RPM方式安裝MySQL5.6

1、檢查MySQL及相關RPM包，是否安裝，若是有安裝，則移除（rpm –e 名稱）

 [root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

 mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64

 [root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove mysql-libs*

 

2、下載Linux對應的RPM包，如：CentOS6.4_64對應的RPM包，以下：

 [root@localhost rpm]# ll

 total 74364

 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18442536 Dec 11 20:19 MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root  3340660 Dec 11 20:06 MySQL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 54360600 Dec 11 20:03 MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

3、安裝MySQL

 [root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

 [root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

 [root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

 #修改配置文件位置

 [root@localhost rpm]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

 

4、初始化MySQL及設置密碼

安裝mysql數據庫後，/usr/local/mysql/data下沒有數據，致使數據庫沒法啓動，因此須要初始化數據庫

 

執行如下腳本：

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

註釋：該腳本爲perl腳本，須要有perl

該腳本將自動生成MySQL所須要

 

[root@localhost rpm]# service mysql start

[root@localhost rpm]# cat /root/.mysql_secret  #查看root帳號密碼

 

# The random password set for the root user at Wed Dec 11 23:32:50 2013 (local time): qKTaFZnl

 [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot –pqKTaFZnl

 mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');    #設置密碼爲123456

 mysql> exit

 [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456

 

5、容許遠程登錄

 

 mysql> use mysql;

 mysql> select host,user,password from user;

 +-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+

 | host                  | user | password                                  |

 +-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+

 | localhost             | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |

 | localhost.localdomain | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |

 | 127.0.0.1             | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |

 | ::1                   | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |

 +-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+

 

 mysql> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';

 mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';

 mysql> flush privileges;

 mysql> exit

 

6、設置開機自啓動

 [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig mysql on

 [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql

 mysql           0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

 

7、MySQL的默認安裝位置

 

 /var/lib/mysql/               #數據庫目錄

 /usr/share/mysql              #配置文件目錄

 /usr/bin                     #相關命令目錄

 /etc/init.d/mysql              #啓動腳本

 

8、修改字符集和數據存儲路徑

配置/etc/my.cnf文件,修改數據存放路徑、mysql.sock路徑以及默認編碼utf-8.

[client] 

 password        = 123456 

 port            = 3306 

 default-character-set=utf8 

 [mysqld] 

 port            = 3306 

 character_set_server=utf8 

 character_set_client=utf8 

 collation-server=utf8_general_ci 

 # 注意linux下mysql安裝完後是默認：

表名區分大小寫，列名不區分大小寫； 0：區分大小寫，1：不區分大小寫

 lower_case_table_names=1 

 #(設置最大鏈接數，默認爲 151，MySQL服務器容許的最大鏈接數16384; ) 

 max_connections=1000 

 [mysql] 

 default-character-set = utf8 

九、擴展

忘記密碼，跳過密碼認證登陸

一、關閉進程

Service mysql stop

二、執行如下命令跳過密碼認證

[root@maomao mysql]# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &

[1] 28804

[root@maomao mysql]# 180424 02:29:27 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/lib/mysql/maomao.err'.

180424 02:29:27 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql

三、在另外一個窗口免密碼登陸

[root@maomao mysql]# mysql -u root

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 1

Server version: 5.6.15 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

 

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

 

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

 

mysql>

 

四、修改密碼

mysql> update mysql.user set password=PASSWORD('123456') where user='root';

Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 4  Changed: 4  Warnings: 0