LAMP介紹，MySQL、MariaDB介紹 MySQL安裝，安裝mariadb，安裝Apache

時間 2019-12-23

標籤 lamp 介紹 mysql mariadb 安裝 apache 欄目 MySQL 简体版

原文原文鏈接

LAMP介紹

LAMP 是 linux + Apache（httpd） + MySQL + PHP

pache（httpd） + MySQL + PHP三個能夠在一臺機器上，也能夠分開，。可是Apache（httpd）和PHP是一隻都在一塊兒的。php

httpd 、PHP、MySQL三者如何工做。

用戶瀏覽器————>Apache————>PHP ————>MySQLhtml

Apache讀取分爲動態文件和靜態文件。mysql

動態文件，存在MySQL。如密碼，帖子，linux

靜態文件，圖片等，存在linux服務器裏。web

讀取動態文件，須要經過PHP再到MySQL。sql

MySQL/Mariadb介紹

MySQL是一個關係型數據庫，由mysql ab公司開發，mysql在2008年被sun公司收購（10億刀），2009年sun公司被oracle 公司收購（74億刀）數據庫

MySQL官網https://www..com 最新版本5.7GA/8.0DMRapache

MySQL5.6變化較大，5.7性能上有很大提高windows

Mariadb 爲MySQL的一個分支，官網https://mariadb.com/最新版本10.3api

MariaDB主要由SkySQL公司（現改名爲MariaDB公司）維護，SkySQL公司由MySQL原做者帶領大部分原班人馬創立。

Mariadb5.5版本對應MySQL的5.5，10.0對應MySQL5.6

Community 社區版本，Enterprise 企業版，GA 指通用版本，在生產環境中用的，DMR開發里程碑發佈版，RC發行候選版本，Beta開放測試版本，Alpha內部測試版本

安裝MySQL

MySQL的幾個經常使用安裝包：rpm、源碼、二進制免編譯
下載二進制免編譯包（二進制包要下載到/usr/local/src/下）

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@aminglinux-01 src]# ls
httpd-2.2.32  httpd-2.2.32.tar.gz

[root@aminglinux-01 src]# 
[root@aminglinux-01 src]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

地址在r.aminglinux.com找

解壓

tar zxvf mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@aminglinux-01 src]# mv mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

到這個目錄下建立一個mysql的用戶 ,在建立一個數據目錄

[root@aminglinux-01 src]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@aminglinux-01 mysql]# useradd mysql
[root@aminglinux-01 mysql]# mkdir /data/   (若是目錄已經存在無需建立)

而後初始化一下,指定用戶爲mysql,指定數據目錄

[root@aminglinux-01 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing ./scripts/mysql_install_db:
Data::Dumper
[root@aminglinux-01 mysql]#

提示缺乏Perl模塊

能夠百度或者google搜索問題。

或者搜索一下yum包：yum list |grep perl |grep -i dumper

[root@aminglinux-01 mysql]# yum list |grep perl |grep -i dumper
perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64                 2.145-3.el7                    base     
perl-Data-Dumper-Concise.noarch         2.020-6.el7                    epel     
perl-Data-Dumper-Names.noarch           0.03-17.el7                    epel     
perl-XML-Dumper.noarch                  0.81-17.el7                    base     
[root@aminglinux-01 mysql]#

若是不肯定是哪一個包就都安裝上

其實是依賴這個包: perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64

而後再進行初始化，進行指定

報錯

root@bigdata-159:/usr/local/mysql# ./bin/mysqld -- defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql
./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解決方法：

[root@example.com data]# yum install -y libaio  //安裝後在初始化就OK了

繼續初始化

Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/

The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at

  http://www.mysql.com

Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com

New default config file was created as ./my.cnf and
will be used by default by the server when you start it.
You may edit this file to change server settings

WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system
This file will be read by default by the MySQL server
If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the
--defaults-file argument to mysqld_safe when starting the server

[root@aminglinux-01 mysql]#

能夠echo $?一下，若是是0 ，證實沒有問題。初始化成功

[root@aminglinux-01 mysql]# echo $?
0

拷貝配置文件和啓動腳本

配置文件在 support-files/

[root@aminglinux-01 mysql]# ls support-files/
binary-configure  magic  my-default.cnf  mysqld_multi.server  mysql-log-rotate  mysql.server
[root@aminglinux-01 mysql]#

