隨着iOS 13的發佈,公司的項目也勢必要着手適配了。現彙總一下iOS 13的各類坑html
此次iOS 13系統升級,影響範圍最廣的應屬KVC訪問修改私有屬性了,直接禁止開發者獲取或直接設置私有屬性。而KVC的初衷是容許開發者經過Key名直接訪問修改對象的屬性值,爲其中最典型的 UITextField
的 _placeholderLabel
、UISearchBar
的 _searchField
。 形成影響:在iOS 13下App閃退 錯誤代碼:ios
// placeholderLabel私有屬性訪問
[textField setValue:[UIColor redColor] forKeyPath:@"_placeholderLabel.textColor"];
[textField setValue:[UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:16] forKeyPath:@"_placeholderLabel.font"];
// searchField私有屬性訪問
UISearchBar *searchBar = [[UISearchBar alloc] init];
UITextField *searchTextField = [searchBar valueForKey:@"_searchField"];
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解決方案: 使用 NSMutableAttributedString
富文原本替代KVC訪問 UITextField
的 _placeholderLabel
api
textField.attributedPlaceholder = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"placeholder" attributes:@{NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor darkGrayColor], NSFontAttributeName: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:13]}];
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所以,能夠爲UITextFeild
建立Category
,專門用於處理修改placeHolder
屬性提供方法xcode
#import "UITextField+ChangePlaceholder.h"
@implementation UITextField (Change)
- (void)setPlaceholderFont:(UIFont *)font {
[self setPlaceholderColor:nil font:font];
}
- (void)setPlaceholderColor:(UIColor *)color {
[self setPlaceholderColor:color font:nil];
}
- (void)setPlaceholderColor:(nullable UIColor *)color font:(nullable UIFont *)font {
if ([self checkPlaceholderEmpty]) {
return;
}
NSMutableAttributedString *placeholderAttriString = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:self.placeholder];
if (color) {
[placeholderAttriString addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName value:color range:NSMakeRange(0, self.placeholder.length)];
}
if (font) {
[placeholderAttriString addAttribute:NSFontAttributeName value:font range:NSMakeRange(0, self.placeholder.length)];
}
[self setAttributedPlaceholder:placeholderAttriString];
}
- (BOOL)checkPlaceholderEmpty {
return (self.placeholder == nil) || ([[self.placeholder stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:[NSCharacterSet whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet]] length] == 0);
}
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關於 UISearchBar
,可遍歷其全部子視圖,找到指定的 UITextField
類型的子視圖,再根據上述 UITextField
的經過富文本方法修改屬性。bash
#import "UISearchBar+ChangePrivateTextFieldSubview.h"
@implementation UISearchBar (ChangePrivateTextFieldSubview)
/// 修改SearchBar系統自帶的TextField
- (void)changeSearchTextFieldWithCompletionBlock:(void(^)(UITextField *textField))completionBlock {
if (!completionBlock) {
return;
}
UITextField *textField = [self findTextFieldWithView:self];
if (textField) {
completionBlock(textField);
}
}
/// 遞歸遍歷UISearchBar的子視圖,找到UITextField
- (UITextField *)findTextFieldWithView:(UIView *)view {
for (UIView *subview in view.subviews) {
if ([subview isKindOfClass:[UITextField class]]) {
return (UITextField *)subview;
}else if (subview.subviews.count > 0) {
return [self findTextFieldWithView:subview];
}
}
return nil;
}
@end
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PS:關於如何查找本身的App項目是否使用了私有api,能夠參考 iOS查找私有API 文章app
模態彈窗屬性 UIModalPresentationStyle
在 iOS 13 下默認被設置爲 UIModalPresentationAutomatic
新特性,展現樣式更爲炫酷,同時可用下拉手勢關閉模態彈窗。 若原有模態彈出 ViewController 時都已指定模態彈窗屬性,則能夠無視該改動。 若想在 iOS 13 中繼續保持原有默認模態彈窗效果。能夠經過 runtime 的 Method Swizzling
方法交換來實現。ide
#import "UIViewController+ChangeDefaultPresentStyle.h"
@implementation UIViewController (ChangeDefaultPresentStyle)
+ (void)load {
static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
Class class = [self class];
//替換方法
SEL originalSelector = @selector(presentViewController:animated:completion:);
SEL newSelector = @selector(new_presentViewController:animated:completion:);
Method originalMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(class, originalSelector);
Method newMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(class, newSelector);;
BOOL didAddMethod =
class_addMethod(class,
originalSelector,
method_getImplementation(newMethod),
method_getTypeEncoding(newMethod));
if (didAddMethod) {
class_replaceMethod(class,
newSelector,
method_getImplementation(originalMethod),
method_getTypeEncoding(originalMethod));
} else {
method_exchangeImplementations(originalMethod, newMethod);
}
});
}
- (void)new_presentViewController:(UIViewController *)viewControllerToPresent animated:(BOOL)flag completion:(void (^)(void))completion {
