FastDFS高可用集羣架構配置搭建及使用

時間 2020-05-09

原文原文鏈接

一，概述
FastDFS 是一個開源的高性能分佈式文件系統（DFS）。它的主要功能包括：文件存儲，文件同步和文件訪問，以及高容量和負載平衡。
FastDFS 系統有三個角色：跟蹤服務器(Tracker Server)、存儲服務器(Storage Server)和客戶端(Client)。html

Tracker Server: 跟蹤服務器，主要作調度工做，起到均衡的做用；負責管理全部的storage server和group，每一個storage在啓動後會鏈接 Tracker，告知本身所屬 group 等信息，並保持週期性心跳。多個Tracker之間是對等關係，不存在單點故障。
Storage Server: 存儲服務器，主要提供容量和備份服務；以 group 爲單位，每一個 group 內能夠有多臺 storage server，組內的storage server上的數據互爲備份。
Client:客戶端，上傳下載數據的服務器
模塊之間的主要關係以下：java

下圖是實現統一的對外下載訪問入口的高可用架構，其中全部的Nginx只作下載用途，上傳經過tracker進行上傳。nginx

2、環境準備工做git

3、安裝過程
1， tracker
#安裝編譯環境
$ yum groups install Development Tools -y
$ yum install perl -y
$ mkdir /opt/fastdfs
$ mkdir /data/fastdfs
$ cd /opt/fastdfs #爲下一步下載源碼作準備
安裝libfastcommon
#下載文件
$ wget https://github.com/happyfish100/libfastcommon/archive/V1.0.39.tar.gz
$ tar -zxvf libfastcommon-1.0.39.tar.gz
$ cd libfastcommon-1.0.39/
$ ./make.sh
$ ./make.sh install
安裝FastDFS
wget https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs/archive/V5.11.tar.gz
$ tar -zxvf fastdfs-5.11.tar.gz
$ cd fastdfs-5.11/
$ ./make.sh
$ ./make.sh install
#配置文件準備
$ cp /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf #tracker節點 10.250.112.141/142
$ cp /etc/fdfs/storage.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/storage.conf #storage節點 10.250.112.143/144
$ cp /etc/fdfs/client.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/client.conf #客戶端文件，測試用。10.250.112.141/142/143/144
$ cp /opt/fastdfs/fastdfs-5.11/conf/http.conf /etc/fdfs/ #供nginx訪問使用 10.250.112.143/144
$ cp /opt/fastdfs/fastdfs-5.11/conf/mime.types /etc/fdfs/ #供nginx訪問使用 10.250.112.143/144
tracker server配置:github

$ vim /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf
#須要修改的內容以下
port=22122 # tracker服務器端口（默認22122,通常不修改）
base_path=/data/fastdfs # 存儲日誌和數據的根目錄
#編輯啓動文件
$ vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/fastdfs-tracker.service
[Unit]
Description=The FastDFS File server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/bin/fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf start
ExecStop=/usr/bin/fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf stop
ExecRestart=/usr/bin/fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf restart

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

$ systemctl daemon-reload
$ systemctl enable fastdfs-tracker.service #不必定成功，不過不要緊
$ systemctl start fastdfs-tracker.service #不必定成功，不過不要緊
$ netstat -tulnp #查看服務是否啓動，端口是否打開
2， Storage
storage server配置
$ vim /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
#須要修改的內容以下
port=23000 # storage服務端口（默認23000,通常不修改）
base_path=/data/fastdfs # 數據和日誌文件存儲根目錄
store_path0=/data/fastdfs # 第一個存儲目錄
tracker_server=10.250.112.141:22122 # tracker服務器IP和端口
tracker_server=10.250.112.142:22122 # tracker服務器IP和端口
http.server_port=8888 # http訪問文件的端口(默認8888,看狀況修改,和nginx中保持一致)
#編輯啓動文件
$ vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/fastdfs-storage.service

[Unit]
Description=The FastDFS File server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/bin/fdfs_storaged /etc/fdfs/storage.conf start
ExecStop=/usr/bin/fdfs_storaged /etc/fdfs/storage.conf stop
ExecRestart=/usr/bin/fdfs_storaged /etc/fdfs/storage.conf restart

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

$ systemctl daemon-reload
$ systemctl enable fastdfs-storage.service
$ systemctl start fastdfs-storage.service
$ netstat -tulnp #查看服務是否啓動，端口是否打開
#查看集羣狀態
$ fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/storage.conf list
Client配置
$ vim /etc/fdfs/client.conf
#須要修改的內容以下
base_path=/data/fastdfs
tracker_server=10.250.112.141:22122 # tracker服務器IP和端口
tracker_server=10.250.112.142:22122 # tracker服務器IP和端口

