使用源碼編譯安裝PHP7

使用源碼編譯安裝PHP7

2015年6月11日，PHP官網發佈消息，正式公開發布PHP7初版的alpha版本.

PHP7特性：

PHP 7.0.0 Alpha 1使用新版的ZendEngine引擎，帶來了許多新的特性，如下是不徹底列表：
（1）性能提高：PHP7比PHP5.6性能提高了兩倍。 Improved performance: PHP 7 is up to twice as fast as PHP 5.6
（2）全面一致的64位支持。 Consistent 64-bit support
（3）之前的許多致命錯誤，如今改爲拋出異常。Many fatal errors are now Exceptions
（4）移除了一些老的不在支持的SAPI（服務器端應用編程端口）和擴展。Removal of old and unsupported SAPIs and extensions
（5）新增了空接合操做符。The null coalescing operator (??)
（6）新增長告終合比較運算符。Combined comparison Operator (<=>)
（7）新增長了函數的返回類型聲明。Return Type Declarations
（8）新增長了標量類型聲明。Scalar Type Declarations
（9）新增長匿名類。Anonymous Classes

系統環境：

Mac-mini:~ WangTom$ uname -mnprs
Darwin Mac-mini.local 14.3.0 x86_64 i386

Mac-mini:~ WangTom$ sw_vers
ProductName:    Mac OS X
ProductVersion: 10.10.3
BuildVersion:   14D136

源碼安裝PHP7:

PHP7下載地址：https://downloads.php.net/~ab/

$ wget https://downloads.php.net/~ab/php-7.0.0alpha1.tar.bz2
$ tar jxf php-7.0.0alpha1.tar.bz2
$ cd php-7.0.0alpha1

$ ./configure
... ...
checking size of long... (cached) 8
checking size of long long... (cached) 8
checking for iconv support... yes
checking for iconv... no
checking for libiconv... no
configure: error: Please specify the install prefix of iconv with --with-iconv=<DIR>

安裝 libiconv (字符編碼轉換庫)
網站地址: http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/
當前版本: http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz

$ wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
$ tar zxf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
$ cd libiconv-1.14
$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/lib/libiconv
$ make
$ sudo make install

配置參數

$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 \
--enable-fpm \
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php7/etc \
--with-iconv=/usr/local/lib/libiconv \

執行configure配置後，能夠看到有以下結果：
... ...
Thank you for using PHP.

config.status: creating php7.spec
config.status: creating main/build-defs.h
config.status: creating scripts/phpize
config.status: creating scripts/man1/phpize.1
config.status: creating scripts/php-config
config.status: creating scripts/man1/php-config.1
config.status: creating sapi/cli/php.1
config.status: creating sapi/cgi/php-cgi.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.phar.1
config.status: creating main/php_config.h
config.status: executing default commands  
WangTomdeMacBook-Pro:php-7.0.0alpha1 wangtom$