viewControllerToPresent.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationFullScreen;
[self new_presentViewController:viewControllerToPresent animated:flag completion:completion];
}
@end
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針對黑暗模式的推出,Apple官方推薦全部三方App儘快適配。目前並無強制App進行黑暗模式適配。所以黑暗模式適配範圍如今可採用如下三種策略:函數
方案一:在項目 Info.plist
文件中,添加一條內容,Key爲 User Interface Style
,值類型設置爲String並設置爲 Light
便可。工具
方案二:代碼強制關閉黑暗模式,將當前 window 設置爲 Light 狀態。字體
if(@available(iOS 13.0,*)){
self.window.overrideUserInterfaceStyle = UIUserInterfaceStyleLight;
}
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從Xcode 十一、iOS 13開始,UIViewController與View新增屬性 overrideUserInterfaceStyle
,若設置View對象該屬性爲指定模式,則強制該對象以及子對象以指定模式展現,不會跟隨系統模式改變。
適配黑暗模式,主要從兩方面入手:圖片資源適配與顏色適配
打開圖片資源管理庫 Assets.xcassets
,選中須要適配的圖片素材item,打開最右側的 Inspectors 工具欄,找到 Appearances 選項,並設置爲 Any, Dark
模式,此時會在item下增長Dark Appearance,將黑暗模式下的素材拖入便可。關於黑暗模式圖片資源的加載,與正常加載圖片方法一致。
iOS 13開始UIColor變爲動態顏色,在Light Mode與Dark Mode能夠分別設置不一樣顏色。 若UIColor色值管理,與圖片資源同樣存儲於 Assets.xcassets
中,一樣參照上述方法適配。 若UIColor色值並無存儲於 Assets.xcassets
狀況下,自定義動態UIColor時,在iOS 13下初始化方法增長了兩個方法
+ (UIColor *)colorWithDynamicProvider:(UIColor * (^)(UITraitCollection *))dynamicProvider API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
- (UIColor *)initWithDynamicProvider:(UIColor * (^)(UITraitCollection *))dynamicProvider API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
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UIColor *dynamicColor = [UIColor colorWithDynamicProvider:^UIColor * _Nonnull(UITraitCollection * _Nonnull trainCollection) {
if ([trainCollection userInterfaceStyle] == UIUserInterfaceStyleLight) {
return [UIColor whiteColor];
} else {
return [UIColor blackColor];
}
}];
[self.view setBackgroundColor:dynamicColor];
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固然了,iOS 13系統也默認提供了一套基本的黑暗模式UIColor動態顏色,具體聲明以下:
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemBrownColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemIndigoColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGray2Color API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGray3Color API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGray4Color API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGray5Color API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGray6Color API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *labelColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *secondaryLabelColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *tertiaryLabelColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *quaternaryLabelColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *linkColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *placeholderTextColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *separatorColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *opaqueSeparatorColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemBackgroundColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *secondarySystemBackgroundColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *tertiarySystemBackgroundColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGroupedBackgroundColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *secondarySystemGroupedBackgroundColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *tertiarySystemGroupedBackgroundColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemFillColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *secondarySystemFillColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *tertiarySystemFillColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *quaternarySystemFillColor API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
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當須要監聽系統模式發生變化並做出響應時,須要用到 ViewController 如下函數
// 注意:參數爲變化前的traitCollection,改函數須要重寫
- (void)traitCollectionDidChange:(UITraitCollection *)previousTraitCollection;
// 判斷兩個UITraitCollection對象是否不一樣
- (BOOL)hasDifferentColorAppearanceComparedToTraitCollection:(UITraitCollection *)traitCollection;
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示例代碼:
- (void)traitCollectionDidChange:(UITraitCollection *)previousTraitCollection {
[super traitCollectionDidChange:previousTraitCollection];
// trait has Changed?
if ([self.traitCollection hasDifferentColorAppearanceComparedToTraitCollection:previousTraitCollection]) {
// do something...
