SpringCloud- 接口網關（zuul）

1.什麼是網關

你們都知道，從一個房間走到另外一個房間，必然要通過一扇門。一樣，從一個網絡向另外一個網絡發送信

息，也必須通過一道「關口」，這道關口就是網關。網關 就是一個網絡鏈接到另外一個網絡的「關口」。也就是網絡關卡。例如：個人一個pc工程的ip地址：192.168.1.215 而後另外一個h5工程的ip地址是192.168.2.114 若是pc工程想調用h5

工程 屬於不在同一個網段之中，跨域問題，須要搭建接口網關！

 

2.如何使用SpringCloud-zuul 搭建一個接口網關

 接口網關：攔截請求,nginx也有此做用，好比防止ddos攻擊

 

 

 使用接口網關之後 pc工程只須要訪問地址：www.zull.com/member 則直接有接口網關根據請求地址 直接找到 www.member.com 和nginx搭建企業網關相似

 

3.使用java代碼實現接口網關

 建立項目：zuul-server

步驟一：pom文件導入所須要的依賴

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="XXX.xsl"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.jiahou</groupId>
    <artifactId>zull-server</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!--eureka server -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring boot test -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Dalston.RC1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>


</project>

步驟二：建立zull-server的yml配置文件：

eureka: client: serviceUrl: defaultZone: http://localhost:8888/eureka/ server: port: 8799 spring: application: name: service-zuul zuul: routes: api-a: path: /api-member/** service-id: service-member api-b: path: /api-order/** service-id: service-order 

 

ps：path:就是地址請求路徑 好比請求地址：127.0.0.1:8799/api-member/method 首先 訪問zull服務  zull服務根據配置對全部/api-member/進行攔截，而後請求的地址對應的是eureka中service-member的實際地址

 

步驟三：在member服務和order服務中中添加測試方法：

 

@RequestMapping("/getMenberZull") public String getMemberMsg1() { String str = "這個是會員服務"; return str; }

@RequestMapping("/getMenberZull") public String getMemberMsg1() { String str = "這個是訂單服務"; return str; }

 

 

步驟四：啓動eureka,member,order,zull服務

 

 

 

 步驟五：分別輸入請求地址：http://127.0.0.1:8799/api-member/getMenberZull和http://127.0.0.1:8799/api-order/getMenberZull

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.使用zull接口網關過濾請求參數

 在nginx裏面能夠搭建企業的黑白名單，過濾請求參數，spirngcloud中zull過濾請求參數

  建立一個本身的filter繼承ZuulFilter

    

package com.example.demo; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import com.netflix.zuul.ZuulFilter; import com.netflix.zuul.context.RequestContext; @Component public class MyZuulFilter extends ZuulFilter { private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyZuulFilter.class); @Override public String filterType() { return "pre"; } @Override public int filterOrder() { return 0; } public boolean shouldFilter() { return true; } public Object run() { RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext(); HttpServletRequest request = ctx.getRequest(); log.info(String.format("當前接受方法類型:{}和請求地址", request.getMethod(), request.getRequestURL().toString())); Object accessToken = request.getParameter("id"); if (accessToken != null) { return null; } log.warn("當前沒有任何參數"); ctx.setSendZuulResponse(false); ctx.setResponseStatusCode(401); try { ctx.getResponse().getWriter().write("id is null"); } catch (Exception e) { } return null; } }

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 ps：nginx有的功能 zuul基本都有 

  糾正：zull->zuul