轉自:http://467754239.blog.51cto.com/4878013/1700828html
大綱:java
1、簡介node
2、Logstashpython
3、Redislinux
4、Elasticsearchc++
5、Kinabagit
1、簡介github
一、核心組成web
ELK由Elasticsearch、Logstash和Kibana三部分組件組成;redis
Elasticsearch是個開源分佈式搜索引擎,它的特色有:分佈式,零配置,自動發現,索引自動分片,索引副本機制,restful風格接口,多數據源,自動搜索負載等。
Logstash是一個徹底開源的工具,它能夠對你的日誌進行收集、分析,並將其存儲供之後使用
kibana 是一個開源和免費的工具,它能夠爲 Logstash 和 ElasticSearch 提供的日誌分析友好的 Web 界面,能夠幫助您彙總、分析和搜索重要數據日誌。
二、四大組件
Logstash: logstash server端用來蒐集日誌;
Elasticsearch: 存儲各種日誌;
Kibana: web化接口用做查尋和可視化日誌;
Logstash Forwarder: logstash client端用來經過lumberjack 網絡協議發送日誌到logstash server;
三、ELK工做流程
在須要收集日誌的全部服務上部署logstash,做爲logstash agent(logstash shipper)用於監控並過濾收集日誌,將過濾後的內容發送到Redis,而後logstash indexer將日誌收集在一塊兒交給全文搜索服務ElasticSearch,能夠用ElasticSearch進行自定義搜索經過Kibana 來結合自定義搜索進行頁面展現。
四、ELK的幫助手冊
ELK官網:https://www.elastic.co/
ELK官網文檔:https://www.elastic.co/guide/index.html
ELK中文手冊:http://kibana.logstash.es/content/elasticsearch/monitor/logging.html
註釋
ELK有兩種安裝方式
(1)集成環境:Logstash有一個集成包,裏面包括了其全套的三個組件;也就是安裝一個集成包。
(2)獨立環境:三個組件分別單獨安裝、運行、各司其職。(比較經常使用)
本實驗也以第二種方式獨立環境來進行演示;單機版主機地址爲:192.168.1.104
2、Logstash
一、安裝jdk
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Logstash的運行依賴於Java運行環境。
# yum -y install java-1.8.0
# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_51"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_51-b16)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.51-b03, mixed mode)
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二、安裝logstash
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# wget https://download.elastic.co/logstash/logstash/logstash-1.5.4.tar.gz
# tar zxf logstash-1.5.4.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
配置logstash的環境變量
# echo "export PATH=\$PATH:/usr/local/logstash-1.5.4/bin" > /etc/profile.d/logstash.sh
# . /etc/profile
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三、logstash經常使用參數
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-e :指定logstash的配置信息,能夠用於快速測試;
-f :指定logstash的配置文件;能夠用於生產環境;
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四、啓動logstash
4.1 經過-e參數指定logstash的配置信息,用於快速測試,直接輸出到屏幕。
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# logstash -e "input {stdin{}} output {stdout{}}"
my name is zhengyansheng. // 手動輸入後回車,等待10秒後會有返回結果
Logstash startup completed
2015-10-08T13:55:50.660Z 0.0.0.0 my name is zhengyansheng.
這種輸出是直接原封不動的返回...
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4.2 經過-e參數指定logstash的配置信息,用於快速測試,以json格式輸出到屏幕。
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# logstash -e 'input{stdin{}}output{stdout{codec=>rubydebug}}'
my name is zhengyansheng. // 手動輸入後回車,等待10秒後會有返回結果
Logstash startup completed
{
"message" => "my name is zhengyansheng." ,
"@version" => "1" ,
"@timestamp" => "2015-10-08T13:57:31.851Z" ,
"host" => "0.0.0.0"
}
這種輸出是以json格式的返回...
