日誌框架有不少,好比 log4net
/ nlog
/ serilog
/ microsoft.extensions.logging
等,如何在切換日誌框架的時候作到不用修改代碼,只須要切換不一樣的 loggingProvider
就能夠了,最低成本的下降切換日誌框架的成本,處於這個考慮本身寫了一個日誌框架,爲不一樣的日誌框架寫一個適配,須要用到什麼日誌框架,配置一下就能夠了,業務代碼無需變更。git
最初的日誌強依賴於 log4net,log4net 是我使用的第一個日誌框架,因此很長一段時間都在使用它來作日誌記錄,可是因爲是強依賴,在想換日誌框架時就會很難受,大量代碼要改動,不符合開放封閉的基本原則,因而就有了第一個版本的日誌。github
初版的日誌參考了微軟的日誌框架的實現,大概結構以下:框架
public interface ILogHelperLogFactory { ILogger CreateLogger(string categoryName); bool AddProvider(ILogHelperProvider provider); } public interface ILogHelperLogger { bool IsEnabled(LogHelperLogLevel logLevel); void Log(LogHelperLogLevel logLevel, Exception exception, string message); } public enum LogHelperLogLevel { /// <summary> /// All logging levels /// </summary> All = 0, /// <summary> /// A trace logging level /// </summary> Trace = 1, /// <summary> /// A debug logging level /// </summary> Debug = 2, /// <summary> /// A info logging level /// </summary> Info = 4, /// <summary> /// A warn logging level /// </summary> Warn = 8, /// <summary> /// An error logging level /// </summary> Error = 16, /// <summary> /// A fatal logging level /// </summary> Fatal = 32, /// <summary> /// None /// </summary> None = 64 } public interface ILogHelperProvider { ILogHelperLogger CreateLogger(string categoryName); }
爲了方便 Logger 的使用,定義了一些擴展方法,使得能夠直接使用 logger.Info
/logger.Error
等方法,擴展定義以下:ide
public static void Log(this ILogHelperLogger logger, LogHelperLevel loggerLevel, string msg) => logger.Log(loggerLevel, null, msg); #region Info public static void Info(this ILogHelperLogger logger, string msg, params object[] parameters) { if (parameters == null || parameters.Length == 0) { logger.Log(LogHelperLevel.Info, msg); } else { logger.Log(LogHelperLevel.Info, null, msg.FormatWith(parameters)); } } public static void Info(this ILogHelperLogger logger, Exception ex, string msg) => logger.Log(LogHelperLevel.Info, ex, msg); public static void Info(this ILogHelperLogger logger, Exception ex) => logger.Log(LogHelperLevel.Info, ex, ex?.Message); #endregion Info // ...其餘的相似,這裏就不詳細展開了
若是要自定義的日誌記錄的話,就實現一個 ILogHelperProvider
便可,實現一個 ILogHelperProvider
就要實現一個 ILogHelperLogger
,本來強依賴的 log4net 能夠實現一個 Log4NetLogHelperProvider
,這樣換別的日誌框架的時候只須要實現對應的 ILogHelperProvider
便可,可是從功能性上來講仍是很弱的ui
若是想要某些日誌不記錄,好比說,Debug 級別的日誌不記錄,好比說某一個 Logger 下只記錄 Error 級別的日誌,如今是有些吃力,只能經過 log4net 的配置來限制了,因而就有了第二個版本,增長了 LoggingFilter
能夠針對 Provider/Logger/LogLevel/Exception 來設置 filter,過濾不須要記錄的日誌,這也是參考了微軟的日誌框架的 Filter,可是實現不太同樣,有興趣的小夥伴能夠本身深刻研究一下。this
V2 版,在 ILogFactory
的接口上增長了 AddFilter
的方法,定義以下:debug
/// <summary> /// Add logs filter /// </summary> /// <param name="filterFunc">filterFunc, logProviderType/categoryName/Exception, whether to write log</param> bool AddFilter(Func<Type, string, LogHelperLogLevel, Exception, bool> filterFunc);
而後定義了一些擴展方法來方便使用:設計
public static ILogHelperFactory WithMinimumLevel(this ILogHelperFactory logHelperFactory, LogHelperLevel logLevel) { return logHelperFactory.WithFilter(level => level >= logLevel); } public static ILogHelperFactory WithFilter(this ILogHelperFactory logHelperFactory, Func<LogHelperLevel, bool> filterFunc) { logHelperFactory.AddFilter((type, categoryName, logLevel, exception) => filterFunc.Invoke(logLevel)); return logHelperFactory; } public static ILogHelperFactory WithFilter(this ILogHelperFactory logHelperFactory, Func<string, LogHelperLevel, bool> filterFunc) { logHelperFactory.AddFilter((type, categoryName, logLevel, exception) => filterFunc.Invoke(categoryName, logLevel)); return logHelperFactory; } public static ILogHelperFactory WithFilter(this ILogHelperFactory logHelperFactory, Func<Type, string, LogHelperLevel, bool> filterFunc) { logHelperFactory.AddFilter((type, categoryName, logLevel, exception) => filterFunc.Invoke(type, categoryName, logLevel)); return logHelperFactory; } public static ILogHelperFactory WithFilter(this ILogHelperFactory logHelperFactory, Func<Type, string, LogHelperLevel, Exception, bool> filterFunc) { logHelperFactory.AddFilter(filterFunc); return logHelperFactory; }
