Grails 技巧 - GORM篇

1.不生成 version 字段

static mapping = {
    version false
}

2.分頁結果集列表 PagedResultList，很是適合分頁查詢

def c = Account.createCriteria()
def results = c.list (max: 50, offset: 10) {
    like("holderFirstName", "Fred%")
    and {
        between("balance", 500, 1000)
        eq("branch", "London")
    }
    order("holderLastName", "desc")
}
println "Rendering ${results.size()} Accounts of ${results.totalCount}"

results.size() 爲返回的 list 記錄大小，上面爲offset爲10的50條記錄

results.totalCount 爲符合條件記錄在數據庫大小

3.使用proxy() 方法獲取關聯Domain

class Book{
    Author author 
}

def author=Author.proxy(1)  //不會到數據去查詢實際數據

Book.findByAuthor(author)

author只是補助做用，不須要實際數據，若是用get方法效率低下

用proxy 方法實際沒有鏈接數據庫

4.便捷方法

• findOrCreate
• getAll
• read
• first
• last

5.Domain 數據很是大，不但願直接關聯，能夠採用間接關聯

class Book{

  static transients = ['author']
  
  Long authorId

  Author getAuthor(){
        Author.get(authorId)
  }

   void setAuthor(Author author){
        authorId=author.id   
   }

}

6.SQL Restrictions

def c = Person.createCriteria()
def peopleWithShortFirstNames = c.list {
    sqlRestriction "char_length(first_name) <= 4"
}

7.Query cache

修改 DataSource.groovy 使 cache.use_query_cache=true

hibernate {
    cache.use_second_level_cache=true
    cache.use_query_cache=true
    cache.provider_class='org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider'
}

使用 Query cache

def person = Person.findByFirstName("Fred", [cache: true])

def people = Person.withCriteria {
    like('firstName', 'Fr%')
    cache true
}

8.Where Queries

Grails 2.0 新增的簡潔強大查詢方式

def query = Person.where {
   firstName == "Bart"
}
Person bart = query.find()


class Person {
    static simpsons = where {
         lastName == "Simpson"
    }
    …
}
…
Person.simpsons.each {
    println it.firstname
}

9.Batch Updates and Deletes

def query = Person.where {
    lastName == 'Simpson'
}
int total = query.updateAll(lastName:"Bloggs")

def query = Person.where {
    lastName == 'Simpson'
}
int total = query.deleteAll()

10.Inheritance Strategies

默認是 table-per-hierarchy （每一個層級 一個表） 策略

若是但願table-per-subclass（每一個子類一個表） 策略 使用 tablePerHierarchy false

class Payment {
    Integer amount
    static mapping = {
        tablePerHierarchy false
    }
}

class CreditCardPayment extends Payment {
    String cardNumber
}