GitHub: github.com/jayknoxqu/r…html
Java RMI,即 遠程方法調用(Remote Method Invocation),一種用於實現遠程過程調用(RPC)(Remote procedure call)的Java API, 能直接傳輸序列化後的Java對象和分佈式垃圾收集。它的實現依賴於Java虛擬機(JVM),所以它僅支持從一個JVM到另外一個JVM的調用。java
public class RegistryService {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// 本地主機上的遠程對象註冊表Registry的實例,默認端口1099
Registry registry = LocateRegistry.createRegistry(1099);
// 建立一個遠程對象
HelloRegistryFacade hello = new HelloRegistryFacadeImpl();
// 把遠程對象註冊到RMI註冊服務器上,並命名爲HelloRegistry
registry.rebind("HelloRegistry", hello);
System.out.println("======= 啓動RMI服務成功! =======");
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
複製代碼
繼承Remote接口node
public interface HelloRegistryFacade extends Remote {
String helloWorld(String name) throws RemoteException;
}
複製代碼
繼承UnicastRemoteObjectgit
public class HelloRegistryFacadeImpl extends UnicastRemoteObject implements HelloRegistryFacade{
public HelloRegistryFacadeImpl() throws RemoteException {
super();
}
@Override
public String helloWorld(String name) {
return "[Registry] 你好! " + name;
}
}
複製代碼
public class RegistryClient {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
Registry registry = LocateRegistry.getRegistry(1099);
HelloRegistryFacade hello = (HelloRegistryFacade) registry.lookup("HelloRegistry");
String response = hello.helloWorld("ZhenJin");
System.out.println("=======> " + response + " <=======");
} catch (NotBoundException | RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
複製代碼
出處:https://www.tutorialspoint.com/java_rmi/java_rmi_introduction.htm
github
Registry(註冊表)是放置全部服務器對象的命名空間。
每次服務端建立一個對象時,它都會使用bind()或rebind()方法註冊該對象。
這些是使用稱爲綁定名稱的惟一名稱註冊的。
要調用遠程對象,客戶端須要該對象的引用,如(HelloRegistryFacade)。
即經過服務端綁定的名稱(HelloRegistry)從註冊表中獲取對象(lookup()方法)。
複製代碼
public class NamingService {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// 本地主機上的遠程對象註冊表Registry的實例
LocateRegistry.createRegistry(1100);
// 建立一個遠程對象
HelloNamingFacade hello = new HelloNamingFacadeImpl();
// 把遠程對象註冊到RMI註冊服務器上,並命名爲Hello
//綁定的URL標準格式爲:rmi://host:port/name
Naming.bind("rmi://localhost:1100/HelloNaming", hello);
System.out.println("======= 啓動RMI服務成功! =======");
} catch (RemoteException | MalformedURLException | AlreadyBoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
複製代碼
接口和接口實現和Registry的方式同樣面試
public class NamingClient {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
String remoteAddr="rmi://localhost:1100/HelloNaming";
HelloNamingFacade hello = (HelloNamingFacade) Naming.lookup(remoteAddr);
String response = hello.helloWorld("ZhenJin");
System.out.println("=======> " + response + " <=======");
} catch (NotBoundException | RemoteException | MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
複製代碼
public static Remote lookup(String name)
throws NotBoundException,java.net.MalformedURLException,RemoteException{
ParsedNamingURL parsed = parseURL(name);
Registry registry = getRegistry(parsed);
if (parsed.name == null)
return registry;
return registry.lookup(parsed.name);
}
複製代碼
Naming實際上是對Registry的一個封裝數據庫
上面說了rmi是經過JVM虛擬機進行一個遠程調用的,咱們經過Scala,kotlin等jvm語言印證下vim
object ScalaRmiService extends App {
try {
val user:UserScalaFacade = new UserScalaFacadeImpl
LocateRegistry.createRegistry(1103)
Naming.rebind("rmi://localhost:1103/UserScala", user)
println("======= 啓動RMI服務成功! =======")
} catch {
case e: IOException => println(e)
}
}
複製代碼
trait UserScalaFacade extends Remote {
/**
* 經過用戶名獲取用戶信息
*/
@throws(classOf[RemoteException])
def getByName(userName: String): User
/**
* 經過用戶性別獲取用戶信息
*/
@throws(classOf[RemoteException])
def getBySex(userSex: String): List[User]
}
複製代碼
class UserScalaFacadeImpl extends UnicastRemoteObject with UserScalaFacade {