這樣就方便了咱們只想定義針對 Logger 的 Filter 以及 Provider 的 Filter,沒必要全部參數都用到,logging filter 如今已經實現了,此時已經使用了 Serilog
作日誌記錄有一段時間,感受 Serilog
裏的一些設計很優秀,很優雅,因而想把 Serilog
裏的一些設計用在本身的日誌框架裏,好比說:日誌
Serilog
的擴展叫作 Sink
,日誌輸出的地方,Serilog
自定義一個 Sink
,很簡單隻須要實現一個接口,不須要再實現一個 Logger,從這點來講,我以爲 Serilog
比微軟的日誌框架更加優秀,並且 LogEvent
使得日誌更方便的進行批量操做,有須要的能夠了解一下 Serilog
的 PeriodBatching
https://github.com/serilog/serilog-sinks-periodicbatchingcode
/// <summary> /// A destination for log events. /// </summary> public interface ILogEventSink { /// <summary> /// Emit the provided log event to the sink. /// </summary> /// <param name="logEvent">The log event to write.</param> void Emit(LogEvent logEvent); }
Serilog
能夠自定義一些 Enricher
,以此來豐富記錄的日誌內容,好比日誌的請求上下文,日誌的環境等,也能夠是一些固定的屬性信息
MessageTemplate
,其實微軟的日誌框架中也有相似的概念,只不過很不明顯,用 Serilog
以前我也不多用,微軟的日誌框架能夠這樣用 logger.LogInfo("hello {name}", "world")
這樣的寫法其實就能夠把第一個參數看成是 MessageTemplate
或者它內部的叫法 Format
鑑於這麼多好處,因而打算將這些功能引入到個人日誌框架中
說幹就幹,首先要引入一個 LogHelperLoggingEvent
,對應的 Serilog
的 LogEvent
,定義以下:
public class LogHelperLoggingEvent : ICloneable { public string CategoryName { get; set; } public DateTimeOffset DateTime { get; set; } public string MessageTemplate { get; set; } public string Message { get; set; } public Exception Exception { get; set; } public LogHelperLogLevel LogLevel { get; set; } public Dictionary<string, object> Properties { get; set; } public LogHelperLoggingEvent Copy => (LogHelperLoggingEvent)Clone(); public object Clone() { var newEvent = (LogHelperLoggingEvent)MemberwiseClone(); if (Properties != null) { newEvent.Properties = new Dictionary<string, object>(); foreach (var property in Properties) { newEvent.Properties[property.Key] = property.Value; } } return newEvent; } }
Event 裏定義了一個 Properties 的字典用來豐富日誌的內容,另外實現了 ICloneable
接口,方便對對象的拷貝,爲了強類型,增長了一個 Copy
的方法,返回一個強類型的對象
爲了減小擴展一個 ILogProvider
的複雜性,咱們要對 ILogProvider
作一個簡化,只須要像擴展 Serilog
的 Sink 同樣記錄日誌便可,不須要關心是否要建立 Logger
改造後的定義以下:
public interface ILogHelperProvider { Task Log(LogHelperLoggingEvent loggingEvent); }
(這裏返回了一個 Task,可能返回類型是 void 就足夠了,看本身的須要)
這樣在實現 LogProvider
的時候只須要實現這個接口就能夠了,不須要再實現一個 Logger 了
Enricher
定義:
public interface ILogHelperLoggingEnricher { void Enrich(LogHelperLoggingEvent loggingEvent); }
內置了一個 PropertyEnricher
,方便添加一些簡單的屬性
internal class PropertyLoggingEnricher : ILogHelperLoggingEnricher { private readonly string _propertyName; private readonly Func<LogHelperLoggingEvent, object> _propertyValueFactory; private readonly bool _overwrite; private readonly Func<LogHelperLoggingEvent, bool> _logPropertyPredict = null; public PropertyLoggingEnricher(string propertyName, object propertyValue, bool overwrite = false) : this(propertyName, (loggingEvent) => propertyValue, overwrite) { } public PropertyLoggingEnricher(string propertyName, Func<LogHelperLoggingEvent, object> propertyValueFactory, bool overwrite = false) : this(propertyName, propertyValueFactory, null, overwrite) { } public PropertyLoggingEnricher(string propertyName, Func<LogHelperLoggingEvent, object> propertyValueFactory, Func<LogHelperLoggingEvent, bool> logPropertyPredict, bool overwrite = false) { _propertyName = propertyName; _propertyValueFactory = propertyValueFactory; _logPropertyPredict = logPropertyPredict; _overwrite = overwrite; } public void Enrich(LogHelperLoggingEvent loggingEvent) { if (_logPropertyPredict?.Invoke(loggingEvent) != false) { loggingEvent.AddProperty(_propertyName, _propertyValueFactory, _overwrite); } } }
