第14章練習，shell腳本編程實例-1
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shell
https://blog.51cto.com/13683480/2095439centos
1，編寫腳本/root/bin/createuser.sh，實現以下功能：使用一個用戶名作爲參數，若是指定參數的用戶存在，就顯示其存在，不然添加之；顯示添加的用戶的id號等信息數組
if [ -z "$1" ]; then
echo no argument
exit 1
elif id "$1" &> /dev/null ;then
echo usre "$1" is already exisit
exit 2
elif useradd "$1" &> /dev/null ;then
echo "$!"abc | passwd --stdin "$1" &> /dev/null
ID=$(id -u "$1")
HD=$(getent passwd|grep "$1" |cut -d: -f6)
echo -e "user ${1} is add.\nUID:${ID}\nPASSWORD:${1}abc\nHOMEDIR:${HD}"
exit 0
else
echo user name is illegal
exit 3
fi
執行結果：bash
二、編寫腳本/root/bin/yesorno.sh，提示用戶輸入yes或no,並判斷用戶輸入的是yes仍是no,或是其它信息網絡
read -t 10 -p "please input you answer. yes or no? : " ANS if [ -z "$ANS" ]; then echo "I can't here anything" exit 1 fi case $ANS in [yY]|[yY][eE][Ss]) echo your answer is yes exit 0 ;; [nN]|[nN][oO]) echo your answer is no exit 0 ;; *) echo "I don't understand you" exit 1 esac
執行結果：socket
三、 編寫腳本/root/bin/filetype.sh,判斷用戶輸入文件路徑，顯示其文件類型（普通，目錄，連接，其它文件類型）ide
if [ -z "$1" ]; then echo there must be a filename argument exit 1 elif [ ! -e "$1" ]; then echo no such file exit 1 elif [ -d "$1" ]; then echo directory file exit 0 elif [ -L "$1" ]; then echo link file exit 0 elif [ -f "$1" ]; then echo normal file exit 0 else echo other file exit 0 fi
執行結果：函數
四、編寫腳本/root/bin/checkint.sh,判斷用戶輸入的參數是否爲正整數 學習
[ -z "$1" ] && echo no argument && exit 1 if [[ "$1" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] ; then echo int number case $1 in *1|*3|*5|*7|*9) echo and its an Odd number exit 0 ;; *2|*4|*6|*8|*0) echo and its an Even number exit 0 ;; *) echo unkown error exit 1 ;; esac else echo not int number exit 1 fi
額外增長了判斷奇數仍是偶數的功能，不過不能判斷負數
執行結果：
五、用for循環，編寫一個腳本統計一下 /dev/下每種文件類型的文件分別有多少個，將結果打印出來。
declare -i cf=0
declare -i bf=0
declare -i df=0
declare -i lf=0
declare -i sf=0
declare -i pf=0
declare -i ff=0
declare -i of=0
[ -d "$1" ] || { echo putin a dir be argument;exit 1; }
for i in $1/* ;do
#for j in $(ls $1);do
#declare i=/dev/$j
if [ -c "$i" ];then
#echo $i is en character file
let cf++
elif [ -b "$i" ];then
#echo $i is a block file
let bf++
elif [ -d "$i" ];then
#echo $i is a directory file
let df++
elif [ -L "$i" ];then
#echo $i is a link file
let lf++
elif [ -s "$i" ];then
#echo $i is a socket file
let sf++
elif [ -p "$i" ];then
#echo $i is a piping file
let pf++
elif [ -f "$i" ];then
#echo $i is a numal file
let ff++
else
#echo $i is other file
let of++
fi
done
let total=cf+bf+df+lf+sf+pf+ff+of
echo -e "tomal file number:\t $total "
echo -e "character file number:\t $cf "
echo -e "block file number:\t $bf "
echo -e "dir file number:\t $df "
echo -e "link file number:\t $lf "
echo -e "socket file number:\t $sf"
echo -e "piping file number:\t $pf"
echo -e "nomal file number:\t $ff"
echo -e "other file number:\t $of"
支持參數傳遞要查詢的目錄，不指定/var
執行結果：
六、添加10個用戶user1-user10，密碼爲8位隨機字符
for i in user{1..10};do
if id $i &>/dev/null;then
echo $i is exist
else
useradd $i &>/dev/null
pass=$(openssl rand -base64 20|tr -dc [[:alpha:]]|cut -c1-8)
