以前,在C語言階段使用了C編寫單鏈表,簡單易懂,那麼,今天使用C++再次編寫單鏈表,旨在對比二者之間的區別和異同:ios
下面就是cpp實現的代碼:ide
SList.h文件:函數
#pragma once typedef int DataType; class SListNode { friend class SList; public: SListNode(DataType x) :_data(x) ,_next(NULL) {} private: SListNode* _next; DataType _data; }; class SList { public: SList() :_head(NULL) ,_tail(NULL) {} ~SList() { Clear(); } SList(const SList& s) :_head(NULL) ,_tail(NULL) { SListNode* cur = s._head; while(cur) { this->PushBack(cur->_data); cur = cur->_next; } } //賦值函數的現代寫法 SList& operator=(SList s) { swap(_head,s._head); swap(_tail,s._tail); return *this; } /* 賦值函數的傳統寫法 SList& operator=(const SList &s) { if(this != &s) { this->Clear(); SListNode* cur = s._head; while(cur) { this->PushBack(cur->_data); cur = cur->_next; } } return *this; } */ public: void PushBack(DataType x) { if(_head == NULL) { _head = new SListNode(x); _tail = _head; } else { _tail->_next = new SListNode(x); _tail = _tail->_next; } } void PopBack() { if(_head == NULL) // 空 { return; } else if(_head->_next == NULL) //一個節點 { delete _head; _head = NULL; } else //多個節點 { SListNode *cur = _head; SListNode *prev = NULL; while(cur->_next) { prev = cur; cur = cur->_next; } free(cur); prev->_next = NULL; } } void PushFront(DataType x) { if(_head == NULL) // ①.爲空 { _head = new SListNode(x); _head->_next = NULL; } else //②.不爲空 { SListNode* tmp = new SListNode(x); tmp->_next = _head; _head = tmp; // 新的頭節點 } } void PopFront() { if(_head == NULL) //空 { return; } else if(_head->_next == NULL) //一個節點 { delete _head; _head = NULL; } else //多個節點 { SListNode* tmp = _head; _head = _head->_next; delete tmp; } } void Insert(SListNode* pos,DataType x) { assert(pos); SListNode* tmp = new SListNode(x); tmp->_next = pos->_next; pos->_next = tmp; } SListNode* Find(DataType x) { if(_head == NULL) { return NULL; } else { SListNode* cur = _head; while(cur) { if(cur->_data == x) { return cur; } cur = cur->_next; } } } void Erase(SListNode* pos) { assert(pos); assert(_head); if(_head == pos) { _head = _head->_next; delete pos; return; } SListNode* prev = _head; while(prev) { if(prev->_next == pos) { prev->_next = pos->_next; delete pos; break; } prev = prev->_next; } } void Clear() { SListNode* cur = _head; while(cur) { SListNode* del = cur; cur = cur->_next; delete del; } _head = NULL; _tail = NULL; } void PrintSList() { SListNode* cur = _head; while(cur) { cout<<cur->_data<<"->"; cur = cur->_next; } cout<<"NULL"<<endl; } private: SListNode* _head; //指向第一個節點的指針 SListNode* _tail; //指向最後一個節點的指針 }; void Test1() { SList s1; s1.PushBack(1);//是將s1傳向this指針 s1.PushBack(2); s1.PushBack(3); s1.PushBack(4); s1.PushBack(5); s1.PrintSList(); SList s2(s1);//測試拷貝構造 s2.PrintSList(); SList s3; s3 = s2; //測試賦值運算符重載 s3.PrintSList(); s1.PopBack(); s1.PrintSList(); s2.PopFront(); s2.PrintSList(); s3.Insert(s3.Find(3),6); s3.PrintSList(); s3.Erase(s3.Find(3)); s3.PrintSList(); }
SList.cpp文件:測試
#include<iostream> #include<assert.h> using namespace std; #include "SList.h" int main() { Test1(); return 0; }