爲 ILogFactory
增長一個 AddEnricher
的方法
/// <summary> /// add log enricher /// </summary> /// <param name="enricher">log enricher</param> /// <returns></returns> bool AddEnricher(ILogHelperLoggingEnricher enricher);
這樣咱們在記錄日誌的時候就能夠經過這些 Enricher 豐富 LoggingEvent
中的 Properties 了
爲了方便 Property 的操做,咱們增長了一些擴展方法:
public static ILogHelperFactory WithEnricher<TEnricher>(this ILogHelperFactory logHelperFactory, TEnricher enricher) where TEnricher : ILogHelperLoggingEnricher { logHelperFactory.AddEnricher(enricher); return logHelperFactory; } public static ILogHelperFactory WithEnricher<TEnricher>(this ILogHelperFactory logHelperFactory) where TEnricher : ILogHelperLoggingEnricher, new() { logHelperFactory.AddEnricher(new TEnricher()); return logHelperFactory; } public static ILogHelperFactory EnrichWithProperty(this ILogHelperFactory logHelperFactory, string propertyName, object value, bool overwrite = false) { logHelperFactory.AddEnricher(new PropertyLoggingEnricher(propertyName, value, overwrite)); return logHelperFactory; } public static ILogHelperFactory EnrichWithProperty(this ILogHelperFactory logHelperFactory, string propertyName, Func<LogHelperLoggingEvent> valueFactory, bool overwrite = false) { logHelperFactory.AddEnricher(new PropertyLoggingEnricher(propertyName, valueFactory, overwrite)); return logHelperFactory; } public static ILogHelperFactory EnrichWithProperty(this ILogHelperFactory logHelperFactory, string propertyName, object value, Func<LogHelperLoggingEvent, bool> predict, bool overwrite = false) { logHelperFactory.AddEnricher(new PropertyLoggingEnricher(propertyName, e => value, predict, overwrite)); return logHelperFactory; } public static ILogHelperFactory EnrichWithProperty(this ILogHelperFactory logHelperFactory, string propertyName, Func<LogHelperLoggingEvent, object> valueFactory, Func<LogHelperLoggingEvent, bool> predict, bool overwrite = false) { logHelperFactory.AddEnricher(new PropertyLoggingEnricher(propertyName, valueFactory, predict, overwrite)); return logHelperFactory; }
從上面的 LoggingEvent
中已經增長了 MessageTemplate
,因而咱們引入了微軟日誌框架中日誌的格式化,將 messageTemplate 和 parameters 轉換成 Message 和 Properties,具體參考 https://github.com/WeihanLi/WeihanLi.Common/blob/276cc49cfda511f9b7b3bb8344ee52441c4a3b23/src/WeihanLi.Common/Logging/LoggingFormatter.cs
internal struct FormattedLogValue { public string Msg { get; set; } public Dictionary<string, object> Values { get; set; } public FormattedLogValue(string msg, Dictionary<string, object> values) { Msg = msg; Values = values; } } internal static class LoggingFormatter { public static FormattedLogValue Format(string msgTemplate, object[] values) { if (values == null || values.Length == 0) return new FormattedLogValue(msgTemplate, null); var formatter = new LogValuesFormatter(msgTemplate); var msg = formatter.Format(values); var dic = formatter.GetValues(values) .ToDictionary(x => x.Key, x => x.Value); return new FormattedLogValue(msg, dic); } }
這樣咱們就能夠支持 messageTemplate 了,而後來改造一下咱們的 Logger
public interface ILogHelperLogger { void Log(LogHelperLogLevel logLevel, Exception exception, string messageTemplate, params object[] parameters); bool IsEnabled(LogHelperLogLevel logLevel); }
與上面不一樣的是,咱們增長了 parameters
再來更新一下咱們的擴展方法,上面的擴展方法是直接使用 string.Format
的方式的格式化的,咱們這裏要更新一下
