ubuntu 14.04 安裝壓縮包版mysql

既有環境：

1）下載MySQL Community Server 5.6.17 壓縮版(mysql-5.6.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz)

2）安裝目錄: /opt/library/mysql-5.6.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64

3）軟連接爲/opt/library/mysql，指向同目錄下的mysql-5.6.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64

 

1. 建立mysql專有的用戶和組

$ sudo groupadd mysql
$ sudo useradd -r -g mysql mysql

2. 修改mysql文件夾及軟連接的owner

$ sudo chown -R mysql:mysql mysql-5.6.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/
$ sudo chown -R mysql:mysql mysql

3. 使用mysql_install_db初始化受權表。此操做只是在MySQL初次安裝時才須要執行，若是是已存在的安裝，則能夠跳過此步驟，不然會覆蓋先前的受權信息。

$ sudo scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

4. 發現mysql_install_db執行有錯誤。看錯誤提示，原來是由於缺乏共享庫libaio1。

xuyuzhu@xuyuzhu-OptiPlex-990:/opt/library/mysql$ sudo scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
Installing MySQL system tables..../bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

5. 安裝libaio1

$ sudo apt-get install libaio1

6. 從新執行第三步，如下是幾行關鍵log

Installing MySQL system tables...2014-05-15 14:43:47 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

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建立第一張數據表、表大小、buffer、fk、log文件
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Filling help tables...2014-05-15 14:43:52 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

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ok
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To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

  ./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
  ./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h xuyuzhu-OptiPlex-990 password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:

  ./bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:

  cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl

  cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

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總結下：
1）support-files/mysql.server用於啓動mysql
2）可用 mysqladmin 或 mysql_secure_installation 命令修改密碼
3）能夠使用"cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe &"配置mysql守護進程

7. 添加mysql啓動腳本軟連接

$ cd /etc/init.d/
$ sudo ln -s /opt/library/mysql/support-files/mysql.server

8. 啓動mysql服務

xuyuzhu@xuyuzhu-OptiPlex-990:/etc/init.d$ ./mysql.server start
/etc/init.d/mysql.server: 1: /etc/init.d/mysql.server: my_print_defaults: not found
/etc/init.d/mysql.server: 276: cd: can't cd to /usr/local/mysql
Starting MySQL
 * Couldn't find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)

9. 報錯。由於mysql.server裏讀取mysql的目錄是/user/local/mysql，因此在/user/local/中建立一個，mysql的軟連接到/opt/library/mysql。再執行第8步。

$ ln -s /opt/library/mysql /usr/local/mysql
$ sudo chown mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
$ sudo ./mysql.server start    
# 上面必須使用sudo權限啓動, 否則會報 . * The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/xuyuzhu-OptiPlex-990.pid).
Starting MySQL

10. ps檢查進程

xuyuzhu@xuyuzhu-OptiPlex-990:/etc/init.d$ ps -aux |grep mysql
root       373  0.0  0.0   4444   744 pts/13   S    15:16   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/xuyuzhu-OptiPlex-990.pid
mysql      484  2.4 11.4 976004 448164 pts/13  Sl   15:16   0:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/xuyuzhu-OptiPlex-990.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/xuyuzhu-OptiPlex-990.pid
xuyuzhu    511  0.0  0.0  15960   916 pts/13   S+   15:16   0:00 grep --color=auto mysql

11. mysqladmin檢查是否能夠使用mysql

$ mysqladmin version
mysqladmin  Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.6.17, for linux-glibc2.5 on x86_64
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Server version5.6.17
Protocol version10
ConnectionLocalhost via UNIX socket
UNIX socket/tmp/mysql.sock
Uptime:4 min 48 sec

Threads: 1  Questions: 2  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 67  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 60  Queries per second avg: 0.006

12. 添加開機啓動mysql服務守護進程

xuyuzhu@xuyuzhu-OptiPlex-990:/etc/init.d$ sudo update-rc.d mysql.server defaults
 Adding system startup for /etc/init.d/mysql.server ...
   /etc/rc0.d/K20mysql.server -> ../init.d/mysql.server
   /etc/rc1.d/K20mysql.server -> ../init.d/mysql.server
   /etc/rc6.d/K20mysql.server -> ../init.d/mysql.server
   /etc/rc2.d/S20mysql.server -> ../init.d/mysql.server
   /etc/rc3.d/S20mysql.server -> ../init.d/mysql.server
   /etc/rc4.d/S20mysql.server -> ../init.d/mysql.server
   /etc/rc5.d/S20mysql.server -> ../init.d/mysql.server

13. that’s all.

參考http://www.cnblogs.com/eastson/archive/2012/06/09/2543489.html

 

ps. Redhat啓動mysql服務: /etc/init.d/mysqld start