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五、logstash以配置文件方式啓動
5.1 輸出信息到屏幕
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# vim logstash-simple.conf
input { stdin {} }
output {
stdout { codec=> rubydebug }
}
# logstash -f logstash-simple.conf //普通方式啓動
Logstash startup completed
# logstash agent -f logstash-simple.conf --verbose //開啓debug模式
Pipeline started {:level=>:info}
Logstash startup completed
hello world. // 手動輸入hello world.
{
"message" => "hello world." ,
"@version" => "1" ,
"@timestamp" => "2015-10-08T14:01:43.724Z" ,
"host" => "0.0.0.0"
}
效果同命令行配置參數同樣...
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5.2 logstash輸出信息存儲到redis數據庫中
剛纔咱們是將信息直接顯示在屏幕上了,如今咱們將logstash的輸出信息保存到redis數據庫中,以下
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前提是本地(192.168.1.104)有redis數據庫,那麼下一步咱們就是安裝redis數據庫.
# cat logstash_to_redis.conf
input { stdin { } }
output {
stdout { codec => rubydebug }
redis {
host => '192.168.1.104'
data_type => 'list'
key => 'logstash:redis'
}
}
若是提示Failed to send event to Redis,表示鏈接Redis失敗或者沒有安裝,請檢查...
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六、 查看logstash的監聽端口號
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# logstash agent -f logstash_to_redis.conf --verbose
# netstat -tnlp |grep java
tcp 0 0 :::9301 :::* LISTEN 1326 /java
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3、Redis
一、安裝Redis
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wget http: //download .redis.io /releases/redis-2 .8.19. tar .gz
yum install tcl -y
tar zxf redis-2.8.19. tar .gz
cd redis-2.8.19
make MALLOC=libc
make test // 這一步時間會稍久點...
make install
cd utils/
. /install_server .sh // 腳本執行後,全部選項都以默認參數爲準便可
Welcome to the redis service installer
This script will help you easily set up a running redis server
Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379]
Selecting default: 6379
Please select the redis config file name [ /etc/redis/6379 .conf]
Selected default - /etc/redis/6379 .conf
Please select the redis log file name [ /var/log/redis_6379 .log]
Selected default - /var/log/redis_6379 .log
Please select the data directory for this instance [ /var/lib/redis/6379 ]
Selected default - /var/lib/redis/6379
Please select the redis executable path [ /usr/local/bin/redis-server ]
Selected config:
Port : 6379
Config file : /etc/redis/6379 .conf
Log file : /var/log/redis_6379 .log
Data dir : /var/lib/redis/6379
Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-server
Cli Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-cli
Is this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort.
Copied /tmp/6379 .conf => /etc/init .d /redis_6379
Installing service...
Successfully added to chkconfig!
Successfully added to runlevels 345!
Starting Redis server...
Installation successful!
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二、查看redis的監控端口
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# netstat -tnlp |grep redis
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3843 /redis-server *
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:21365 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2290 /src/redis-serv
tcp 0 0 :::6379 :::* LISTEN 3843 /redis-server *
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三、測試redis是否正常工做
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# cd redis-2.8.19/src/
# ./redis-cli -h 192.168.1.104 -p 6379 //鏈接redis
192.168.1.104:6379> ping
PONG
192.168.1.104:6379> set name zhengyansheng
OK
192.168.1.104:6379> get name
"zhengyansheng"
192.168.1.104:6379> quit
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四、redis服務啓動命令
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# ps -ef |grep redis
root 3963 1 0 08:42 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/bin/redis-server *:6379
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五、redis的動態監控
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# cd redis-2.8.19/src/
# ./redis-cli monitor //reids動態監控
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六、logstash結合redis工做
6.1 首先確認redis服務是啓動的
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# netstat -tnlp |grep redis
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3843 /redis-server *
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:21365 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2290 /src/redis-serv