模板配置文件: my-default.cnf

拷貝默認配置文件就放到/etc/my.cnf

[root@aminglinux-01 mysql]# ls support-files/
binary-configure  magic  my-default.cnf  mysqld_multi.server  mysql-log-rotate  mysql.server
[root@aminglinux-01 mysql]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf  /etc/my.cnf
cp：是否覆蓋"/etc/my.cnf"？

若是以前就有了，多是哪個rpm包在安裝時候生成的，能夠rpm -qf /etc/my.cnf查看一下是那個rpm包生成的。也可使用。可是須要改一下配置文件。

如下是自帶my.cnf文件的修改。

[root@aminglinux-01 mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid

#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

~                                                                                                                                          
~                                                                                                                                          
~                                                                                                                                          


"/etc/my.cnf" 19L, 570C

改過以後

[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql      改
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock    改
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]
#log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log     改
#pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid      改

#
# include all files from the config directory
#
#!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d                 改

~

啓動腳本也在support-files/下面

須要copy [root@aminglinux-01 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server

[root@aminglinux-01 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@aminglinux-01 mysql]#

而後進行編輯

[root@aminglinux-01 mysql]# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld

須要修改幾個地方。

# in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files.

# If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get
# overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files.

basedir=/usr/local/mysql       須要修改
datadir=/data/mysql           須要修改

# Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting
# for server start.
# Value here is overriden by value in my.cnf.
# 0 means don't wait at all
# Negative numbers mean to wait indefinitely
service_startup_timeout=900

權限變動，755。默認也是755

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# ls -l /etc/init.d/mysqld 
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 10907 9月  27 09:42 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@aminglinux-01 ~]#

加入系統服務裏

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@aminglinux-01 ~]#

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# chkconfig --list

注意：該輸出結果只顯示 SysV 服務，並不包含原生 systemd 服務。SysV 配置數據可能被原生 systemd 配置覆蓋。 
      若是您想列出 systemd 服務,請執行 'systemctl list-unit-files'。
      欲查看對特定 target 啓用的服務請執行
      'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'。

mysqld         	0:關	1:關	2:開	3:開	4:開	5:開	6:關
netconsole     	0:關	1:關	2:關	3:關	4:關	5:關	6:關
network        	0:關	1:關	2:開	3:開	4:開	5:開	6:關
[root@aminglinux-01 ~]#

能夠手動起這個服務

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/aminglinux-01.err'.
.. SUCCESS! 
[root@aminglinux-01 ~]#

查看進程和端口

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# ps aux |grep mysql 
root       2372  0.0  0.1  11760  1600 pts/0    S    09:52   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/aminglinux-01.pid
mysql      2507  2.5 45.5 973048 455352 pts/0   Sl   09:52   0:02 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/aminglinux-01.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/aminglinux-01.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
root       2536  0.0  0.0 112664   976 pts/0    R+   09:54   0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@aminglinux-01 ~]#

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# netstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      910/sshd            
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1212/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      2507/mysqld         
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      910/sshd            
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      1212/master         
[root@aminglinux-01 ~]#

若是啓動腳本有問題或者沒有啓動模板等還有另外一種啓動方法。/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql &

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# service mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# !ps
ps aux |grep mysql 
root       2619  0.0  0.0 112664   976 pts/0    S+   10:00   0:00 grep --color=auto mysql

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe  --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql &(&符號是把命令丟到後臺去)
[1] 2648


[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# 170927 10:03:24 mysqld_safe Logging to '/data/mysql/aminglinux-01.err'.
170927 10:03:24 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# !ps
ps aux |grep mysql 
root       2648  0.0  0.1 113256  1588 pts/0    S    10:03   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
mysql      2771  0.7 45.0 973048 450268 pts/0   Sl   10:03   0:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/aminglinux-01.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/aminglinux-01.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
root       2804  0.0  0.0 112664   976 pts/0    R+   10:04   0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@aminglinux-01 ~]#

--defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf 指定配置文件所在目錄

命令行的開啓只能用kill來進行關閉服務,用killall更安全，否則會致使數據在內存中還沒寫到磁盤裏就殺掉了。killall 會先停掉，保存，而後殺掉。

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# killall mysqld
[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# 170927 10:36:39 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /data/mysql/aminglinux-01.pid ended