#保存後測試,返回ID表示成功如：group1/M00/00/00/xx.tar.gz
$ fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf testfile
3，安裝nginx和fastdfs-nginx-module
在10.250.112.143和10.250.112.144上vim

下載nginx modulebash

$ wget https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs-nginx-module/archive/V1.20.tar.gz
$ cp /opt/fastdfs/fastdfs-nginx-module-1.20/src/mod_fastdfs.conf /etc/fdfs
安裝nginx服務器

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz架構

$ tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gzapp

$ cd nginx-1.12.2/

$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx --modules-path=/usr/local/nginx/modules --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log --http-log-path=/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/tmp/client_body --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/tmp/proxy --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/tmp/fastcgi --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/tmp/uwsgi --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/tmp/scgi --pid-path=/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/run/lock/subsys/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-file-aio --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_xslt_module=dynamic --with-http_image_filter_module=dynamic --with-http_geoip_module=dynamic --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_degradation_module --with-http_slice_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_perl_module=dynamic --with-mail=dynamic --with-mail_ssl_module --with-pcre --with-pcre-jit --with-stream=dynamic --with-stream_ssl_module --with-google_perftools_module --with-debug --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic' --with-ld-opt='-Wl,-z,relro -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-ld -Wl,-E' --add-module=/opt/fastdfs/fastdfs-nginx-module-1.20/src/

$ make
$ cp objs/nginx /usr/sbin/nginx
# 查看版本及編譯參數
$ nginx -v
4，配置nginx
在10.250.112.143和10.250.112.144上

$ vim /etc/fdfs/mod_fastdfs.conf
#須要修改的內容以下
tracker_server=192.168.0.1:22122 # tracker服務器IP和端口
tracker_server=192.168.0.2:22122 # tracker服務器IP和端口
url_have_group_name=true
base_path=/data/fastdfs
store_path0=/data/fastdfs
$ vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
將原來內容去掉，改成下面的內容

worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;

server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;

location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}

server {
listen 8888; ## 該端口爲storage.conf中的http.server_port相同
server_name localhost;
location ~/group[0-9]/ {
root /data/fastdfs;
ngx_fastdfs_module;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}

注意：1，啓動nginx，用whereis nginx定位nginx的位置，進到sbin目錄，使用 ./nginx 啓動。

2，將用到的端口到防火牆中打開，命令以下

vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

添加要開放的端口，如8888，9270，22122等用到的端口

service iptables restart

注：
在nginx的構建中會遇到很多的報錯，具體以下：

./configure: error: the Google perftools module requires the Google perftools library. You can either do not enable the module or install the library.
解決方法以下：

$ yum install gperftools -y
/configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
解決方法以下：
$ yum -y install pcre pcre-devel
./configure: error: the HTTP cache module requires md5 functions from OpenSSL library. You can either disable the module by using --without-http-cache option, or install the OpenSSL library into the system, or build the OpenSSL library statically from the source with nginx by using --with-http_ssl_module --with-openssl= options.
解決方法以下：
$ yum -y install openssl openssl-devel
./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library. You can either disable the module by using –without-http_gzip_module option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library statically from the source with nginx by using –with-zlib= option.
解決方法以下：
$ yum install -y zlib-devel
./configure: error: the HTTP XSLT module requires the libxml2/libxslt libraries. You can either do not enable the module or install the libraries.
解決方法以下：
$ yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-dev
$ yum -y install libxslt-devel
./configure: error: the HTTP image filter module requires the GD library. You can either do not enable the module or install the libraries.
解決方法以下：
$ yum -y install gd-devel
./configure: error: perl module ExtUtils::Embed is required
解決方法以下：
$ yum -y install perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed
./configure: error: the GeoIP module requires the GeoIP library. You can either do not enable the module or install the library.
解決方法以下：
$ yum -y install GeoIP GeoIP-devel GeoIP-data
在make過程當中會出現一個報錯：/usr/include/fastdfs/fdfs_define.h:15:27: fatal error: common_define.h: No such file or directory
解決方法以下：
修改fastdfs-nginx-module-1.20/src/config文件，修改以下：
ngx_module_incs="/usr/include/fastdfs /usr/include/fastcommon/"
CORE_INCS="$CORE_INCS /usr/include/fastdfs /usr/include/fastcommon/"
而後從新./configure && make，就能夠了
五、配置文件訪問的負載均衡和高可用
在10.250.112.145和10.250.112.146上安裝nginx

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz

$ tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz

$ cd nginx-1.12.2/

$ ./configure

$ make

$ make install

安裝keepalived
yum install -y nginx keepalived
nginx.conf配置文件以下

worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;

upstream fdfs_group {
server 10.250.112.143:8888 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 10.250.112.144:8888 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location ~/group[0-9]/{
proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
proxy_pass http://fdfs_group;
expires 30d;
}
}
}

