原文出處:http://gemantic.iteye.com/blog/1199214php
1、About thrift
2、什麼是thrift,怎麼工做?
3、Thrift IDL
4、Thrift Demo
5、Thrift 協議棧 以及各層的使用(java 爲例)
6、與protocolbuffer的區別
1、About thrift
thrift是一種可伸縮的跨語言服務的發展軟件框架。它結合了功能強大的軟件堆棧的代碼生成引擎,以建設服務,工做效率和無縫地與C + +,C#,Java,Python和PHP和Ruby結合。thrift是facebook開發的,咱們如今把它做爲開源軟件使用。thrift容許你定義一個簡單的定義文件中的數據類型和服務接口。以做爲輸入文件,編譯器生成代碼用來方便地生成RPC客戶端和服務器通訊的無縫跨編程語言(來自百度百科)。
>>>最初由facebook開發用作系統內個語言之間的RPC通訊 。
>>>2007年由facebook貢獻到apache基金 ,如今是apache下的opensource之一 。
>>>支持多種語言之間的RPC方式的通訊:php語言client能夠構造一個對象,調用相應的服務方法來調用java語言的服務 ,跨越語言的C/S rpc 調用 。
2、什麼是thrift,怎麼工做?
java rmi的例子,代碼見附件,創建一個java rmi的流程 :
>>>定義一個服務調用接口 。
>>>server端:接口實現---impl的實例---註冊該服務實現(端口)---啓動服務。
>>>client端:經過ip、端口、服務名,獲得服務,經過接口來調用 。
>>>rmi數據傳輸方式:java對象序列化 。
Thrift 服務
>>>例同rmi ,須要定義通訊接口、實現、註冊服務、綁定端口……
>>>如何多種語言之間通訊 ?
>>>數據傳輸走socket(多種語言均支持),數據再以特定的格式(String ),發送,接收方語言解析 。
Object ---> String ---> Object 。
問題:編碼、解析徹底須要本身作 ,複雜的數據結構會編碼困難 .
Thrift 服務 :thrift的中間編碼層
>>>java Object ---> Thrift Object ---> php Object
>>> 定義thrift的文件 ,由thrift文件(IDL)生成 雙方語言的接口、model ,在生成的model以及接口中會有解碼編碼的代碼 。
>>>thrift 文件例子
thrift-0.7.0.exe -r -gen java TestThrift.thrift 生成java 代碼
thrift-0.7.0.exe -r -gen php TestThrift.thrift 生成php代碼
thrift-0.7.0.exe -r -gen py TestThrift.thrift 生成python代碼
thrift-0.7.0.exe -r -gen as3 TestThrift.thrift 生成as3代碼
thrift-0.7.0.exe -r -gen cpp TestThrift.thrift 生成C++代碼
3、Thrift IDL
http://www.cnblogs.com/tianhuilove/archive/2011/09/05/2167669.html
http://wiki.apache.org/thrift/
http://wiki.apache.org/thrift/ThriftTypes
4、Thrift Demo
Thrift IDL 文件
html
namespace java com.gemantic.analyse.thrift.index struct NewsModel{ 1:i32 id ; 2:string title; 3:string content; 4:string media_from; 5:string author; } service IndexNewsOperatorServices { bool indexNews(1:NewsModel indexNews), bool deleteArtificiallyNews(1:i32 id ) }
java server
python
Java代碼 git
package com.gemantic.analyse.thrift.index; import java.net.InetSocketAddress; import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TBinaryProtocol; import org.apache.thrift.server.TServer; import org.apache.thrift.server.TThreadPoolServer; import org.apache.thrift.server.TThreadPoolServer.Args; import org.apache.thrift.transport.TServerSocket; import org.apache.thrift.transport.TServerTransport; import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportFactory; public class ThriftServerTest { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub IndexNewsOperatorServices.Processor processor = new IndexNewsOperatorServices.Processor(new IndexNewsOperatorServicesImpl()); try{ TServerTransport serverTransport = new TServerSocket( new InetSocketAddress("0.0.0.0",9813)); Args trArgs=new Args(serverTransport); trArgs.processor(processor); //使用二進制來編碼應用層的數據 trArgs.protocolFactory(new TBinaryProtocol.Factory(true, true)); //使用普通的socket來傳輸數據 trArgs.transportFactory(new TTransportFactory()); TServer server = new TThreadPoolServer(trArgs); System.out.println("server begin ......................"); server.serve(); System.out.println("---------------------------------------"); server.stop(); }catch(Exception e){ throw new RuntimeException("index thrift server start failed!!"+"/n"+e.getMessage()); } } }
java client
express
Java代碼 apache
package com.gemantic.analyse.thrift.index; import org.apache.thrift.TException; import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TBinaryProtocol; import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TProtocol; import org.apache.thrift.transport.TSocket; import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransport; public class ThriftClientTest { /** * @param args * @throws TException */ public static void main(String[] args) throws TException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub TTransport transport = new TSocket("10.0.0.41", 9813); long start=System.currentTimeMillis(); // TTransport transport = new TSocket("218.11.178.110",9090); TProtocol protocol = new TBinaryProtocol(transport); IndexNewsOperatorServices.Client client=new IndexNewsOperatorServices.Client(protocol); transport.open(); client.deleteArtificiallyNews(123456); NewsModel newsModel=new NewsModel(); newsModel.setId(789456); newsModel.setTitle("this from java client"); newsModel.setContent(" 世界盃比賽前,因爲塞爾維亞和黑山忽然宣佈分裂,國際足聯開會決定剔除塞黑,由世界上球迷最多的國家頂替,名額恰巧來到中國。舉國上下一片歡騰,中國足協決定由「成世鐸」(成龍+閻世鐸)組隊,進軍世界盃。"); newsModel.setAuthor("ddc"); newsModel.setMedia_from("新華08"); client.indexNews(newsModel); transport.close(); System.out.println((System.currentTimeMillis()-start)); System.out.println("client sucess!"); } }
php client
編程
Php代碼 c#
