Spring Cloud超簡單十分鐘入門實例

簡介

本文經過建立一個簡單是實例,展現spring cloud的應用場景,使用eureka作服務註冊和發現,管理其餘服務,是系統的核心,移除宕機服務不會形成故障導致系統沒法使用。使用zuul作路由轉發和負載均衡,外部訪問統一走網關。內部調用使用feign來註解服務,簡化調用代碼編寫。整個spring cloud的微服務的應用雛形就是這樣,上手仍是很是簡單的。前端

服務

服務就是提供相應功能的代碼、模塊,在系統裏統一註冊到服務中心,其餘服務根據服務名等來調用這個服務,這也是eureka所作的工做。java

網關

部署的服務不少的狀況下,每個服務都有本身的端口,前端或者其餘外部調用若是都要指定ip和端口去訪問,就會很是繁瑣。網關作的工做是統一管理這些服務的路由,根據路徑轉發到不一樣的服務去,而後還作負載均衡這些。git

github地址 spring-cloud-simplegithub

新建項目

gradle父項目

選擇gradle,而後勾選java web

而後一路nextspring

gradle.properties

若是根目錄沒有gradle.properties,則新建一個,添加公共版本號api

springboot_version=2.1.3.RELEASE
springcloud_version=Greenwich.SR1
複製代碼

build.gradle

在跟目錄的build.gradle中加入內容瀏覽器

buildscript {
    repositories {
        mavenCentral()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springboot_version}"
    }
}

allprojects {
    apply plugin: "java"
    apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
    apply plugin: 'io.spring.dependency-management'

    sourceCompatibility = 1.8
    targetCompatibility = 1.8

    repositories {
        repositories {
            mavenCentral()
        }
    }

    dependencyManagement {
        imports {
            mavenBom "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-dependencies:${springcloud_version}"
        }
    }
}
複製代碼

子項目

點擊項目名稱 -> newspringboot

eureka-server

eureka負責服務發現和服務註冊,是spring cloud的核心,新建一個eureka-server子項目,在子目錄的build.gradle中加入依賴bash

依賴

dependencies {
    implementation 'org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server'
}
複製代碼

在src/main/java/包中添加Application

Application

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaServerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
    }

}
複製代碼

在src/main/resources添加配置application.yml

spring:
 application:
 name: eureka-server

server:
 port: 8761

eureka:
 instance:
 hostname: localhost
 client:
 registerWithEureka: false
 fetchRegistry: false
 serviceUrl:
 defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
複製代碼

啓動

點擊idea中運行main,瀏覽器訪問http://localhost:8761便可看到頁面

hello-service

hello-service是一個eureka client,它把本身的服務註冊到eurake中,其餘client能夠從服務中心獲取到其餘client

依賴

dependencies {
    implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web'
    implementation 'org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client'
}
複製代碼

Application

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@RestController
public class HelloServiceApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(HelloServiceApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private int port;

    @RequestMapping("/hi")
    public String hello() {
        return "hi, my port=" + port;
    }

}
複製代碼

配置

eureka:
 client:
 serviceUrl:
 defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
 port: 8763
spring:
 application:
 name: hello-service
複製代碼

啓動

訪問htto://localhost:8763/hi便可看到頁面

api-gateway

api網關負責路由轉發和負載均衡,轉發特定路由到特定的服務中,因爲其餘服務都是經過特定的端口來暴露服務,網關負責把路由轉發到特定的端口。

依賴

dependencies {
    implementation 'org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul'
    implementation 'org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client'
}
複製代碼

Application

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableZuulProxy
@SpringBootApplication
public class ApiGatewayApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ApiGatewayApplication.class, args);
    }

}
複製代碼

配置

server:
 port: 8769
eureka:
 client:
 service-url:
 defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka
spring:
 application:
 name: zuul
zuul:
 routes:
 hello:
 path: /hello/**
 serviceId: hello-service
複製代碼

啓動

訪問http://localhost:8769/hello/hi可看到hello-service返回的頁面

call-service

服務內部相互調用,直接使用feign註解service訪問,feign提供了負載均衡等。

依賴

dependencies {
    implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web'
    implementation 'org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client'
    implementation 'org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-openfeign'
}
複製代碼

Application

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
@RestController
public class CallServiceApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(CallServiceApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Autowired
    private HelloService helloService;

    @RequestMapping("/hi")
    public String hello() {
        return helloService.sayHiFromClientOne();
    }
}
複製代碼

HelloService

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@FeignClient(value = "hello-service")
public interface HelloService {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/hi", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    String sayHiFromClientOne();

}
複製代碼

配置

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
  port: 8764
spring:
  application:
    name: call-service
複製代碼

修改api-gateway配置加入call路由到routes

 routes:
 hello:
 path: /hello/**
 serviceId: hello-service
 call:
 path: /call/**
 serviceId: call-service
複製代碼

啓動

啓動call-service,重啓api-gateway,訪問http://localhost:8769/call/hi,可看到由call調用hello返回的頁面

打包

進入子項目,運行

../gradlew clean build -x test
複製代碼

打好的jar包在./build/libs/中

相關文章
相關標籤/搜索