ansible的playbook劇本

若是用模塊形式通常有冪等性，若是用shell或者command沒有冪等性
playbooks至關於shell的腳本，能夠吧執行的任務寫到文件當一次執行，方便調用
tasks：一個task至關因而一個play
varobles：變量，一個定義，屢次調用
template：模板。能夠區分不一樣主機的特色
handlers：觸發器，依賴於前一個任務，前一個任務若是執行改變，那麼就會觸發handlers
1.vim /etc/ansible/hosts
[zxw]
192.168.126.7 ansible_ssh_user=root ansible_ssh_port=22 ansible_ssh_pass=123
192.168.126.6 ansible_ssh_user=root ansible_ssh_port=22 ansible_ssh_pass=123
~

基本格式

- hosts: zxw
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: copy httpd.conf
copy: src=name dest=name
- name: restarted httpd
service: name=httpd state=restarted

Vim name.yaml
- hosts: zxw 定義的組 （IP，all，組名）
remote_user: root 主機執行
tasks: 任務
- name: copy httpd.conf 任務名字
copy: src=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 模塊 本地文件 dest=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 目標文件
- name: restarted httpd
service: name=httpd state=restarted
[root@zxw8 ~]# ansible-playbook host.yaml

192.168.126.7 : ok=3 changed=2 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
執行3個| 修給2個| 不可達=0 | 失敗=0| 跳過=0| 獲救=0| 忽略=0

定義變量：
第一種：
- hosts: zxw
remote_user: root
vars:
- file: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
tasks:
- name: copy httpd.conf
copy: src={{ file }} dest={{ file }}
- name: restarted httpd
service: name=httpd state=restarted
第二種：
vim /etc/ansible/hosts
[zxw:vars]
file= /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
packages=tree2
第三種：
[root@zxw8 ~]# ansible-playbook host.yaml --extra-vars "file=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf "

註冊變量:
register註冊變量:把date命令輸出的結果賦予給date_output

- hosts: zxw
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: get date
command: date
register: date_output
- name: echo date_output
shell: "echo {{date_output.stdout}} > /root/zxw.txt"
[root@zxw8 ~]# ansible-playbook date.yaml

when語句:
when條件語句:能夠根據setup顯示出客戶端信息爲依據來判斷
[root@zxw8 ~]# ansible zxw -m setup | more
列出客戶端詳細信息
- hosts: zxw
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: mkdir when
command: 'mkdir when'
when: ansible_distribution == "CentOS" and ansible_distribution_major_version == "7"

異常處理:
ignore_errors:若是任務出錯，直接跳過，不會影響其餘任務

- hosts: zxw
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: touch zhao
command: 'touch zhao'
ignore_errors: yes
- name: restarted httpd
service: name=httpd state=restarted
ignore_errors: yes

循環語句:
第一種:
{{ item }}:循環建立
建立
- hosts: zxw
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: add many users
user: name={{ item }} state=present
with_items:
- user1
- user2
- user3
刪除：
user: name={{ item }} state=absent
- hosts: zxw
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: yum many rujian
yum: name={{ item }} state=latest
with_items:
- samba
- vsftpd
- nfs-utils
- rpcbind

第二種:
- hosts: 192.168.254.12
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: add several user
user: name={{item.name}} state=present groups={{item.groups}}
with_items:
- { name: 'testuser1', groups: 'wheel'}
- { name: 'testuser2', groups: 'root'}
觸發器:
handlers:若是執行的任務被改變那麼會觸發handlers的任務
- hosts: zxw
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: copy httpd.conf
copy: src=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
notify:
- service httpd restarted
handlers:
- name: service httpd restarted
service: name=httpd state=restarted

模板拷貝:
template，用來區分不一樣客戶端上的特性
- hosts: zxw
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: copy httpd.conf
template: src=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
notify:
- service httpd restarted
handlers:
- name: service httpd restarted
service: name=httpd state=restarted
[root@zxw8 ~]]# cat /etc/ansible/hosts
[zxw]
192.168.126.7 ansible_ssh_user=root ansible_ssh_port=22 ansible_ssh_pass=123 prot=80
192.168.126.6 ansible_ssh_user=root ansible_ssh_port=22 ansible_ssh_pass=123 prot=80

[root@zxw8 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 查看版本
1 .對劇本語法檢測：
ansible-playbook --syntax-check  /root/ansible/httpd.yaml
 
2.-C模擬執行劇本：
ansible-playbook  -C /root/ansible/httpd.yaml
 
3.執行劇本：
ansible-playbook   /root/ansible/httpd.yaml
 

示例1：基礎

 

 

示例2：變量

 

 

示例3：迭代

 

 

 示例4：觸發器notify

 

示例5：模板templates