10.250.112.145 上keepalived配置文件以下：

global_defs {
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}

vrrp_script chk_ngx {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
interval 2
weight -5
fall 3
rise 2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
interface eno16777984
state MASTER
priority 100
virtual_router_id 11
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}

unicast_src_ip 10.250.112.145

unicast_peer {
10.250.112.146
}

virtual_ipaddress {
10.250.112.145
}

track_script {
chk_ngx
}
notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master"
notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup"
notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault"
}
新建一個check_nginx.sh文件，內容以下

#!/bin/bash
counter=$(ps -C nginx --no-heading|wc -l)
if [ "${counter}" = "0" ]; then
exit 1
else
exit 0
fi
到這裏，全部的安裝都完成了

在10.250.112.143上上傳的圖片就能夠經過下面的路徑訪問了

http://10.250.112.143:8888/group1/M00/00/00/CvpwkF2BlAWAPEXTAAqPeqUITvA818.png

http://10.250.112.146/group1/M00/00/00/CvpwkF2BlAWAPEXTAAqPeqUITvA818.png

後面一種是作過負載均衡的。

四，代碼層面使用FastDFS
創建maven工程，引入

<dependency>
   <groupId>net.oschina.zcx7878</groupId>
   <artifactId>fastdfs-client-java</artifactId>
   <version>1.27.0.0</version>
   </dependency>

上傳文件

@Override
   public String upload(String fileName) {
       String filePath = getFilePrefix(finalFilePathPrefix);
       try {
//           讀取本地conf文件配置時
           ClientGlobal.init("fdfs_client.conf");
//           讀取apollo配置時
//           ClientGlobal.setG_connect_timeout(connectTimeout);
//           ClientGlobal.setG_network_timeout(networkTimeout);
//           ClientGlobal.setG_charset(charset);
//           ClientGlobal.setG_anti_steal_token(httpAntiStealToken);
//           ClientGlobal.setG_secret_key(httpSecretKey);
//           ClientGlobal.setG_tracker_http_port(httpTrackerPort);
//           String[] trackerServers = trackerServerIps.split("\\,");
//           InetSocketAddress[] tracker_servers = new InetSocketAddress[trackerServers.length];
//       for (int i = 0; i < trackerServers.length; i++) {
//       tracker_servers[i] = new InetSocketAddress(trackerServers[i].trim(), trackerServerPort);
//       }
//           TrackerGroup trackerGroup = new TrackerGroup(tracker_servers);
//           ClientGlobal.setG_tracker_group(trackerGroup);
           //獲取client
       TrackerClient tracker = new TrackerClient();
       TrackerServer trackerServer = tracker.getConnection();
       StorageServer storageServer = null;
       StorageClient client = new StorageClient(trackerServer, storageServer);
           //上傳文件
       NameValuePair[] metaList = new NameValuePair[1];
       metaList[0] = new NameValuePair("fileName", fileName);
       String results[] = client.upload_file(fileName, null, metaList);
       filePath = filePath + results[0]+"/"+results[1];
       } catch (IOException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       } catch (MyException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }

       return filePath;
   }

下載文件

@Override
   public String download(String url, String localName) {
       if (StringUtil.isBlank(url)) {
           return "Fail";
       }
       String fileName = url.split("/"+groupName+"/")[1];
       try {
           ClientGlobal.setG_connect_timeout(connectTimeout);
           ClientGlobal.setG_network_timeout(networkTimeout);
           ClientGlobal.setG_charset(charset);
           ClientGlobal.setG_anti_steal_token(httpAntiStealToken);
           ClientGlobal.setG_secret_key(httpSecretKey);
           ClientGlobal.setG_tracker_http_port(httpTrackerPort);
           String trackerServers[] = trackerServerIps.split("\\,");
           InetSocketAddress[] tracker_servers = new InetSocketAddress[trackerServers.length];
       for (int i = 0; i < trackerServers.length; i++) {
       tracker_servers[i] = new InetSocketAddress(trackerServers[i].trim(), trackerServerPort);
       }
           TrackerGroup trackerGroup = new TrackerGroup(tracker_servers);
           ClientGlobal.setG_tracker_group(trackerGroup);
           //獲取client
       TrackerClient tracker = new TrackerClient();
       TrackerServer trackerServer = tracker.getConnection();
       StorageServer storageServer = null;
       StorageClient client = new StorageClient(trackerServer, storageServer);
       //0表示下載成功
       int count = client.download_file(groupName, fileName,localName);
       System.out.println(count);
       } catch (IOException | MyException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }

       return "success";
   }