<?php $GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'] = '/home/tjiang/demo/thrift/lib/php/src'; require_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'].'/Thrift.php'; require_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'].'/protocol/TBinaryProtocol.php'; require_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'].'/transport/TSocket.php'; require_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'].'/transport/THttpClient.php'; require_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'].'/transport/TBufferedTransport.php'; include_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'].'/packages/TestThrift/TestThrift_types.php'; include_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'].'/packages/TestThrift/IndexNewsOperatorServices.php'; $data=array( 'id'=>'1', 'title'=>'demo-標題', 'content'=>'demo-內容', 'media_from'=>'hexun', 'author'=>'xiaodi667' ); $thrif_server_url = '10.0.0.41'; $transport = new TSocket($thrif_server_url, 9813); $transport->open(); $protocol = new TBinaryProtocol($transport); $client= new IndexNewsOperatorServicesClient($protocol, $protocol); $obj = new NewsModel($data); $result = $client->indexNews($obj); $transport->close(); ?>
python client
windows
Python代碼
#!/usr/bin/env python # # Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one # or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file # distributed with this work for additional information # regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file # to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the # "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance # with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, # software distributed under the License is distributed on an # "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY # KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the # specific language governing permissions and limitations # under the License. # import sys from TestThrift.ttypes import NewsModel from TestThrift.IndexNewsOperatorServices import Client from thrift import Thrift from thrift.transport import TSocket from thrift.transport import TTransport from thrift.protocol import TBinaryProtocol try: # Make socket transport = TSocket.TSocket('10.0.0.41', 9813) # Buffering is critical. Raw sockets are very slow transport = TTransport.TBufferedTransport(transport) # Wrap in a protocol protocol = TBinaryProtocol.TBinaryProtocol(transport) # Create a client to use the protocol encoder client = Client(protocol) # Connect! transport.open() client.deleteArtificiallyNews(123) newsModel=NewsModel() newsModel.id=123456 newsModel.title="python Test" newsModel.content="client test come from python"; newsModel.media_from="xinhua08" client.indexNews(newsModel) #close transport.close() except Thrift.TException, tx: print '%s' % (tx.message)
Csharp client
C#代碼
TTransport transport = new TSocket("10.0.0.41", 9813); TProtocol protocol = new TBinaryProtocol(transport); IndexNewsOperatorServices.Client client = new IndexNewsOperatorServices.Client(protocol); transport.Open(); NewsModel model = new NewsModel(); model.Author = "jww"; model.Title = "title"; model.Content = "client Come From CSharp"; model.Id = 1; client.deleteArtificiallyNews(123); Console.WriteLine(client.indexNews(model));
5、Thrift 協議棧 以及各層的使用(java 爲例)
一、model interface
服務的調用接口以及接口參數model、返回值model
二、Tprotocol 協議層
將數據(model)編碼 、解碼 。
三、Ttramsport 傳輸層
編碼後的數據傳輸(簡單socket、http)
五、Tserver
服務的Tserver類型,實現了幾種rpc調用(單線程、多線程、非阻塞IO)
6、與protocolbuffer的區別
http://liuchangit.com/development/346.html
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/69316/biggest-differences-of-thrift-vs-protocol-buffers
區別:
一、Another important difference are the languages supported by default. protobuf: Java, C++, Python Thrift: Java, C++, Python, PHP, Ruby, Erlang, Perl, Haskell, C#, Cocoa, Smalltalk, Ocaml
支持語言不一樣,thrift支持着更多的語言 。
二、Thrift supports ‘exceptions 。
thrift支持服務的異常 。
三、Protocol Buffers much easier to read 。Protobuf API looks cleaner, though the generated classes are all packed as an inner classes which is not so nice.
Protocol Buffers 在文檔方面比thrift豐富,並且比thrift簡單 。
四、Protobuf serialized objects are about 30% smaller then Thrift.
Protocol Buffers在序列化/反序列化、傳輸上性能更優 。
五、RPC is another key difference. Thrift generates code to implement RPC clients and servers wheres Protocol Buffers seems mostly designed as a data-interchange format alone.
thrift提供了一套完整的rpc服務實現(多線程socket、非阻塞的socket....)
六、And according to the wiki the Thrift runtime doesn't run on Windows.
thrift 對有些語言在windows上不支持:C++ .....