tcp 0 0 :::6379 :::* LISTEN 3843 /redis-server *
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6.2 啓動redis動態監控
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# cd redis-2.8.19/src/
# ./redis-cli monitor
OK
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6.3 基於入口redis啓動logstash
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# cat logstash_to_redis.conf
input { stdin { } }
output {
stdout { codec => rubydebug }
redis {
host => '192.168.1.104'
data_type => 'list'
key => 'logstash:redis'
}
}
# logstash agent -f logstash_to_redis.conf --verbose
Pipeline started {:level=>:info}
Logstash startup completed
dajihao linux
{
"message" => "dajihao linux" ,
"@version" => "1" ,
"@timestamp" => "2015-10-08T14:42:07.550Z" ,
"host" => "0.0.0.0"
}
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6.4 查看redis的監控接口上的輸出
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# ./redis-cli monitor
OK
1444315328.103928 [0 192.168.1.104:56211] "rpush" "logstash:redis" "{\"message\":\"dajihao linux\",\"@version\":\"1\",\"@timestamp\":\"2015-10-08T14:42:07.550Z\",\"host\":\"0.0.0.0\"}"
若是redis的監控上也有以上信息輸出,代表logstash和redis的結合是正常的。
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4、Elasticsearch
一、安裝Elasticsearch
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# wget https://download.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-1.7.2.tar.gz
# tar zxf elasticsearch-1.7.2.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
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二、修改elasticsearch配置文件elasticsearch.yml而且作如下修改.
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# vim /usr/local/elasticsearch-1.7.2/config/elasticsearch.yml
discovery.zen. ping .multicast.enabled: false #關閉廣播,若是局域網有機器開9300 端口,服務會啓動不了
network.host: 192.168.1.104 #指定主機地址,實際上是可選的,可是最好指定由於後面跟kibana集成的時候會報http鏈接出錯(直觀體現好像是監聽了:::9200 而不是0.0.0.0:9200)
http.cors.allow-origin: "/.*/"
http.cors.enabled: true #這2項都是解決跟kibana集成的問題,錯誤體現是 你的 elasticsearch 版本太低,其實不是
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三、啓動elasticsearch服務
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# /usr/local/elasticsearch-1.7.2/bin/elasticsearch #日誌會輸出到stdout
# /usr/local/elasticsearch-1.7.2/bin/elasticsearch -d #表示以daemon的方式啓動
# nohup /usr/local/elasticsearch-1.7.2/bin/elasticsearch > /var/log/logstash.log 2>&1 &
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四、查看elasticsearch的監聽端口
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# netstat -tnlp |grep java
tcp 0 0 :::9200 :::* LISTEN 7407 /java
tcp 0 0 :::9300 :::* LISTEN 7407 /java
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五、elasticsearch和logstash結合
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將logstash的信息輸出到elasticsearch中
# cat logstash-elasticsearch.conf
input { stdin {} }
output {
elasticsearch { host => "192.168.1.104" }
stdout { codec=> rubydebug }
}
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六、基於配置文件啓動logstash
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# /usr/local/logstash-1.5.4/bin/logstash agent -f logstash-elasticsearch.conf
Pipeline started {:level=>:info}
Logstash startup completed
python linux java c++ // 手動輸入
{
"message" => "python linux java c++" ,
"@version" => "1" ,
"@timestamp" => "2015-10-08T14:51:56.899Z" ,
"host" => "0.0.0.0"
}
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七、curl命令發送請求來查看elasticsearch是否接收到了數據
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# curl http://localhost:9200/_search?pretty
{
"took" : 28,
"timed_out" : false ,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 1,
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [ {
"_index" : "logstash-2015.10.08" ,
"_type" : "logs" ,
"_id" : "AVBH7-6MOwimSJSPcXjb" ,
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" :{ "message" : "python linux java c++" , "@version" : "1" , "@timestamp" : "2015-10-08T14:51:56.899Z" , "host" : "0.0.0.0" }
} ]
}
}
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八、安裝elasticsearch插件
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#Elasticsearch-kopf插件能夠查詢Elasticsearch中的數據,安裝elasticsearch-kopf,只要在你安裝Elasticsearch的目錄中執行如下命令便可:
# cd /usr/local/elasticsearch-1.7.2/bin/
# ./plugin install lmenezes/elasticsearch-kopf
-> Installing lmenezes /elasticsearch-kopf ...