echo $pass |passwd --stdin "$i" &>/dev/null
echo user $i is add,password is: $pass
fi
done
執行結果：
附帶刪除腳本：
for i in user{1..10};do
userdel -r $i &>/dev/null
echo user $i is del
done
執行結果：
七、/etc/rc.d/rc3.d目錄下分別有多個以K開頭和以S開頭的文件；分別讀取每一個文件， 以K開頭的輸出爲文件加stop，以S開頭的輸出爲文件名加start，如K34filename stop S66filename start
for i in `ls /etc/rc.d/rc3.d`;do if [[ "$i" =~ ^K.* ]];then echo -e "$i \t\tstop" elif [[ "$i" =~ ^S.* ]]; then echo -e "$i \t\tstart" else echo -d "$i \t\tother" fi done
執行結果，centos6上效果明顯一點，太晚了不想再開機了。。
八、編寫腳本，提示輸入正整數n的值，計算1+2+…+n的總和
[[ "$1" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] || { echo no number; exit 1; }
bite=$(echo $1 |grep -o [0-9]|wc -l)
if [ $bite -gt 6 ];then
echo too big number
exit 1
fi
declare -i sum=0
for i in $(seq 1 $1);do
let sum=sum+i
done
echo sum=$sum
unset sum
執行結果：
九、計算100之內全部能被3整除的整數之和
declare -i sum=0 declare -i i=1 while [ "$i" -le 100 ];do let sum+=i let i+=2 done echo sum=$sum
執行結果：
十、編寫腳本，提示請輸入網絡地址，如192.168.0.0，判斷輸入的網段中主機在線狀態、
while true; do
read -t 60 -p "input the network number: " netnum
if [[ $netnum =~ ^(([1-9]?[0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\.){3}0$ ]];then
break
else
echo wrong network number
fi
done
last=$(echo $netnum|cut -d'.' -f3)
declare -i up=0
declare -i down=0
if [ $last != 0 ];then
net=$(echo $netnum|cut -d'.' -f1-3)
for i in {1..255};do
j=${net}.$i
{ if ping -c1 -w1 $j &>/dev/null;then
echo host $j is up
let up++
else
#echo host $j is down
let down++
fi; } &
done
wait
#echo
#echo -e "uphost number is:\t $up"
#echo -e "downhost number is:\t $down"
else
second=$(echo $netnum |cut -d'.' -f2)
if [ $second = 0 ];then
echo I cant do this. Its a too much big network
exit 2
else
net=$(echo $netnum |cut -d'.' -f1-2)
for i in `seq 0 255`;do
j=${net}.$i
for k in `seq 0 255`;do
{ h=${j}.$k
if ping -c1 -w1 $h &>/dev/null;then
echo host $h is up
let up++
else
#echo host $h is dowm
let down++
fi; } &
done
wait
done
#echo
#echo -e "uphost number is:\t $up"
#echo -e "downhost number is:\t $down"
fi
fi
使用了並行執行，增長了測試效率，可是沒法統計total，如須要統計totol 或者順序顯示，去掉並行執行，開啓計數便可
執行結果：
十一、打印九九乘法表
for i in {1..9};do
for j in `seq $i`;do
let h=j*i
echo -e "${j}x${i}=${h}\t\c"
done
echo
done
執行結果：使用while或者until循環均可以，就不單獨演示了
十二、在/testdir目錄下建立10個html文件,文件名格式爲數字N（從1到10）加隨機8個字母，如：1AbCdeFgH.html
for i in {1..10};do
kk=$(openssl rand -base64 20|tr -dc [[:alpha:]]|cut -c1-8)
touch /data/testdir/"$i""$kk".html
done
執行結果：
1三、打印等腰三角形
while true;do read -t 30 -p "input the base length 2-50: " high if [[ "$high" =~ ^[1-9]?[0-9]$ ]] && [ "$high" -ge 2 -a "$high" -lt 51 ];then break else echo wrong number fi done declare color for i in `seq $high`;do let space=high-i let prin=2*i-1 for j in `seq $space`;do echo -e " \c" done for k in `seq $prin`;do echo -e "\033[1;$[$RANDOM%7+31]m*\c" done for l in `seq $space`;do echo -e " \c" done echo done
執行結果：增長了顏色顯示
1四、編寫腳本，利用變量RANDOM生成10個隨機數字，輸出這個10數字，並顯示其中的最大值和最小值
