做爲開發人員,定位問題是咱們的平常工做,而日誌是咱們定位問題很是重要的依據。傳統方式定位問題時,每每是以下步驟:html
其實是能夠動態修改日誌級別,無需重啓應用,當即生效。本文收集了3種動態修改日誌級別的文章,分別是java
從 Spring Boot 1.5 開始,Spring Boot Actuator 組件就已提供動態修改日誌級別的能力。web
1.引入spring-boot-starter-actuator
依賴,內容以下:spring
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
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2.編寫測試代碼,以下:apache
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
}
}
@RestController
public class DemoController {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DemoController.class);
@GetMapping("/helloworld")
public String helloworld(){
logger.debug("welcome to learn spring boot");
return "welcome to learn spring boot";
}
}
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3.配置文件緩存
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: 'loggers'
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Spring Boot 2.x默認只暴露 /health 以及 /info 端點,而日誌控制須要用到 /loggers 端點,故而須要設置將其暴露。springboot
/loggers
端點提供了查看以及修改日誌級別的能力。app
查看當前應用各包/類的日誌級別 訪問 http://localhost:8080/actuator/loggers ,可看到相似以下的結果:框架
查看指定包/類日誌詳情 訪問 http://localhost:8080/actuator/loggers/com.blockmao.springboot.demo.DemoController ,可看到相似以下的結果:spring-boot
修改日誌級別 默認的日誌級別是INFO,因此DemoController
的debug日誌不會打印。下面來嘗試將該類的日誌級別設爲DEBUG
,以下
此時,訪問 http://localhost:8080/helloworld 會看到相似以下的日誌:
而且,此時再訪問 http://localhost:8080/actuator/loggers/com.itmuch.logging.TestController ,可看到相似以下的結果:
Actuator有約定,/actuator/xxx
端點的定義代碼在 xxxEndpoint
中。找到類org.springframework.boot.actuate.logging.LoggersEndpoint
,代碼以下:
@Endpoint(id = "loggers")
public class LoggersEndpoint {
private final LoggingSystem loggingSystem;
@WriteOperation
public void configureLogLevel(@Selector String name, @Nullable LogLevel configuredLevel) {
Assert.notNull(name, "Name must not be empty");
this.loggingSystem.setLogLevel(name, configuredLevel);
}
// ...其餘省略
}
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其中,
Endpoint
、WriteOperation
、@Selector
都是Spring Boot 2.0開始提供的新註解。
@Endpoint(id = "loggers")
用來描述Spring Boot Actuator 的端點,這樣就會產生一個/actuator/loggers
的路徑,它相似於Spring MVC的@RequestMapping("loggers")
。
@WriteOperation 表示這是一個寫操做,它相似於Spring MVC的 @PostMapping 。Spring Boot Actuator還提供了其餘操做,以下表:
Operation | HTTP method |
---|---|
@ReadOperation | GET |
@WriteOperation | POST |
@DeleteOperation | DELETE |
@Selector用於篩選@Endpoint註解返回值的子集,它相似於Spring MVC的@PathVariable 。
這樣,上面的代碼就很好理解了— configureLogLevel
方法:送POST請求後,name就是咱們傳的包名或者類名,configuredLevel就是咱們傳的消息體。
org.springframework.boot.logging.LoggingSystem#setLogLevel
是抽象方法,具體實現由子類完成。LoggingSystem
類結構以下圖所示:
LoggingSystem有這麼多實現類,Spring Boot怎麼知道什麼狀況下用什麼LoggingSystem呢?可在 org.springframework.boot.logging.LoggingSystem
找到相似以下代碼:
public abstract class LoggingSystem {
private static final Map<String, String> SYSTEMS;
static {
Map<String, String> systems = new LinkedHashMap<>();
systems.put("ch.qos.logback.core.Appender",
"org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.LogbackLoggingSystem");
systems.put("org.apache.logging.log4j.core.impl.Log4jContextFactory",
"org.springframework.boot.logging.log4j2.Log4J2LoggingSystem");
systems.put("java.util.logging.LogManager",
"org.springframework.boot.logging.java.JavaLoggingSystem");
SYSTEMS = Collections.unmodifiableMap(systems);
}
/** * Detect and return the logging system in use. Supports Logback and Java Logging. * @param classLoader the classloader * @return the logging system */
public static LoggingSystem get(ClassLoader classLoader) {
String loggingSystem = System.getProperty(SYSTEM_PROPERTY);
if (StringUtils.hasLength(loggingSystem)) {
if (NONE.equals(loggingSystem)) {
return new NoOpLoggingSystem();
}
return get(classLoader, loggingSystem);
}
return SYSTEMS.entrySet().stream()
.filter((entry) -> ClassUtils.isPresent(entry.getKey(), classLoader))
.map((entry) -> get(classLoader, entry.getValue())).findFirst()
.orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalStateException(
"No suitable logging system located"));
}
// 省略不相關內容...