/**
* 模擬一個數據庫表
*/
private lazy val userList = List(
new User("Jane", "女", 16),
new User("jack", "男", 17),
new User("ZhenJin", "男", 18)
)
override def getByName(userName: String): User = userList.filter(u => userName.equals(u.userName)).head
override def getBySex(userSex: String): List[User] = userList.filter(u => userSex.equals(u.userSex))
}
複製代碼
實體類必須實現序列化(Serializable)才能進行一個遠程傳輸bash
class User(name: String, sex: String, age: Int) extends Serializable {
var userName: String = name
var userSex: String = sex
var userAge: Int = age
override def toString = s"User(userName=$userName, userSex=$userSex, userAge=$userAge)"
}
複製代碼
object ScalaRmiClient extends App {
try {
val remoteAddr="rmi://localhost:1103/UserScala"
val userFacade = Naming.lookup(remoteAddr).asInstanceOf[UserScalaFacade]
println(userFacade.getByName("ZhenJin"))
System.out.println("--------------------------------------")
for (user <- userFacade.getBySex("男")) println(user)
} catch {
case e: NotBoundException => println(e)
case e: RemoteException => println(e)
case e: MalformedURLException => println(e)
}
}
複製代碼
public class JavaRmiClient {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
String remoteAddr="rmi://localhost:1103/UserScala";
UserScalaFacade userFacade = (UserScalaFacade) Naming.lookup();
User zhenJin = userFacade.getByName("ZhenJin");
System.out.println(zhenJin);
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
List<User> userList = userFacade.getBySex("男");
System.out.println(userList);
} catch (NotBoundException | RemoteException | MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
複製代碼
上面試驗能夠證實Scala和Java是能夠互通的,Scala自己也是能夠直接引用Java類的服務器
序列化(Serialization)是將數據結構或對象狀態轉換爲能夠存儲(例如,在文件或存儲器緩衝區中)或傳輸(例如,經過網絡鏈接)的格式的過程, 反序列化(Deserialization)則是從一系列字節中提取數據結構的相反操做.
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
try {
val hello: HelloKotlinFacade = HelloKotlinFacadeImpl()
LocateRegistry.createRegistry(1102)
Naming.rebind("rmi://localhost:1101/HelloKotlin", hello)
println("======= 啓動RMI服務成功! =======")
} catch (e: IOException) {
e.printStackTrace()
}
}
複製代碼
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
try {
val hello = Naming.lookup("rmi://localhost:1102/HelloKotlin") as HelloKotlinFacade
val response = hello.helloWorld("ZhenJin")
println("=======> $response <=======")
} catch (e: NotBoundException) {
e.printStackTrace()
} catch (e: RemoteException) {
e.printStackTrace()
} catch (e: MalformedURLException) {
e.printStackTrace()
}
}
複製代碼
實現和接口省略...
StringBoot經過配置就能夠簡單實現rmi了
@Configuration
public class RmiServiceConfig {
@Bean
public RmiServiceExporter registerService(UserFacade userFacade) {
RmiServiceExporter rmiServiceExporter = new RmiServiceExporter();
rmiServiceExporter.setServiceName("UserInfo");
rmiServiceExporter.setService(userFacade);
rmiServiceExporter.setServiceInterface(UserFacade.class);
rmiServiceExporter.setRegistryPort(1101);
return rmiServiceExporter;
}
}
複製代碼
@Configuration
public class RmiClientConfig {
@Bean
public UserFacade userInfo() {
RmiProxyFactoryBean rmiProxyFactoryBean = new RmiProxyFactoryBean();
rmiProxyFactoryBean.setServiceUrl("rmi://localhost:1101/UserInfo");
rmiProxyFactoryBean.setServiceInterface(UserFacade.class);
rmiProxyFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet();
return (UserFacade) rmiProxyFactoryBean.getObject();
}
}
複製代碼
@Autowired
private UserFacade userFacade;
@Test
public void userBySexTest() {
try {
List<User> userList = userFacade.getBySex("男");
userList.forEach(System.out::println);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
複製代碼
經過測試類能夠看出,這和咱們平時的程序調用內部方法沒什麼區別!