[1]+  完成                  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# !ps
ps aux |grep mysql 
root       3013  0.0  0.0 112664   972 pts/0    R+   10:36   0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@aminglinux-01 ~]#

若是進程殺了一分鐘尚未殺掉，可能還在寫數據，要在等一下子。

安裝mariadb

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# cd /usr/local/src 
[root@aminglinux-01 src]# wget https://downloads.mariadb.com/MariaDB/mariadb-10.2.6/bintar-linux-glibc_214-x86_64/mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz

下載好後,解壓,移動位置

httpd-2.2.32         mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64         mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
httpd-2.2.32.tar.gz  mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@aminglinux-01 src]# mv mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64 /usr/local/mariadb
[root@aminglinux-01 src]#

到這個文件夾下初始化，建立用戶，建立data

[root@aminglinux-01 mariadb]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mariadb
Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/data/mariadb' ...
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MariaDB root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

'./bin/mysqladmin' -u root password 'new-password'
'./bin/mysqladmin' -u root -h aminglinux-01 password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
'./bin/mysql_secure_installation'

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at http://mariadb.com/kb or the
MySQL manual for more instructions.

You can start the MariaDB daemon with:
cd '.' ; ./bin/mysqld_safe --datadir='/data/mariadb'

You can test the MariaDB daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd './mysql-test' ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems at http://mariadb.org/jira

The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/.
You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:
http://dev.mysql.com
Consider joining MariaDB's strong and vibrant community:
https://mariadb.org/get-involved/

[root@aminglinux-01 mariadb]# echo $?
0
[root@aminglinux-01 mariadb]#

而後該copy配置文件了。

[root@aminglinux-01 mariadb]# cd /usr/local/mariadb/
[root@aminglinux-01 mariadb]# ls support-files/
binary-configure  my-huge.cnf             my-large.cnf   my-small.cnf         mysql-log-rotate  policy     wsrep_notify
magic             my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf  my-medium.cnf  mysqld_multi.server  mysql.server      wsrep.cnf
[root@aminglinux-01 mariadb]#

這裏面有好幾個配置模板，怕跟以前裝的mysql衝突，因此此次換個文件夾copy

[root@aminglinux-01 mariadb]# cp support-files/my-small.cnf  /usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf
[root@aminglinux-01 mariadb]#

再copy一個啓動腳本

[root@aminglinux-01 mariadb]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mariadb
[root@aminglinux-01 mariadb]#

修改配置文件和啓動腳本，配置文件修改的話，須要改mysqld, 基本上不用改。

啓動腳本，須要修改

#
# If you want to affect other MySQL variables, you should make your changes
# in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files.

# If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get
# overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files.

basedir=/usr/local/mariadb    修改
datadir=/data/mariadb         修改
conf=$basedir/my.cnf          新加，新加後須要在下面啓動命令定義一下

# Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting
# for server start.
# Value here is overridden by value in my.cnf.
# 0 means don't wait at all

case "$mode" in
  'start')
    # Start daemon

    # Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..)
    cd $basedir

    echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL"
    if test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe
    then
      # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script
      # may be overwritten at next upgrade.
      $bindir/mysqld_safe （須要加的）--defaults-file=$conf  --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" "$@" &
      wait_for_ready; return_value=$?

      # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE
      if test -w "$lockdir"

定義conf是爲了避免跟以前安裝的mysql出現衝突，通常不會有mysql和mariadb同時安裝的狀況，若是隻有一個，能夠不用定義。直接把my.cnf 放到etc下

啓動一下

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mariadb start
Starting mariadb (via systemctl):                          [  肯定  ]
[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# ps aux |grep mariadb
root       2542  0.0  0.1 115380  1740 ?        S    23:01   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/aminglinux-01.pid
mysql      2658  5.9  5.8 1125120 58608 ?       Sl   23:01   0:01 /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mariadb --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mariadb/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/aminglinux-01.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/aminglinux-01.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root       2704  0.0  0.0 112664   972 pts/0    R+   23:01   0:00 grep --color=auto mariadb
[root@aminglinux-01 ~]#

安裝Apache

####　Apache是一個基金會的名字，httpd纔是咱們要安裝的軟件包，早期它的名字就叫apache
Apache官網www.apache.org
安裝Apache 2.4 源碼包,安裝須要手動編譯apr,因此先下載下來

2.4源碼包： http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.27.tar.gz

apr: http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.6.2.tar.gz

apr-util: http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.0.tar.bz2

先解壓
而後安裝 apr

apr和apr-util是一個通用的函數庫，它讓httpd 能夠不關心底層的操做系統平臺，能夠很方便的移植（從linux移植到windows）

[root@aminglinux-01 apr-1.6.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr

[root@aminglinux-01 apr-1.6.2]# make && make install

安裝下一個

[root@aminglinux-01 apr-1.6.2]# cd ../apr-util-1.6.0/
[root@aminglinux-01 apr-util-1.6.0]#  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr

[root@aminglinux-01 apr-util-1.6.0]# make && make install

出現報錯

xml/apr_xml.c:35:19: 致命錯誤：expat.h：沒有那個文件或目錄

可能缺expat的開發庫，yum install expat-devel解決

安裝httpd2.4

[root@aminglinux-01 httpd-2.4.27]#  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most

出現報錯

configure: error: pcre-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/

[root@aminglinux-01 httpd-2.4.27]# yum list |grep pcre 
pcre.x86_64                             8.32-15.el7_2.1                @anaconda
ghc-pcre-light.x86_64                   0.4-13.el7                     epel     
ghc-pcre-light-devel.x86_64             0.4-13.el7                     epel     
mingw32-pcre.noarch                     8.38-1.el7                     epel     
mingw32-pcre-static.noarch              8.38-1.el7                     epel     
mingw64-pcre.noarch                     8.38-1.el7                     epel     
mingw64-pcre-static.noarch              8.38-1.el7                     epel     
pcre.i686                               8.32-17.el7                    base     
pcre.x86_64                             8.32-17.el7                    base     
pcre-devel.i686                         8.32-17.el7                    base     
pcre-devel.x86_64                       8.32-17.el7                    base     
pcre-static.i686                        8.32-17.el7                    base     
pcre-static.x86_64                      8.32-17.el7                    base     
pcre-tools.x86_64                       8.32-17.el7                    base     
pcre2.i686                              10.23-2.el7                    base     
pcre2.x86_64                            10.23-2.el7                    base     
pcre2-devel.i686                        10.23-2.el7                    base     
pcre2-devel.x86_64                      10.23-2.el7                    base     
pcre2-static.i686                       10.23-2.el7                    base     
pcre2-static.x86_64                     10.23-2.el7                    base     
pcre2-tools.x86_64                      10.23-2.el7                    base     
pcre2-utf16.i686                        10.23-2.el7                    base     
pcre2-utf16.x86_64                      10.23-2.el7                    base     
pcre2-utf32.i686                        10.23-2.el7                    base     
pcre2-utf32.x86_64                      10.23-2.el7                    base     
[root@aminglinux-01 httpd-2.4.27]#

一般運行庫都是-devel或-lib，因此安裝下pcre-devel.x86_64

[root@aminglinux-01 httpd-2.4.27]# yum -y install pcre-devel.x86_64

[root@aminglinux-01 httpd-2.4.27]#  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most

[root@aminglinux-01 httpd-2.4.27]# echo $?
0

make 安裝

make

而後

make install

collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status 錯誤提示

####### collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status 錯誤提示 #####################
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [htpasswd] 錯誤 1
make[2]: 離開目錄「/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27/support」
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] 錯誤 1
make[1]: 離開目錄「/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.27/support」
make: *** [all-recursive] 錯誤 1

#### 解決辦法 1 ####(我是用這個解決的)
[root@LONG httpd-2.4.27]# make clean
[root@LONG httpd-2.4.27]# cd ..
[root@LONG src]# rm -rf apr-1.6.2
[root@LONG src]# rm -rf apr-util-1.6.0
[root@LONG src]# rm -rf httpd-2.4.27
# 從新安裝apr,apr-util,httpd

/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -M //查看加載的模塊

啓動Apache

[root@aminglinux-01 apache2]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl start
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using fe80::dbd:48aa:6994:bf39. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message

[root@aminglinux-01 apache2]# ps aux |grep httpd
root      55858  0.0  0.2  95520  2532 ?        Ss   00:41   0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    55859  0.0  0.4 382348  4428 ?        Sl   00:41   0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    55860  0.0  0.4 382348  4428 ?        Sl   00:41   0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    55861  0.0  0.4 382348  4428 ?        Sl   00:41   0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k start
root      55963  0.0  0.0 112668   972 pts/0    S+   00:42   0:00 grep --color=auto httpd
[root@aminglinux-01 apache2]# netstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      915/sshd            
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1414/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      2658/mysqld         
tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      55858/httpd         
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      915/sshd            
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      1414/master         
[root@aminglinux-01 apache2]#

