手動配置網關，解決VMWare虛擬機內能夠訪問主機但沒法訪問互聯網的問題

經常都被虛擬機的網絡折騰得顛三倒四，作點筆記吧。

問題：選擇NAT後並配置好IP和NetMask以後，能夠ping通主機，但連不通Internet。

解決：手動配置默認網關。

步驟：

1. 在虛擬網絡編輯器裏，找到網關配置，這裏是192.168.171.2 。

2. 在虛擬機設置裏，確認選擇NAT。

3. IP和NetMask已經配置：

   [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33
   ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
           inet 192.168.171.128  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.171.255
           inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feba:ba7c  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
           ether 00:0c:29:ba:ba:7c  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
           RX packets 281023  bytes 361357640 (344.6 MiB)
           RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
           TX packets 68897  bytes 14016800 (13.3 MiB)
           TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

4. 能夠Ping通主機，但沒法鏈接Internet：

   [root@localhost ~]# ping 192.168.171.1
   PING 192.168.171.1 (192.168.171.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
   64 bytes from 192.168.171.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=0.416 ms
   64 bytes from 192.168.171.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=0.318 ms
   64 bytes from 192.168.171.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=0.348 ms
   64 bytes from 192.168.171.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=0.262 ms
   ^C
   --- 192.168.171.1 ping statistics ---
   4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3001ms
   rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.262/0.336/0.416/0.055 ms
   [root@localhost ~]# ping 8.8.8.8
   connect: Network is unreachable

5. 檢查路由表：

   [root@localhost ~]# netstat -nr
   Kernel IP routing table
   Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags   MSS Window  irtt Iface
   192.168.122.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 virbr0
   192.168.171.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 ens33

6. 手動添加網關：

   [root@localhost ~]# route add default gw 192.168.171.2
   [root@localhost ~]# netstat -nr
   Kernel IP routing table
   Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags   MSS Window  irtt Iface
   0.0.0.0         192.168.171.2   0.0.0.0         UG        0 0          0 ens33
   192.168.122.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 virbr0
   192.168.171.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 ens33

7. 再次嘗試：

   [root@localhost ~]# ping 8.8.8.8
   PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8) 56(84) bytes of data.
   64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=23.4 ms
   64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=26.5 ms
   64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=22.5 ms
   64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=29.2 ms
   ^C
   --- 8.8.8.8 ping statistics ---
   4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3007ms
   rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 22.524/25.448/29.255/2.666 ms

8. 刪除剛剛添加的網關，重現以前的錯誤：

   [root@localhost ~]# route del default gw 192.168.171.2
   [root@localhost ~]# netstat -nr
   Kernel IP routing table
   Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags   MSS Window  irtt Iface
   192.168.122.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 virbr0
   192.168.171.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 ens33
   [root@localhost ~]# ping 8.8.8.8
   connect: Network is unreachable

參考連接：

https://www.freebsd.org/doc/h...
https://unix.stackexchange.co...