你們能夠經過下面文章加深瞭解:
有兩個遠程服務接口可供client調用,Factory和Product接口
FactoryImpl類實現了Factory接口,ProductImpl類實現了Product接口
1. FactoryImpl被註冊到了rmi-registry中
2. client端請求一個Factory的引用
3. rmi-registry返回client端一個FactoryImpl的引用
4. client端調用FactoryImpl的遠程方法請求一個ProductImpl的遠程引用
5. FactoryImpl返回給client端一個ProductImpl引用
6. client經過ProductImpl引用調用遠程方法
複製代碼
socket工廠文檔: docs.oracle.com/javase/8/do…
出處:http://www.importnew.com/20344.html
解壓 ZooKeeper
tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.12.tar.gz
複製代碼
在 conf 目錄新建 zoo.cfg
cd zookeeper-3.4.12/conf
vim zoo.cfg
複製代碼
zoo.cfg 代碼以下(本身指定 log 文件目錄):
tickTime=2000
dataDir=/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.12/data
dataLogDir=/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.12/log
clientPort=2181
複製代碼
在 bin 目錄下,啓動 Zookeeper:
cd zookeeper-3.4.12/bin
./zkServer.sh start
複製代碼
public class RmiConsumer {
// 用於等待 SyncConnected 事件觸發後繼續執行當前線程
private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
// 定義一個 volatile 成員變量,用於保存最新的 RMI 地址(考慮到該變量或許會被其它線程所修改,一旦修改後,該變量的值會影響到全部線程)
private volatile List<String> urlList = new ArrayList<>();
// 構造器
public RmiConsumer() {
ZooKeeper zk = connectServer(); // 鏈接 ZooKeeper 服務器並獲取 ZooKeeper 對象
if (zk != null) {
watchNode(zk); // 觀察 /registry 節點的全部子節點並更新 urlList 成員變量
}
}
// 查找 RMI 服務
public <T extends Remote> T lookup() {
T service = null;
int size = urlList.size();
if (size > 0) {
String url;
if (size == 1) {
url = urlList.get(0); // 若 urlList 中只有一個元素,則直接獲取該元素
log.debug("using only url: {}", url);
} else {
url = urlList.get(ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(size)); // 若 urlList 中存在多個元素,則隨機獲取一個元素
log.debug("using random url: {}", url);
}
service = lookupService(url); // 從 JNDI 中查找 RMI 服務
}
return service;
}
// 鏈接 ZooKeeper 服務器
private ZooKeeper connectServer() {
ZooKeeper zk = null;
try {
zk = new ZooKeeper(Constant.ZK_CONNECTION_STRING, Constant.ZK_SESSION_TIMEOUT, new Watcher() {
@Override
public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
if (event.getState() == Event.KeeperState.SyncConnected) {
latch.countDown(); // 喚醒當前正在執行的線程
}
}
});
latch.await(); // 使當前線程處於等待狀態
} catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
log.error("", e);
}
return zk;
}
// 觀察 /registry 節點下全部子節點是否有變化
private void watchNode(final ZooKeeper zk) {
try {
List<String> nodeList = zk.getChildren(Constant.ZK_REGISTRY_PATH, event -> {
if (event.getType() == Watcher.Event.EventType.NodeChildrenChanged) {
watchNode(zk); // 若子節點有變化,則從新調用該方法(爲了獲取最新子節點中的數據)
}
});
List<String> dataList = new ArrayList<>(); // 用於存放 /registry 全部子節點中的數據
for (String node : nodeList) {
byte[] data = zk.getData(Constant.ZK_REGISTRY_PATH + "/" + node, false, null); // 獲取 /registry 的子節點中的數據
dataList.add(new String(data));
}
log.debug("node data: {}", dataList);
urlList = dataList; // 更新最新的 RMI 地址
} catch (KeeperException | InterruptedException e) {
log.error("", e);
}
}
// 在 JNDI 中查找 RMI 遠程服務對象
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private <T> T lookupService(String url) {
T remote = null;
try {
remote = (T) Naming.lookup(url);
} catch (NotBoundException | MalformedURLException | RemoteException e) {
log.error("遠程查找出錯!", e);
}
return remote;
}
}
複製代碼
public class RmiProvider {
/**
* 用於等待 SyncConnected 事件觸發後繼續執行當前線程
*/
private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
// 發佈 RMI 服務並註冊 RMI 地址到 ZooKeeper 中
public void publish(Remote remote, String host, int port) {
String url = publishService(remote, host, port); // 發佈 RMI 服務並返回 RMI 地址
if (url != null) {
ZooKeeper zk = connectServer(); // 鏈接 ZooKeeper 服務器並獲取 ZooKeeper 對象
if (zk != null) {
createNode(zk, url); // 建立 ZNode 並將 RMI 地址放入 ZNode 上
}
}
}
/**
*發佈 RMI 服務
*/
private String publishService(Remote remote, String host, int port) {
String url = null;
try {
url = String.format("rmi://%s:%d/%s", host, port, remote.getClass().getName());
LocateRegistry.createRegistry(port);
Naming.rebind(url, remote);
log.debug("publish rmi service (url: {})", url);
} catch (RemoteException | MalformedURLException e) {
log.error("", e);
}
return url;
}
// 鏈接 ZooKeeper 服務器
private ZooKeeper connectServer() {
ZooKeeper zk = null;
try {
zk = new ZooKeeper(Constant.ZK_CONNECTION_STRING, Constant.ZK_SESSION_TIMEOUT, new Watcher() {
@Override
public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
if (event.getState() == Event.KeeperState.SyncConnected) {
latch.countDown(); // 喚醒當前正在執行的線程
}
}
});
latch.await(); // 使當前線程處於等待狀態
} catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
log.error("", e);
}
return zk;
}
/**
* 建立節點
*/
private void createNode(ZooKeeper zk, String url) {
try {
byte[] data = url.getBytes();
String path = zk.create(Constant.ZK_PROVIDER_PATH, data, ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL); // 建立一個臨時性且有序的 ZNode
log.debug("create zookeeper node ({} => {})", path, url);
} catch (KeeperException | InterruptedException e) {
log.error("", e);
}
}
}
複製代碼
代碼已上傳到GitHub上:github.com/jayknoxqu/r…