}
}
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當系統模式變動時,系統會通知全部的 View以及 ViewController 須要更新樣式,會觸發如下方法執行(參考Apple官方適配連接):
- (void)updateLayer;
- (void)drawRect:(NSRect)dirtyRect;
- (void)layout;
- (void)updateConstraints;
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- (void)traitCollectionDidChange:(UITraitCollection *)previousTraitCollection;
- (void)layoutSubviews;
- (void)drawRect:(NSRect)dirtyRect;
- (void)updateConstraints;
- (void)tintColorDidChange;
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- (void)traitCollectionDidChange:(UITraitCollection *)previousTraitCollection;
- (void)updateViewConstraints;
- (void)viewWillLayoutSubviews;
- (void)viewDidLayoutSubviews;
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- (void)traitCollectionDidChange:(UITraitCollection *)previousTraitCollection;
- (void)containerViewWillLayoutSubviews;
- (void)containerViewDidLayoutSubviews;
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使用 LaunchImage 設置啓動圖,須要提供各種屏幕尺寸的啓動圖適配,這種方式隨着各種設備尺寸的增長,增長了額外沒必要要的工做量。爲了解決 LaunchImage 帶來的弊端,iOS 8引入了 LaunchScreen 技術,由於支持 AutoLayout + SizeClass,因此經過 LaunchScreen 就能夠簡單解決適配當下以及將來各類屏幕尺寸。 Apple官方已經發出公告,2020年4月開始,全部使用iOS 13 SDK 的App都必須提供 LaunchScreen。 建立一個 LaunchScreen 也很是簡單 (1)New Files建立一個 LaunchScreen,在建立的 ViewController 下 View 中新建一個 Image,並配置 Image 的圖片 (2)調整 Image 的 frame 爲佔滿屏幕,並修改 Image 的 Autoresizing 以下圖,完成
在iOS13以前,無需權限提示窗便可直接使用藍牙,但在iOS 13下,新增了使用藍牙的權限申請。最近一段時間上傳IPA包至App Store會收到如下提示。
解決方案:只須要在 Info.plist
裏增長如下條目:
<key>NSBluetoothAlwaysUsageDescription</key>
<string>這裏輸入使用藍牙來作什麼</string>`
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在iOS 13系統中,Apple要求提供第三方登陸的App也要支持「Sign With Apple」,具體實踐參考 iOS Sign With Apple實踐
在iOS 13以前,獲取Device Token 是將系統返回的 NSData
類型數據經過 -(void)description;
方法直接轉換成 NSString
字符串。 iOS 13以前獲取結果:
NSData
類型數據轉換成字符串,再傳給推送服務方。
-(void)description;
自己是用於爲類調試提供相關的打印信息,嚴格來講,不該直接從該方法獲取數據並應用於正式環境中。將
NSData
轉換成
HexString
,便可知足適配需求。
- (NSString *)getHexStringForData:(NSData *)data {
NSUInteger length = [data length];
char *chars = (char *)[data bytes];
NSMutableString *hexString = [[NSMutableString alloc] init];
for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < length; i++) {
[hexString appendString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%0.2hhx", chars[i]]];
}
return hexString;
}
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主要仍是參照了Apple官方的 UIKit 修改文檔聲明。iOS 13 Release Notes
iOS 13下設置 cell.contentView.backgroundColor
會直接影響 cell 自己 selected 與 highlighted 效果。 建議不要對 contentView.backgroundColor
修改,而對 cell
自己進行設置。
iOS 13以後,Badge 字體默認由13號變爲17號。 建議在初始化 TabbarController 時,顯示 Badge 的 ViewController 調用 setBadgeTextAttributes:forState:
方法
if (@available(iOS 13, *)) {
[viewController.tabBarItem setBadgeTextAttributes:@{NSFontAttributeName: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:13]} forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[viewController.tabBarItem setBadgeTextAttributes:@{NSFontAttributeName: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:13]} forState:UIControlStateSelected];
}
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NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:path];
CGImageSourceRef gifSource = CGImageSourceCreateWithData(CFBridgingRetain(data), nil);
size_t gifCount = CGImageSourceGetCount(gifSource);
CGImageRef imageRef = CGImageSourceCreateImageAtIndex(gifSource, i,NULL);
// iOS 13以前
UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:imageRef]
// iOS 13以後添加scale比例(該imageView將展現該動圖效果)
UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:imageRef scale:image.size.width / CGRectGetWidth(imageView.frame) orientation:UIImageOrientationUp];
CGImageRelease(imageRef);
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iOS 13下不須要調整 imageInsets
,圖片會自動居中顯示,所以只須要針對iOS 13以前的作適配便可。
if (IOS_VERSION < 13.0) {
viewController.tabBarItem.imageInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(5, 0, -5, 0);
}
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在 iOS 13下設置 tabbarItem 字體選中狀態的顏色,在push到其它 ViewController 再返回時,選中狀態的 tabbarItem 顏色會變成默認的藍色。
設置 tabbar 的 tintColor 屬性爲本來選中狀態的顏色便可。
self.tabBar.tintColor = [UIColor redColor];
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在 iOS 13下,對 UITableView 與 UICollectionView 新增了一套 Diffable DataSource API。爲了更高效地更新數據源刷新列表,避免了原有粗暴的刷新方法 - (void)reloadData
,以及手動調用控制列表刷新範圍的api,很容易出現計算不許確形成 NSInternalInconsistencyException 而引起App crash。 api 官方連接
StatusBar 新增一種樣式,默認的 default 由以前的黑色字體,變爲根據系統模式自動選擇展現 lightContent 或者 darkContent
針對iOS 13 SDK適配,後續將會持續收集並更新