高可用-mysql安裝,雙主模式+keepalived

mysql安裝

1.添加用戶

groupadd mysql

useradd -r -g mysql mysql

 

2.路徑受權

切到mysql目錄 cd /usr/local/mysql

修改當前目錄擁有者爲mysql用戶 chown -R mysql:mysql ./

 

3.初始化

安裝數據庫 bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

（看到有的報這個錯bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory解決方法：yum install -y libaio  //安裝後在初始化就OK了）

 

4.建立RSA

執行如下命令建立RSA private key  bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

 

5.修改權限

修改當前目錄擁有者爲mysql用戶 chown -R mysql:mysql ./

修改當前data目錄擁有者爲mysql用戶 chown -R mysql:mysql data

6.配置my.cnf

vim /etc/my.cnf    （直接把下面內容複製上就行）

 

[mysqld]

character_set_server=utf8

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

#不區分大小寫 (sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 這個簡單來講就是sql語句是否嚴格)

lower_case_table_names = 1

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid

 

 

7.開機啓動

添加開機啓動     cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld

vi /etc/init.d/mysqld  

 加入開機起動    chkconfig --add mysqld  

 

八、啓動mysql   service mysqld start 

 

九、登陸修改密碼 mysql -uroot -p 上面初始化時的密碼

若是出現錯誤 須要添加軟鏈接  ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin

 

10.修改初始化密碼

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> set password='suntek@1234';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'suntek@1234';

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

 

 

11.打開防火牆

vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

添加一行

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306-j ACCEPT

service iptables restart

 

 

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二.雙主配置

172.16.70.6

172.16.70.7

 

1.配置/etc/my.cnf，配置完後必定要先重啓

 

172.16.70.6機器

[mysqld]

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

port=3306

user=mysql

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

lower_case_table_names = 1

 

server-id = 1

log-bin = mysql-bin

binlog_format = mixed

relay_log = relay-bin

auto_increment_increment=2

auto_increment_offset=1

 

 

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid

 

sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

 

172.16.70.7機器

[mysqld]

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

port=3306

user=mysql

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

lower_case_table_names = 1

 

server-id = 2

log-bin = mysql-bin

binlog_format = mixed

relay_log = relay-bin

auto_increment_increment=2

auto_increment_offset=2

 

 

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid

 

sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

黃色背景部分server-id和 auto_increment_offset不能相同，其它必須相同

部分配置項解釋以下：

binlog_format= mixed：指定mysql的binlog日誌的格式，mixed是混合模式。

relay-log：開啓中繼日誌功能

relay-log-index：中繼日誌清單

auto-increment-increment= 2：表示自增加字段每次遞增的量，其默認值是1。它的值應設爲整個結構中服務器的總數，本案例用到兩臺服務器，因此值設爲2。

auto-increment-offset= 2：用來設定數據庫中自動增加的起點(即初始值)，由於這兩能服務器都設定了一次自動增加值2，因此它們的起點必須得不一樣，這樣才能避免兩臺服務器數據同步時出現主鍵衝突。

注：另外還能夠在my.cnf配置文件中，添加「binlog_do_db=數據庫名」配置項（能夠添加多個）來指定要同步的數據庫。若是配置了這個配置項，若是沒添加在該配置項後面的數據庫，則binlog不記錄它的事件。

 

2.在msql1(172.16.70.6)建立一個用戶給mysql2（172.16.70.7）鏈接使用的，用戶名爲suntek,密碼爲suntek@1234

 

grant replication slave on *.* to 'suntek'@'172.16.70.7' identified by 'suntek@1234';

3.msql1(172.16.70.6)查看binlog信息

 

show master status;

 

 

4.mysql2（172.16.70.7）將mysql1設爲自已的主服務器並開啓slave功能：

change master to master_host='172.16.70.6',master_user='suntek',master_password='suntek@1234',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=154;

start slave;

 

5.msql2(172.16.70.7)的狀態：

 

show slave status \G;

（\G格式化輸出）

 

 

mysql1與mysql2反過來2~5步驟

 

