linux-date 轉換時間戳

時間 2019-11-06

原文原文鏈接

`date`命令主要用途

一、查詢當前時間

$> date
Wed Jan 13 22:47:50 CST 2019 //獲取當前時間
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二、獲取當前時間對應時間戳

$> date +%s
1547391600
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三、獲取某個時間節點對應的時間戳

$> date -d '2019-01-13 23:00:00' +%s
1547391600
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四、獲取時間戳對應的時間節點

$> date --date='@1547391600'
Sun Jan 13 23:00:00 CST 2019

$> date -d '@1547391600'
Sun Jan 13 23:00:00 CST 2019

// 用戶能夠自定義日誌顯示格式

$> date -d '@1547391600' +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
2019-01-13 23:00:00

%> date -d '@1547391600' +"%Y-%m-%d %I:%M:%S"
2019-01-13 11:00:00

$> date -d '@1547391600' +"%Y-%m-%d %I:%M:%S %A"
2019-01-13 11:00:00 Sunday
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關於 `date` 的詳細說明

Usage: date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]
  or:  date [-u|--utc|--universal] [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]]
Display the current time in the given FORMAT, or set the system date.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
  // 最主要的，經過 -d 指定時間.
  -d, --date=STRING         display time described by STRING, not 'now'
  -f, --file=DATEFILE       like --date once for each line of DATEFILE
  -I[TIMESPEC], --iso-8601[=TIMESPEC]  output date/time in ISO 8601 format.
                            TIMESPEC='date' for date only (the default),
                            'hours', 'minutes', 'seconds', or 'ns' for date
                            and time to the indicated precision.
  -r, --reference=FILE      display the last modification time of FILE
  -R, --rfc-2822            output date and time in RFC 2822 format.
                            Example: Mon, 07 Aug 2006 12:34:56 -0600
      --rfc-3339=TIMESPEC   output date and time in RFC 3339 format.
                            TIMESPEC='date', 'seconds', or 'ns' for
                            date and time to the indicated precision.
                            Date and time components are separated by
                            a single space: 2006-08-07 12:34:56-06:00
  // 設定時間
  -s, --set=STRING          set time described by STRING
  -u, --utc, --universal    print or set Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)
      --help     display this help and exit
      --version  output version information and exit
//時間格式規則參考
FORMAT controls the output.  Interpreted sequences are:

  %%   a literal %
  //查看星期
  %a   locale's abbreviated weekday name (e.g., Sun) %A locale's full weekday name (e.g., Sunday)
  //查看月份
  %b   locale's abbreviated month name (e.g., Jan) %B locale's full month name (e.g., January)
  //本地時間和日期
  %c   locale's date and time (e.g., Thu Mar 3 23:05:25 2005) //查看世紀 %C century; like %Y, except omit last two digits (e.g., 20) //當月中第幾天 %d day of month (e.g., 01) //查看日期，等同%m/%d/%y %D date; same as %m/%d/%y %e day of month, space padded; same as %_d //日期，等同%Y-%m-%d %F full date; same as %Y-%m-%d //年份後兩位數字 %g last two digits of year of ISO week number (see %G) //年份 %G year of ISO week number (see %V); normally useful only with %V //月份，不是12制小時 %h same as %b //小時，24/12 小時制對應結果 %H hour (00..23) %I hour (01..12) //一年中的第幾天 %j day of year (001..366) //小時 %k hour, space padded ( 0..23); same as %_H %l hour, space padded ( 1..12); same as %_I //月份 %m month (01..12) //分鐘 %M minute (00..59) //換行 %n a newline //納秒 %N nanoseconds (000000000..999999999) //上午下午，AM（am） / PM（pm） %p locale's equivalent of either AM or PM; blank if not known
  %P   like %p, but lower case
  //12小時制時間
  %r   locale's 12-hour clock time (e.g., 11:11:04 PM) //等同 %H:%M %R 24-hour hour and minute; same as %H:%M //距離UTC時間 1970-01-01 00:00:00 的秒數 %s seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC //當前時間秒數 %S second (00..60) //tab %t a tab //等同 %H:%M:%S %T time; same as %H:%M:%S //星期數 %u day of week (1..7); 1 is Monday //一年中第幾個星期 %U week number of year, with Sunday as first day of week (00..53) %V ISO week number, with Monday as first day of week (01..53) //星期中第幾日 %w day of week (0..6); 0 is Sunday //一年中第幾周 %W week number of year, with Monday as first day of week (00..53) //日期和時間 %x locale's date representation (e.g., 12/31/99)
  %X   locale's time representation (e.g., 23:13:48) //年份後兩位 %y last two digits of year (00..99) //年份 %Y year //時區 %z +hhmm numeric time zone (e.g., -0400) %:z +hh:mm numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00) %::z +hh:mm:ss numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00:00) %:::z numeric time zone with : to necessary precision (e.g., -04, +05:30) %Z alphabetic time zone abbreviation (e.g., EDT) By default, date pads numeric fields with zeroes. The following optional flags may follow '%': - (hyphen) do not pad the field _ (underscore) pad with spaces 0 (zero) pad with zeros ^ use upper case if possible # use opposite case if possible After any flags comes an optional field width, as a decimal number; then an optional modifier, which is either E to use the locale's alternate representations if available, or
O to use the locale's alternate numeric symbols if available. Examples: Convert seconds since the epoch (1970-01-01 UTC) to a date $ date --date='@2147483647' Show the time on the west coast of the US (use tzselect(1) to find TZ) $ TZ='America/Los_Angeles' date Show the local time for 9AM next Friday on the west coast of the US $ date --date='TZ="America/Los_Angeles" 09:00 next Fri' 複製代碼