}
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由代碼不難發現,其實就是構建了一個名爲 SYSTEMS 的map,做爲各類日誌系統的字典;而後在 get 方法中,看應用是否加載了map中的類;若是加載了,就經過反射,初始化LoggingSystem
。例如:Spring Boot發現當前應用加載了ch.qos.logback.core.Appender
,就去實例化 org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.LogbackLoggingSystem
。
使用ognl
命令能夠動態修改日誌級別,步驟以下:
查找當前類的classLoaderHash
用OGNL獲取logger
能夠發現日誌使用的是Logback框架。
單獨設置DemoController的logger level
全局設置logger level
若是使用的日誌框架是
log4j
,則使用上述ognl
命令則會報錯。至於爲何?請閱讀Java日誌:SLF4J詳解
初始化:肯定所使用的日誌框架,獲取配置文件中全部的Logger內存實例,並將它們的引用緩存到Map容器中。
String type = StaticLoggerBinder.getSingleton().getLoggerFactoryClassStr();
if (LogConstant.LOG4J_LOGGER_FACTORY.equals(type)) {
logFrameworkType = LogFrameworkType.LOG4J;
Enumeration enumeration = org.apache.log4j.LogManager.getCurrentLoggers();
while (enumeration.hasMoreElements()) {
org.apache.log4j.Logger logger = (org.apache.log4j.Logger) enumeration.nextElement();
if (logger.getLevel() != null) {
loggerMap.put(logger.getName(), logger);
}
}
org.apache.log4j.Logger rootLogger = org.apache.log4j.LogManager.getRootLogger();
loggerMap.put(rootLogger.getName(), rootLogger);
} else if (LogConstant.LOGBACK_LOGGER_FACTORY.equals(type)) {
logFrameworkType = LogFrameworkType.LOGBACK;
ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext loggerContext = (ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext) LoggerFactory.getILoggerFactory();
for (ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger logger : loggerContext.getLoggerList()) {
if (logger.getLevel() != null) {
loggerMap.put(logger.getName(), logger);
}
}
ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger rootLogger = (ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger) LoggerFactory.getLogger(Logger.ROOT_LOGGER_NAME);
loggerMap.put(rootLogger.getName(), rootLogger);
} else if (LogConstant.LOG4J2_LOGGER_FACTORY.equals(type)) {
logFrameworkType = LogFrameworkType.LOG4J2;
org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext loggerContext = (org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext) org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getContext(false);
Map<String, org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.LoggerConfig> map = loggerContext.getConfiguration().getLoggers();
for (org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.LoggerConfig loggerConfig : map.values()) {
String key = loggerConfig.getName();
if (StringUtils.isBlank(key)) {
key = "root";
}
loggerMap.put(key, loggerConfig);
}
} else {
logFrameworkType = LogFrameworkType.UNKNOWN;
LOG.error("Log框架沒法識別: type={}", type);
}
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獲取Logger列表:從本地Map容器取出。
private String getLoggerList() {
JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
result.put("logFramework", logFrameworkType);
JSONArray loggerList = new JSONArray();
for (ConcurrentMap.Entry<String, Object> entry : loggerMap.entrySet()) {
JSONObject loggerJSON = new JSONObject();
loggerJSON.put("loggerName", entry.getKey());
if (logFrameworkType == LogFrameworkType.LOG4J) {
org.apache.log4j.Logger targetLogger = (org.apache.log4j.Logger) entry.getValue();
loggerJSON.put("logLevel", targetLogger.getLevel().toString());
} else if (logFrameworkType == LogFrameworkType.LOGBACK) {
ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger targetLogger = (ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger) entry.getValue();
loggerJSON.put("logLevel", targetLogger.getLevel().toString());
} else if (logFrameworkType == LogFrameworkType.LOG4J2) {
org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.LoggerConfig targetLogger = (org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.LoggerConfig) entry.getValue();
loggerJSON.put("logLevel", targetLogger.getLevel().toString());
} else {
loggerJSON.put("logLevel", "Logger的類型未知,沒法處理!");
}
loggerList.add(loggerJSON);
}
result.put("loggerList", loggerList);
LOG.info("getLoggerList: result={}", result.toString());
return result.toString();
}
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修改Logger的級別
private String setLogLevel(JSONArray data) {
LOG.info("setLogLevel: data={}", data);
List<LoggerBean> loggerList = parseJsonData(data);
if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(loggerList)) {
return "";
}
for (LoggerBean loggerbean : loggerList) {
Object logger = loggerMap.get(loggerbean.getName());
if (logger == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("須要修改日誌級別的Logger不存在");
}
if (logFrameworkType == LogFrameworkType.LOG4J) {
org.apache.log4j.Logger targetLogger = (org.apache.log4j.Logger) logger;
org.apache.log4j.Level targetLevel = org.apache.log4j.Level.toLevel(loggerbean.getLevel());
targetLogger.setLevel(targetLevel);
} else if (logFrameworkType == LogFrameworkType.LOGBACK) {
ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger targetLogger = (ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger) logger;
ch.qos.logback.classic.Level targetLevel = ch.qos.logback.classic.Level.toLevel(loggerbean.getLevel());
targetLogger.setLevel(targetLevel);
} else if (logFrameworkType == LogFrameworkType.LOG4J2) {
org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.LoggerConfig loggerConfig = (org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.LoggerConfig) logger;
org.apache.logging.log4j.Level targetLevel = org.apache.logging.log4j.Level.toLevel(loggerbean.getLevel());
loggerConfig.setLevel(targetLevel);
org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext ctx = (org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext) org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getContext(false);
ctx.updateLoggers(); // This causes all Loggers to refetch information from their LoggerConfig.
} else {
throw new RuntimeException("Logger的類型未知,沒法處理!");
}
}
return "success";
}
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