6.在msql2(172.16.70.7)建立一個用戶給mysql1（172.16.70.6）鏈接使用的，用戶名爲suntek,密碼爲suntek@1234

 

grant replication slave on *.* to 'suntek'@'172.16.70.6' identified by 'suntek@1234';

msql2(172.16.70.7)查看binlog信息

show master status;

 

 

7.mysql1（172.16.70.6）將mysql1設爲自已的主服務器並開啓slave功能：

change master to master_host='172.16.70.7',master_user='suntek',master_password='suntek@1234',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=454;

start slave;

show slave status;

 

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3、keepalive

vip：172.16.70.200

ip1 : 172.16.70.六、ip2 : 172.16.70.7

 

1.下載keepalive安裝包http://www.keepalived.org/download.html

 

2.安裝依賴

yum install -y libnl-devel libnl3-devel libnfnetlink-devel openssl-devel

 

3.解壓

tar zxvf keepalived-2.0.10.tar.gz

 

4.進入解壓後的目錄，進行configure

cd keepalived-2.0.10

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

 

5.進行編譯安裝

make && make install

 

6.拷貝執行文件

cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

 

7.將init.d文件拷貝到etc下,加入開機啓動項

cp /usr/local/keepalived-2.0.10/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/keepalived

 

8.將keepalived文件拷貝到etc下，加入網卡配置

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

 

9.將keepalived配置文件拷貝到etc下

mkdir -p /etc/keepalived

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

 

10.添加可執行權限

chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived

 

11.加入開機啓動

chkconfig --add keepalived #添加時必須保證/etc/init.d/keepalived存在

chkconfig keepalived on

#添加完可查詢系統服務是否存在：

chkconfig --list

 

12.編輯檢測腳本msyql.sh，放到/etc/keepalived/mysql.sh，並受權

這個的做用是當檢測到mysql中止時，也kill了keepalived進程

#!/bin/sh  

pkill keepalived

 

 

受權

chmod +x /etc/keepalived/mysql.sh

 

 

 

13.編輯/etc/keepalived/keepalived.cof文件

原來兩臺機器原來網絡172.16.70.6和172.16.70.7

 

配置文件

四個地方不一樣router_id ，priority，nopreempt（prority大的要配置，另外一個不用配置），real_server

172.16.70.6的/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

 

 

! Configuration File for keepalived

 

global_defs {

  router_id mysql70-6

}

 

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

   state BACKUP

   interface eth0

   virtual_router_id 51

    priority 100

   advert_int 1

    nopreempt

   authentication {

       auth_type PASS

       auth_pass 1111

   }

   virtual_ipaddress {

       172.16.70.199

   }

}

 

virtual_server 172.16.70.199 3306 {

   delay_loop 2

   lb_algo rr

   lb_kind DR

   persistence_timeout 60

   protocol TCP

   

   real_server 172.16.70.6 3306 {

       weight 3

       notify_down    /etc/keepalived/mysql.sh

       TCP_CHECK {

            connect_timeout 3

            nb_get_retry 3

            delay_before_retry 3

            connect_port 3306

       }

   }

}

 

172.16.70.7的/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

 

! Configuration File for keepalived

 

global_defs {

  router_id mysql70-7

}

 

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

   state BACKUP

   interface eth0

   virtual_router_id 51

    priority 50

   advert_int 1

   authentication {

       auth_type PASS

       auth_pass 1111

   }

 

   virtual_ipaddress {

       172.16.70.199

   }

}

 

virtual_server 172.16.70.199 3306 {

   delay_loop 2

   lb_algo rr

   lb_kind DR

   persistence_timeout 60

   protocol TCP

 

   real_server 172.16.70.7 3306 {

       weight 3

       notify_down    /etc/keepalived/mysql.sh

       TCP_CHECK {

            connect_timeout 3

            nb_get_retry 3

            delay_before_retry 3

            connect_port 3306

       }

   }

}

 

 

14.啓動、中止、重啓keepalived服務

service keepalived start

service keepalived stop

service keepalived restart

 

15.查看服務

ps -ef |grep keepalived

16.查看網絡結構

ip addr

 

17.別的機器ping 一下虛擬IP172.16.70.199

 

18.中止172.16.70.6機器數據庫mysql測試