成功安裝

PHP安裝

PHP官網: www.php.net
當前主流版本5.6/7.1
安裝

先下載

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.30.tar.bz2
--2017-09-28 13:58:22--  http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.30.tar.bz2
正在解析主機 cn2.php.net (cn2.php.net)... 202.108.35.250, 202.108.35.235
正在鏈接 cn2.php.net (cn2.php.net)|202.108.35.250|:80... 已鏈接。
已發出 HTTP 請求，正在等待迴應... 200 OK
長度：15011816 (14M) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: 「php-5.6.30.tar.bz2」

100%[=================================================================================================>] 15,011,816  3.70MB/s 用時 4.2s   

2017-09-28 13:58:27 (3.44 MB/s) - 已保存 「php-5.6.30.tar.bz2」 [15011816/15011816])

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]#

解壓: tar jxvf php-5.6.30.tar.bz2

編譯php

[root@aminglinux-01 src]# cd php-5.6.30/
[root@aminglinux-01 php-5.6.30]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif

--prefix=/usr/local/php 指定安裝目錄

--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apxs 這個是apache的一個工具，這個工具可讓咱們不用人工的干涉它，會自動的幫把擴展的模塊放到apache的modules，而且在配置文件里加上一行load ，modules

--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc 指定配置文件所在路徑

--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql 指定mysql的路徑

報錯：configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.

缺乏庫：yum install -y libxml2-devel

又報錯：configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's <evp.h>

yum install -y openssl-devel

報錯：configure: error: Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution

yum install -y bzip2-devel

報錯：configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.

yum install -y libjpeg-devel

報錯：configure: error: png.h not found.

yum install -y libpng-devel

報錯： configure: error: freetype-config not found.

yum install -y freetype-devel

報錯： configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.

yum install -y epel-release  先安裝擴展源
 yum install -y libmcrypt-devel

出現這個就表明安裝好啦

+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License:                                                           |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this     |
| distribution in the file LICENSE.  By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement.     |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point.                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

Thank you for using PHP.

config.status: creating php5.spec
config.status: creating main/build-defs.h
config.status: creating scripts/phpize
config.status: creating scripts/man1/phpize.1
config.status: creating scripts/php-config
config.status: creating scripts/man1/php-config.1
config.status: creating sapi/cli/php.1
config.status: creating sapi/cgi/php-cgi.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.phar.1
config.status: creating main/php_config.h
config.status: executing default commands
[root@aminglinux-01 php-5.6.30]#

安裝：make

make install

copy配置文件（由於以前編譯參數有定義過，因此須要改一下）

[root@aminglinux-01 php-5.6.30]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

查看是否有配置文件

[root@aminglinux-01 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -i |less






PHP Warning:  Unknown: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected the timezone 'UTC' for now, but please set date.timezone to select your timezone. in Unknown on line 0
phpinfo()
PHP Version => 5.6.30

System => Linux aminglinux-01 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Nov 22 16:42:41 UTC 2016 x86_64
Build Date => Sep 28 2017 15:40:08
Configure Command =>  './configure'  '--prefix=/usr/local/php' '--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apxs' '--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc' '--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql' '--with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql' '--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config' '--with-libxml-dir' '--with-gd' '--with-jpeg-dir' '--with-png-dir' '--with-freetype-dir' '--with-iconv-dir' '--with-zlib-dir' '--with-bz2' '--with-openssl' '--with-mcrypt' '--enable-soap' '--enable-gd-native-ttf' '--enable-mbstring' '--enable-sockets' '--enable-exif'
Server API => Command Line Interface
Virtual Directory Support => enabled
Configuration File (php.ini) Path => /usr/local/php/etc
Loaded Configuration File => /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

php只是做爲Apache的模塊應用，因此不須要啓動。

PHP7.1

7.1源碼包： http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-7.1.6.tar.bz2

[root@aminglinux-01 php-7.1.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php7/etc --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif

make && make install

模塊：ls /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp7.so

同拷貝配置文件：cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

配置httpd支持php

httpd主配置文件/usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf

打開它，這裏面有4個地方須要修改。

第一個ServerName須要修改，

# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
#
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
#
#ServerName www.example.com:80