$ make
$ make test
$ sudo make install

查看PHP7是否安裝成功
````
WangTomdeMacBook-Pro:php-7.0.0alpha1 wangtom$ /usr/local/php7/bin/php -v
PHP 7.0.0alpha1 (cli) (built: Jun 20 2015 00:04:19)
Copyright (c) 1997-2015 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.0.0-dev, Copyright (c) 1998-2015 Zend Technologies

Mac-mini:~ WangTom$ sudo ln -s /usr/local/php7/bin/php /usr/bin/php7

Mac-mini:~ WangTom$ php -v
PHP 5.5.20 (cli) (built: Feb 25 2015 23:30:53)
Copyright (c) 1997-2014 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v2.5.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2014 Zend Technologies

Mac-mini:~ WangTom$ php7 -v
PHP 7.0.0alpha1 (cli) (built: Jun 23 2015 17:24:34)
Copyright (c) 1997-2015 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.0.0-dev, Copyright (c) 1998-2015 Zend Technologies

Mac-mini:php-fpm.d WangTom$ which php
/usr/bin/php
Mac-mini:php-fpm.d WangTom$ which php7
/usr/bin/php7

### 配置PHP-FPM： 

Nginx不支持對外部程序的直接調用或者解析，全部的外部程序（包括PHP）必須經過FastCGI接口來調用。
PHP-FPM是一個PHP FastCGI管理器,新版的PHP已經集成了php-fpm，在./configure的時候帶 –enable-fpm參數便可開啓PHP-FPM.
FPM (FastCGI Process Manager) is an alternative PHP FastCGI implementation with some additional features (mostly) useful for heavy-loaded sites.

啓動 PHP-FPM:

Mac-mini:php7 WangTom$ /usr/local/php7/sbin/php-fpm
[23-Jun-2015 15:33:01] WARNING: Nothing matches the include pattern '/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf' from /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf at line 125.
[23-Jun-2015 15:33:01] ERROR: failed to open error_log (/usr/local/php7/var/log/php-fpm.log): Permission denied (13)
[23-Jun-2015 15:33:01] ERROR: failed to post process the configuration
[23-Jun-2015 15:33:01] ERROR: FPM initialization failed

提示錯誤說/usr/local/php7/var/log/php-fpm.log 沒權限，就給777權限：
$ chmod 777 /usr/local/php7/var/log/

修改 php-fpm 配置文件：
$ cd /usr/local/php7/etc/
$ cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
$ vim php-fpm.conf
  > 打開 error_log這一行的註釋，默認該項被註釋掉，若不修改會出現提示log文件路徑不存在
  > error_log = /usr/local/php7/var/log/php-fpm.log 
  > 打開inclue這一行的註釋
  > include=/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf

修改 /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf 文件：
若是這個文件不存在,就從default複製一份：
$ cd /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/
$ cp www.conf.default www.conf
將配置文件中的 user 和 group 部分的 nobody 改爲 www:
$ vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
  > user  = www  
  > group = www  

開始啓動 php-fpm：

Mac-mini:php-7.0.0alpha1 WangTom$ /usr/local/php7/sbin/php-fpm
[23-Jun-2015 18:30:48] NOTICE: [pool www] 'user' directive is ignored when FPM is not running as root
[23-Jun-2015 18:30:48] NOTICE: [pool www] 'group' directive is ignored when FPM is not running as root
[23-Jun-2015 18:30:48] ERROR: unable to bind listening socket for address '127.0.0.1:9000': Address already in use (48)
[23-Jun-2015 18:30:48] ERROR: FPM initialization failed

這個錯誤問題有兩個：(1)沒有使用root帳戶執行啓動命令 (2)端口9000被佔用
解決方法：
使用root帳戶執行php-fpm啓動，或 sudo /usr/local/php7/sbin/php-fpm  
關閉 PHP-fpm, 並從新啓動：

Mac-mini:~ WangTom$ lsof -P | grep ':9000' | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9
Mac-mini:php-7.0.0alpha1 WangTom$ /usr/local/php7/sbin/php-fpm -t
[23-Jun-2015 18:30:25] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful
Mac-mini:~ WangTom$ sudo /usr/local/php7/sbin/php-fpm
Mac-mini:~ WangTom$

修改Nginx 配置： 
在 nginx.conf 配置文件server 部分增長fastcgi配置，並從新加載配置文件：

Mac-mini:~ WangTom$ sudo vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

location ~ .php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}

Mac-mini:~ WangTom$ sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
Mac-mini:~ WangTom$ sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
Mac-mini:~ WangTom$
```

用到的一些命令：

uname: 用來獲取電腦和操做系統的相關信息
sw_vers: Mac下查看系統版本信息
lsof: 列出當前系統打開文件（list open files）
which: 指令會在環境變量$PATH設置的目錄裏查找符合條件的文件

參考連接：

• http://php.net/archive/2015.php#id2015-06-11-3
• http://www.hashbangcode.com/blog/compiling-and-installing-php7-ubuntu

[END]