Trying https: //github .com /lmenezes/elasticsearch-kopf/archive/master .zip...
Downloading .............................................................................................
Installed lmenezes /elasticsearch-kopf into /usr/local/elasticsearch-1 .7.2 /plugins/kopf
執行插件安裝後會提示失敗,頗有多是網絡等狀況...
-> Installing lmenezes /elasticsearch-kopf ...
Trying https: //github .com /lmenezes/elasticsearch-kopf/archive/master .zip...
Failed to install lmenezes /elasticsearch-kopf , reason: failed to download out of all possible locations..., use --verbose to get detailed information
解決辦法就是手動下載該軟件,不經過插件安裝命令...
cd /usr/local/elasticsearch-1 .7.2 /plugins
wget https: //github .com /lmenezes/elasticsearch-kopf/archive/master .zip
unzip master.zip
mv elasticsearch-kopf-master kopf
以上操做就徹底等價於插件的安裝命令
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九、瀏覽器訪問kopf頁面訪問elasticsearch保存的數據
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# netstat -tnlp |grep java
tcp 0 0 :::9200 :::* LISTEN 7969 /java
tcp 0 0 :::9300 :::* LISTEN 7969 /java
tcp 0 0 :::9301 :::* LISTEN 8015 /java
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十、從redis數據庫中讀取而後輸出到elasticsearch中
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# cat logstash-redis.conf
input {
redis {
host => '192.168.1.104' # 我方便測試沒有指定password,最好指定password
data_type => 'list'
port => "6379"
key => 'logstash:redis' #自定義
type => 'redis-input' #自定義
}
}
output {
elasticsearch {
host => "192.168.1.104"
codec => "json"
protocol => "http" #版本1.0+ 必須指定協議http
}
}
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5、Kinaba
一、安裝Kinaba
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# wget https://download.elastic.co/kibana/kibana/kibana-4.1.2-linux-x64.tar.gz
# tar zxf kibana-4.1.2-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
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二、修改kinaba配置文件kinaba.yml
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# vim /usr/local/kibana- 4.1 . 2 -linux-x64/config/kibana.yml
elasticsearch_url: "http://192.168.1.104:9200"
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三、啓動kinaba
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/usr/local/kibana-4 .1.2-linux-x64 /bin/kibana
輸出如下信息,代表kinaba成功.
{ "name" : "Kibana" , "hostname" : "localhost.localdomain" , "pid" :1943, "level" :30, "msg" : "No existing kibana index found" , "time" : "2015-10-08T00:39:21.617Z" , "v" :0}
{ "name" : "Kibana" , "hostname" : "localhost.localdomain" , "pid" :1943, "level" :30, "msg" : "Listening on 0.0.0.0:5601" , "time" : "2015-10-08T00:39:21.637Z" , "v" :0}
kinaba默認監聽在本地的5601端口上
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四、瀏覽器訪問kinaba
4.1 使用默認的logstash-*的索引名稱,而且是基於時間的,點擊「Create」便可。
4.2 看到以下界面說明索引建立完成。
4.3 點擊「Discover」,能夠搜索和瀏覽Elasticsearch中的數據。
>>>結束<<<
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一、ELK默認端口號
elasticsearch:9200 9300
logstash : 9301
kinaba : 5601
二、錯誤彙總
(1)java版本太低
[2015-10-07 18:39:18.071] WARN -- Concurrent: [DEPRECATED] Java 7 is deprecated, please use Java 8.
(2)Kibana提示Elasticsearch版本太低...
This version of Kibana requires Elasticsearch 2.0.0 or higher on all nodes. I found the following incompatible nodes in your cluster:
Elasticsearch v1.7.2 @ inet[ /192 .168.1.104:9200] (127.0.0.1)
解決辦法:
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