vue+django實現一對一聊天和消息推送的功能。主要是經過websocket,因爲Django不支持websocket,因此我使用了django-channels。考慮到存儲量的問題,我並無把聊天信息存入數據庫,服務端的做用至關於一箇中轉站。我只講述實現功能的結構性代碼,具體的實現還請你們看源代碼。前端
首先,咱們須要先定義websocket的兩條鏈接路徑。ws/chat/xxx/
(xxx
指代聊天組)這條路徑是當聊天雙方都進入同一個聊天組之後,開始聊天的路徑。push/xxx/
(xxx
指代用戶名)這條是指當有一方不在聊天組,另外一方的消息將經過這條路徑推送給對方。ws/chat/xxx/
只有雙方都進入聊天組之後纔開啓,而push/xxx/
是自用戶登陸之後,直至退出都開啓的。vue
websocket_urlpatterns = [ url(r'^ws/chat/(?P<group_name>[^/]+)/$', consumers.ChatConsumer), url(r'^push/(?P<username>[0-9a-z]+)/$', consumers.PushConsumer), ]
咱們採用user_a的id加上下劃線_加上user_b的id的方式來命名聊天組名。其中id值從小到大放置,例如:195752_748418。當用戶經過ws/chat/group_name/
的方式向服務端請求鏈接時,後端會把這個聊天組的信息放入一個字典裏。當鏈接關閉時,就把聊天組從字典裏移除。python
class ChatConsumer(AsyncJsonWebsocketConsumer): chats = dict() async def connect(self): self.group_name = self.scope['url_route']['kwargs']['group_name'] await self.channel_layer.group_add(self.group_name, self.channel_name) # 將用戶添加至聊天組信息chats中 try: ChatConsumer.chats[self.group_name].add(self) except: ChatConsumer.chats[self.group_name] = set([self]) #print(ChatConsumer.chats) # 建立鏈接時調用 await self.accept() async def disconnect(self, close_code): # 鏈接關閉時調用 # 將關閉的鏈接從羣組中移除 await self.channel_layer.group_discard(self.group_name, self.channel_name) # 將該客戶端移除聊天組鏈接信息 ChatConsumer.chats[self.group_name].remove(self) await self.close()
接着,咱們須要判斷鏈接這個聊天組的用戶個數。當有兩個用戶鏈接這個聊天組時,咱們就直接向這個聊天組發送信息。當只有一個用戶鏈接這個聊天組時,咱們就經過push/xxx/
把信息發給接收方。git
async def receive_json(self, message, **kwargs): # 收到信息時調用 to_user = message.get('to_user') # 信息發送 length = len(ChatConsumer.chats[self.group_name]) if length == 2: await self.channel_layer.group_send( self.group_name, { "type": "chat.message", "message": message.get('message'), }, ) else: await self.channel_layer.group_send( to_user, { "type": "push.message", "event": {'message': message.get('message'), 'group': self.group_name} }, ) async def chat_message(self, event): # Handles the "chat.message" event when it's sent to us. await self.send_json({ "message": event["message"], }) # 推送consumer class PushConsumer(AsyncWebsocketConsumer): async def connect(self): self.group_name = self.scope['url_route']['kwargs']['username'] await self.channel_layer.group_add( self.group_name, self.channel_name ) await self.accept() async def disconnect(self, close_code): await self.channel_layer.group_discard( self.group_name, self.channel_name ) # print(PushConsumer.chats) async def push_message(self, event): print(event) await self.send(text_data=json.dumps({ "event": event['event'] }))
前端實現websocket就比較簡單了。就是對websocket進行初始化,定義當websocket鏈接、關閉和接收消息時要執行哪些動做。github
<script> export default { name : 'test', data() { return { websock: null, } }, created() { this.initWebSocket(); }, destroyed() { this.websock.close() //離開路由以後斷開websocket鏈接 }, methods: { initWebSocket(){ //初始化weosocket const wsuri = "ws://127.0.0.1:8080"; this.websock = new WebSocket(wsuri); this.websock.onmessage = this.websocketonmessage; this.websock.onopen = this.websocketonopen; this.websock.onerror = this.websocketonerror; this.websock.onclose = this.websocketclose; }, websocketonopen(){ //鏈接創建以後執行send方法發送數據 let actions = {"test":"12345"}; this.websocketsend(JSON.stringify(actions)); }, websocketonerror(){//鏈接創建失敗重連 this.initWebSocket(); }, websocketonmessage(e){ //數據接收 const redata = JSON.parse(e.data); }, websocketsend(Data){//數據發送 this.websock.send(Data); }, websocketclose(e){ //關閉 console.log('斷開鏈接',e); }, }, } </script>