while true;do read -t 30 -p "input the base length 2-50: " high if [[ "$high" =~ ^[1-9]?[0-9]$ ]] && [ "$high" -ge 2 -a "$high" -lt 51 ];then break else echo wrong number fi done declare color for i in `seq $high`;do let space=high-i let prin=2*i-1 for j in `seq $space`;do echo -e " \c" done for k in `seq $prin`;do echo -e "\033[1;$[$RANDOM%7+31]m*\c" done for l in `seq $space`;do echo -e " \c" done echo done
執行結果：
也能夠基於數組實現：
declare -i max
declare -i min
for ((i=0;i<=9;i++));do
num[$i]=$RANDOM
if [ $i = 0 ];then
let max=${num[$i]}
let min=${num[$i]}
else
if [ ${num[$i]} -gt $max ];then
let max=${num[$i]}
elif [ ${num[$i]} -lt $min ];then
let min=${num[$i]}
fi
fi
done
echo ${num[@]}
echo the max number is: $max
echo the min number is: $min
執行結果：
1五、編寫腳本，實現打印國際象棋棋盤
### level=1
i=1
while [ $i -le 4 ];do
j=1;k=1
while [ $j -le 4 ];do
echo -e "\033[49m \033[0m\033[47m \033[0m\c"
let j++
done
echo
while [ $k -le 4 ];do
echo -e "\033[47m \033[0m\033[49m \033[0m\c"
let k++
done
echo
let i++
done
###
echo
echo this is level 1
echo
echo
#### level=2
#
declare -i s
while true;do
read -p "choose the level 1-9: " s
if [[ "$s" =~ ^[1-9]$ ]] &>/dev/null ;then
break
else
echo wrong number
fi
done
PS3="choose the first color(1-8): "
select manu in red green yellow blue voilet light-blue white black;do
case $manu in
red)
echo you have choose the $manu be the first color
break
;;
green)
echo you have choose the $manu be the first color
break
;;
yellow)
echo you have choose the $manu be the first color
break
;;
blue)
echo you have choose the $manu be the first color
break
;;
voilet)
echo you have choose the $manu be the first color
break
;;
light-blue)
echo you have choose the $manu be the first color
break
;;
white)
echo you have choose the $manu be the first color
break
;;
black)
echo you have choose the $manu be the first color
break
;;
*)
echo i cant hera you
esac
done
first=$REPLY
PS3="choose the second color(1-8): "
select manu in red green yellow blue voilet light-blue white black;do
case $manu in
red)
echo you have choose the $manu be the second color
break
;;
green)
echo you have choose the $manu be the second color
break
;;
yellow)
echo you have choose the $manu be the second color
break
;;
blue)
echo you have choose the $manu be the second color
break
;;
voilet)
echo you have choose the $manu be the second color
break
;;
light-blue)
echo you have choose the $manu be the second color
break
;;
white)
echo you have choose the $manu be the second color
break
;;
black)
echo you have choose the $manu be the second color
break
;;
*)
echo i cant hera you
esac
done
second=$REPLY
let color1=40+first
let color2=40+second
#### while code
i=1
while [ $i -le 4 ];do
j=1;while [ $j -le $s ];do
k=1;while [ $k -le 4 ];do
m=1;n=1
while [ $m -le $s ];do
echo -e "\033[${color1}m \033[0m\c"
let m++
done
while [ $n -le $s ];do
echo -e "\033[${color2}m \033[0m\c"
let n++
done
let k++
done
echo
let j++
done
j=1;while [ $j -le $s ];do
k=1;while [ $k -le 4 ];do
m=1;n=1
while [ $m -le $s ];do
echo -e "\033[${color2}m \033[0m\c"
let m++
done
while [ $n -le $s ];do
echo -e "\033[${color1}m \033[0m\c"
let n++
done
let k++
done
echo
let j++
done
let i++
done
##ending
生成了2次菜單，能夠考慮函數複用
執行結果：
