nginx日誌分析

在nginx.conf中定義的日誌格式以下：

    http {
        ...
    
        log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                          '$status [$request_body] $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                          '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
        ...
    }

日誌文件以下：

116.2.52.247 - - [26/Oct/2017:15:04:00 +0000] "POST /api/v1/f1_static/ HTTP/1.1" 200 [{\x22user_id\x22:\x229b999d46dd6149f49\x22}] 323 "http://www.abc.com/ProductPerspective/detail/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36" "-"116.2.52.247 - - [26/Oct/2017:15:04:00 +0000] "OPTIONS /api/v1/fund_info/ HTTP/1.1" 200 [-] 31 "http://www.abc.com/ProductPerspective/detail/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36" "-"

nginx沒有命令直接將日誌按天分割，咱們寫了一個shell腳本，每日0點定時執行。

 #!/bin/bashlogs_path="/mydata/nginx/logs/"
 mv ${logs_path}access-web.log ${logs_path}access-web-$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").logmv ${logs_path}access-api.log ${logs_path}access-api-$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").log

cron：

0 0 * * * /mydata/nginx/nginx.log.sh

從nginx服務器將日誌數據傳輸到日誌服務器

[root@VM_231_116_centos ~]
root@10.105.83.34's password:
access-power-20170929.log 100%  126KB 125.8KB/s  00:00
access-web-20171016.log   100% 2616KB  2.6MB/s  00:00
access-power-20170907.log  100% 1687KB  1.7MB/s  00:00
access-api-20170911.log    100% 1209KB  1.2MB/s  00:00
access-power-20170930.log   100% 1354KB  1.3MB/s  00:00
access.log   100%  45MB  45.2MB/s  00:00
access-api-20170907.log  100% 2960KB  2.9MB/s  00:00
access-power-20170906.log  100%  669KB 669.1KB/s  00:01
access-api-20170904.log   100% 9186KB  9.0MB/s  00:00

• 服務器之間文件（夾）複製

scp local_file remote_username@remote_ip:remote_folder  或者  
scp local_file remote_username@remote_ip:remote_file  
 scp -r local_folder remote_username@remote_ip:remote_folder

主要有幾點：

1. 逐行解析

2. 正則匹配

3. 日期的處理

4. 批量寫入數據庫

import reimport timeimport osimport arrowimport pandas as pdimport jsonimport io_tosqlimport shutil 
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
engine_user_info = create_engine(    "mysql+pymysql://{}:{}@{}:{}/{}".format('usr', 'pwd', 'host','port', 'db'),
    connect_args={"charset": "utf8"}) 

def parse(filename):
 
    month_abr = {"Jan":"01", "Feb":"02", "Mar":"03", "Apr":"04", "May":"05", "Jun":"06",                 "Jul":"07", "Aug":"08", "Sep":"09", "Oct":"10", "Nov":"11", "Dec":"12"}
 
    dfs = [] 
    try:
 
        i = 0
        file = open(filename)        for line in file:
            pattern = "(\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+).*?\[(.*?)\].*?(\w+) (/.*?) .*?\" (\d+) \[(.*?)\] (\d+) \"(.*?)\" \"(.*?)\" \"(.*?)\""
            s = re.search(pattern, line)            if s:
                remote_addr = s.group(1)
                local_time = s.group(2)
                request_method = s.group(3)
                request_url = s.group(4)
                status = s.group(5)
                request_body = s.group(6)
                body_bytes_sent = s.group(7)
                http_referer = s.group(8)
                http_user_agent = s.group(9)
                http_x_forwarded_for = s.group(10) 
                
                for mon in month_abr.keys():                    if mon in local_time:
                        local_time = local_time.replace(mon, month_abr[mon])                        break
 
                lt = arrow.get(local_time, "DD/MM/YYYY:HH:mm:ss")
                lt = lt.shift(hours=8)
                local_time = str(lt.datetime)
                i = i+1
                
 
                if request_body != '-':                    try:
                        request_body = request_body.replace(r'\x22', '"').replace("null", '""')
                        request_body_dict = json.loads(request_body)
                        fund_id = request_body_dict.get('fund_id', None)
                        user_id = request_body_dict.get('user_id', None)                        if user_id is None:
                            user_id = request_body_dict.get('userId', None)                    except Exception as e:
                        print("request_body:{}".format(request_body))
                        print(e)
                        fund_id = None
                        user_id = None
                else:
                    fund_id = None
                    user_id = None
 
                if request_method not in ("GET", "POST"):                    
                    continue
  
                df = pd.DataFrame({"remote_addr": [remote_addr], "request_method": [request_method], "local_time": [local_time],                                                "request_url": [request_url], "status": [status], "request_body": [request_body],                                                "body_bytes_sent": [body_bytes_sent], "http_referer": [http_referer],                                                "http_user_agent": [http_user_agent], "http_x_forwarded_for": [http_x_forwarded_for],                                                "fund_id": [fund_id], "user_id": [user_id]
                                                })
                df['create_at'] = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(time.time()))
                
                dfs.append(df) 
                
                if len(dfs) >= 100:
                    df_all = pd.concat(dfs)
                    df_all = df_all.drop_duplicates(subset=['remote_addr', 'request_url','local_time'])                    
                    df_all.to_sql("log_table", engine, if_exists="append", index=False)
                    print("寫入長度爲：" + str(len(df_all)))
                    dfs = []
  
        df_all = pd.concat(dfs)
        df_all = df_all.drop_duplicates(subset=['remote_addr', 'request_url','local_time'])
        df_all.to_sql("log_table", engine, if_exists="append", index=False) 
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)

日誌結構化寫入數據庫後，到前端頁面能夠多維度展現，下面是展現頁面示例：

• 統計每日活躍IP數

• 統計每日API請求次數

• 分類分析