public static void Info(this ILogHelperLogger logger, string msg, params object[] parameters) { logger.Log(LogHelperLogLevel.Info, null, msg, parameters); } public static void Info(this ILogHelperLogger logger, Exception ex, string msg) => logger.Log(LogHelperLogLevel.Info, ex, msg); public static void Info(this ILogHelperLogger logger, Exception ex) => logger.Log(LogHelperLogLevel.Info, ex, ex?.Message);
至此,功能基本完成,可是從 API 的角度來講,感受如今的 ILogFactory
過重了,這些 AddProvider
/AddEnricher
/AddFilter
都應該屬性 ILogFactory
的內部屬性,經過配置來完成,不該該成爲它的接口方法,因而就有了下一版
這一版主要是引入了 LoggingBuilder
, 經過 LoggingBuilder
來配置內部的 LogFactory
所須要的 Provider
/Enricher
/Filter
,原來他們的配置方法和擴展方法均變成ILogHelperLoggingBuilder
public interface ILogHelperLoggingBuilder { /// <summary> /// Adds an ILogHelperProvider to the logging system. /// </summary> /// <param name="provider">The ILogHelperProvider.</param> bool AddProvider(ILogHelperProvider provider); /// <summary> /// add log enricher /// </summary> /// <param name="enricher">log enricher</param> /// <returns></returns> bool AddEnricher(ILogHelperLoggingEnricher enricher); /// <summary> /// Add logs filter /// </summary> /// <param name="filterFunc">filterFunc, logProviderType/categoryName/Exception, whether to write log</param> bool AddFilter(Func<Type, string, LogHelperLogLevel, Exception, bool> filterFunc); ///// <summary> ///// config period batching ///// </summary> ///// <param name="period">period</param> ///// <param name="batchSize">batchSize</param> //void PeriodBatchingConfig(TimeSpan period, int batchSize); /// <summary> /// Build for LogFactory /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> ILogHelperFactory Build(); }
增長 logging 的配置:
public static class LogHelper { private static ILogHelperFactory LogFactory { get; private set; } = NullLogHelperFactory.Instance; public static void ConfigureLogging(Action<ILogHelperLoggingBuilder> configureAction) { var loggingBuilder = new LogHelperLoggingBuilder(); configureAction?.Invoke(loggingBuilder); LogFactory = loggingBuilder.Build(); } public static ILogHelperLogger GetLogger<T>() => LogFactory.GetLogger(typeof(T)); public static ILogHelperLogger GetLogger(Type type) => LogFactory.GetLogger(type); public static ILogHelperLogger GetLogger(string categoryName) { return LogFactory.CreateLogger(categoryName); } }
最後的使用方式:
internal class LoggingTest { private static readonly ILogHelperLogger Logger = LogHelper.GetLogger<LoggingTest>(); public static void MainTest() { var abc = "1233"; LogHelper.ConfigureLogging(builder => { builder .AddLog4Net() //.AddSerilog(loggerConfig => loggerConfig.WriteTo.Console()) .WithMinimumLevel(LogHelperLogLevel.Info) .WithFilter((category, level) => level > LogHelperLogLevel.Error && category.StartsWith("System")) .EnrichWithProperty("Entry0", ApplicationHelper.ApplicationName) .EnrichWithProperty("Entry1", ApplicationHelper.ApplicationName, e => e.LogLevel >= LogHelperLogLevel.Error)// 當 LogLevel 是 Error 及以上級別時才增長 Property ; }); Logger.Debug("12333 {abc}", abc); Logger.Trace("122334334"); Logger.Info($"122334334 {abc}"); Logger.Warn("12333, err:{err}", "hahaha"); Logger.Error("122334334"); Logger.Fatal("12333"); } }
增長 LoggingEvent
還想作一個批量提交日誌,如上面定義的 PeriodBatchingConfig
同樣,批量同步到 Provider 可是實際使用下來,有些 provider 不支持設置日誌的時間,時間是內部記錄的,這樣一來日誌記錄的時間就不許了,並且大多都不支持批量寫日誌,因此後面放棄了,可是若是隻是用本身的擴展,不用 log4net 之類的外部的日誌框架的話,我以爲仍是能夠作的,能夠提升效率,目前主要用 Serilog
和 log4net
,暫時不更新了,就先這樣吧
下一版本要解決的事情
ILogProvider
記錄日誌返回一個 Task 感受有些雞肋,沒太大意義,後面再改一下吧Serilog
的 Filter 是基於 LogEvent
的,後面看是否須要改一下,基於 LogEvent 的話更簡潔,並且能夠根據 LogEvent 內的 Properties 作過濾,因此 AddFilter 的API 能夠更新一下 AddFilter(Func<LogHelperLoggingEvent, bool> filter)