1六、後續六個字符串：efbaf275cd、4be9c40b8b、44b2395c4六、f8c8873ce0、b902c16c8b、ad865d2f63是經過對隨機數變量RANDOM隨機
執行命令： echo $RANDOM|md5sum|cut –c1-10 後的結果，請破解字符串對應的RANDOM值
i=1;while [ $# != 0 ];do j=1;while true ;do num=$(echo $j |md5sum |cut -c1-10) if [ $num = $1 ];then break else let j++ fi done echo $1:$j shift done
執行結果：參數仍是須要手工輸入，如過多，能夠考慮寫入文件以後使用while循環讀取
1七、每隔3秒鐘到系統上獲取已經登陸的用戶的信息；若是發現用戶hacker登陸，則將登陸時間和主機記錄於日誌/var/log/login.log中,並退出腳本
if [ -z $1 ];then echo no argument exit 1 else if id $1 &> /dev/null ;then if who |grep $1 &>/dev/null;then echo user $1 is already running exit 3 fi else echo no such user exit 2 fi fi while true;do sleep 3 if who |grep $1 &>/dev/null;then echo "`date +%F-%T`: user $1 is login ">> /var/log/login.log exit fi done
執行結果：
執行命令
登陸hello帳號：
發現命令已終止，查看日誌已記錄登陸
1八、隨機生成10之內的數字，實現猜字遊戲，提示比較大或小，相等則退出
declare num=$[$RANDOM%191+9] declare -i time=0 while true ;do read -p "input a number 9-199: " ans let time+=1 if [[ ! $ans =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]];then continue elif [ $ans -gt $num ];then echo too big elif [ $ans -lt $num ];then echo too small else break fi if [ $time -ge 10 ];then echo times out,the right number is $num exit 1 fi done echo binngo,the right number is $num
執行結果：
執行結果2
1九、用文件名作爲參數，統計全部參數文件的總行數
declare -i sum=0 until [ $# = 0 ];do if [ -f $1 ];then let sum+=$(cat $1|wc -l) else echo $1 is not found or wrong type file fi shift done echo echo the totalline is : $sum
執行結果
20、用二個以上的數字爲參數，顯示其中的最大值和最小值
if [ $# -lt 2 ];then echo at least 2 argument exit 1 fi declare -i big declare -i small declare -i fir=$# until [ $# = 0 ];do if [[ ! "$1" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]];then echo wrong number $1 exit fi if [ $fir = $# ];then let big=$1 let small=$1 else if [ $1 -gt $big ];then let big=$1 elif [ $1 -lt $small ];then let small=$1 fi fi shift done echo the biggest number is : $big echo the smallest unmber is: $small
執行結果：
2一、編寫腳本，實現2進制數與10進制數的轉換
if [ "$1" = 2 -o "$1" = 10 ] && [[ "$2" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]];then : else echo wrong argument exit 1 fi if [ "$1" = 10 ]; then ##check the $2 is or not too big bite=$(echo "$2"|grep -o '[0-9]'|wc -l) if [ "$bite" -gt 19 ];then echo too big number "$2" exit 2 fi ##Computing unit code declare -i x="$2" declare y while [ "$x" -gt 1 ];do gem=$[$x%2] x=$[x/2] y=$gem$y done y=$x$y echo $y fi ##ending 1 if [ "$1" = 2 ];then ##check the $2 is or not too big bite=$(echo "$2"|grep -o '[0-9]'|wc -l) if [ "$bite" -gt 63 ];then echo too big number "$2" exit 2 fi ##Computing unit code ##include judge the $2 is or not a Binary number y=0 let x=$bite-1 b=$x for i in $(seq "$b") ;do j=$(echo "$2"|cut -c $i) if [ $j -gt 1 ];then echo "$2" is not a Binary number. exit 3 else y=$[j*2**x+y] let x-- fi done last=$(echo "$2"|cut -c "$bite") if [ "$last" -gt 1 ];then echo "$2" is not a Binary number. exit 3 else let y=y+last echo $y fi fi ##ending 2
補充說明：給定2個參數，參數1爲「2」則表示參數2須要爲2進制數，須要轉換成10進制
若是參數1 爲「10」則表示參數2爲10進制數，須要轉化成2進制
實際測試，發現shell最大支持計算值爲2^64次方，因此二級數超過64位以上提示報錯
執行結果1
執行結果2
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