Controller:SATA （點擊添加虛擬硬盤） --->

2.Linux格式化硬盤

#查看虛擬機添加的硬盤
[root@oracledb1 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0009dfcd

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     1026047      512000   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         1026048    16777215     7875584   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/rhel-swap: 859 MB, 859832320 bytes, 1679360 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/rhel-root: 7159 MB, 7159676928 bytes, 13983744 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

#建立硬盤
[root@oracledb1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb 
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xff5e90db.

Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): 
Using default value 41943039
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xff5e90db

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1            2048    41943039    20970496   83  Linux

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

#格式化新的硬盤
[root@oracledb1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
1310720 inodes, 5242624 blocks
262131 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2153775104
160 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
	32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
	4096000

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done   

[root@oracledb1 ~]# df -h
Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root  6.7G  6.7G   35M 100% /
devtmpfs               488M     0  488M   0% /dev
tmpfs                  497M   80K  497M   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                  497M  6.9M  490M   2% /run
tmpfs                  497M     0  497M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1              497M  124M  374M  25% /boot

3.掛在新建立的硬盤

#手工掛載
[root@oracledb1 /]# mount /dev/sdb1 /u01/
[root@oracledb1 /]# df -h
Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/rhel-root  6.7G  6.7G   35M 100% /
devtmpfs               488M     0  488M   0% /dev
tmpfs                  497M   80K  497M   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                  497M  6.9M  490M   2% /run
tmpfs                  497M     0  497M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1              497M  124M  374M  25% /boot
/dev/sdb1               20G   45M   19G   1% /u01

#開機自動掛載
[root@oracledb1 u01]# more /etc/fstab 

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Fri Jul 31 07:28:00 2015
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/rhel-root   /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=7e6ade8e-9503-486f-a068-2b2c1eb1733c /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap   swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
/dev/sdb1		/u01			ext4	defaults	0 0