#

改爲以下，否則啓動會提示有警告

# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
#
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
#
ServerName www.example.com:80

#

改完如發現如下錯誤，系統安裝了php5，和7 把php7註釋掉就恢復。

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl restart
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using fe80::dbd:48aa:6994:bf39. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
httpd not running, trying to start
/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl: 行 79: 127106 段錯誤               $HTTPD -k $ARGV
[root@aminglinux-01 ~]#

在運行一次，就不會有提示警告了，若是出現如下錯誤，說明同時起了兩個php，把php7.1註釋掉就行了

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl restart
httpd not running, trying to start
/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl: 行 79: 127111 段錯誤               $HTTPD -k $ARGV
[root@aminglinux-01 ~]#

註釋：在php.conf 找到php7

LoadModule php5_module        modules/libphp5.so
#LoadModule php7_module        modules/libphp7.so

第二個修改處 Require all denied 修改成granted

<Directory />
    AllowOverride none
    Require all denied
</Directory>

改成：

<Directory />
    AllowOverride none
    Require all granted
</Directory>

修改他的目的是，容許全部請求，若是不設置該行，則咱們訪問的時候會報403錯誤。

第三個修改：再搜索下面這一行：

AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

下面添加一行：

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

不加不能php解析

第四個更改，接着找到下面這一段：

<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>

將該行修改成：

<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
</IfModule>

而後

[root@aminglinux-01 httpd-2.4.27]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
[root@aminglinux-01 httpd-2.4.27]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful 
[root@aminglinux-01 httpd-2.4.27]#

測試一下是否能正確解析php

建立一個腳本（都是在htdocs目錄下）

vi /usr/local/apache2.4/htdocs/1.php

寫入一下內容

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

臨時開啓80端口，否則window瀏覽器沒法訪問

iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

apache正常啓動的狀況，用網頁是能夠

graceful 從新加載配置文件

[root@aminglinux-01 httpd-2.4.27]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful 
[root@aminglinux-01 httpd-2.4.27]#

-t 檢查服務配置文件的語法是否正確

[root@aminglinux-01 ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK

而後訪問：http://192.168.245.128/1.php 若是能正常訪問，說明php解析正常。

若是沒有成功解析，能夠-M查看有沒有加載php模塊。

擴展

mysql5.5源碼編譯安裝 http://www.aminglinux.com/bbs/thread-1059-1-1.html
mysql5.7二進制包安裝（變化較大） http://www.apelearn.com/bbs/thread-10105-1-1.html
apache dso https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/6298

相關標籤/搜索

每日一句

每一个你不满意的现在，都有一个你没有努力的曾经。

LAMP介紹，MySQL、MariaDB介紹 MySQL安裝，安裝mariadb，安裝Apache

LAMP介紹

LAMP 是 linux + Apache（httpd） + MySQL + PHP

httpd 、PHP、MySQL三者如何工做。

MySQL/Mariadb介紹

安裝MySQL

MySQL的幾個經常使用安裝包：rpm、源碼、二進制免編譯

下載二進制免編譯包（二進制包要下載到/usr/local/src/下）

解壓

改一下文件目錄的名字

到這個目錄下 建立一個mysql的用戶 ,在建立一個數據目錄

而後初始化一下,指定用戶爲mysql,指定數據目錄

拷貝配置文件和啓動腳本

啓動腳本也在support-files/下面

安裝mariadb

下載好後,解壓,移動位置

到這個文件夾下初始化，建立用戶，建立data

而後該copy配置文件了。

再copy一個啓動腳本

啓動一下

安裝Apache

Apache官網www.apache.org

安裝Apache 2.4 源碼包,安裝須要手動編譯apr,因此先下載下來

先解壓

而後安裝 apr

PHP安裝

PHP官網: www.php.net

當前主流版本5.6/7.1

安裝

PHP7.1

7.1源碼包： http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-7.1.6.tar.bz2

配置httpd支持php

httpd主配置文件/usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf

第一個ServerName須要修改，

第二個修改處 Require all denied 修改成granted

測試一下是否能正確解析php

臨時開啓80端口，否則window瀏覽器沒法訪問

graceful 從新加載配置文件

-t 檢查服務配置文件的語法是否正確

擴展

到這個目錄下建立一個mysql的用戶 ,在建立一個數據目錄