Java應用服務器之tomcat部署
1、相關術語簡介php
首先咱們來了解下tomcat是什麼，tomcat是apache軟件基金會中的一個項目，由apache、Sun 和其餘一些公司及我的共同開發而成。主要做用是提供servlet和jsp類庫；tomcat是一個免費開源的web服務器，它和nginx、httpd服務不一樣的是，它不擅長處理HTML代碼，更多的是處理JSP程序；有點相似fpm服務專門處理php程序；html
jdk：java開發工具箱（Java Development Kit ），主要提供java開發相關工具包，庫文件以及jre和jvm相關組件，能夠理解爲java編程語言的一個基礎標準庫環境相關組件包和開發公具相關組件。java
jre：java運行時環境（Java runtime environment），該軟件主要提供運行Java程序的環境；咱們能夠理解jre就是jvm和一些標準類庫組成的一個Java程序運行環境；node
提示：從上面的圖能夠了解到JDK包含JRE，JRE包含jvm；python
jvm：Java虛擬機（Java virtual machine）主要做用是讓Java程序實現跨平臺，咱們能夠理解Java虛擬機的做用就是在轉換不一樣操做系統底層的API；這樣一來Java程序員就直接面向jvm提供的API進行編程，從而不用考慮其餘操做系統底層API的不一樣；以下圖linux
提示：從上圖就能夠了解到jvm的重要性，它能夠實現程序員一次編碼，處處運行，正是jvm解決了底層操做系統不一樣API問題，使得java程序能夠在任何具備jvm的設備上運行；nginx
2、JDK安裝git
一、oracle jdk安裝程序員
oracle jdk 是oracle官方提供的一個jdk，安裝咱們能夠直接去官方下載對應版本的包，到本地服務器便可；官方下載地址https://www.oracle.com/cn/java/technologies/javase-downloads.html；web
提示：我這裏是提早下載好了的，上面官方地址還須要註冊挺麻煩的；下載好rpm ，而後直接使用yum安裝便可
[root@lxc java]# yum install ./jdk-8u211-linux-x64.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Examining ./jdk-8u211-linux-x64.rpm: 2000:jdk1.8-1.8.0_211-fcs.x86_64
Marking ./jdk-8u211-linux-x64.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package jdk1.8.x86_64 2000:1.8.0_211-fcs will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
====================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
====================================================================================================
Installing:
jdk1.8 x86_64 2000:1.8.0_211-fcs /jdk-8u211-linux-x64 297 M
Transaction Summary
====================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total size: 297 M
Installed size: 297 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : 2000:jdk1.8-1.8.0_211-fcs.x86_64 1/1
Unpacking JAR files...
tools.jar...
plugin.jar...
javaws.jar...
deploy.jar...
rt.jar...
jsse.jar...
charsets.jar...
localedata.jar...
Verifying : 2000:jdk1.8-1.8.0_211-fcs.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
jdk1.8.x86_64 2000:1.8.0_211-fcs
Complete!
[root@lxc java]#
提示：固然直接使用rpm -ivh 也是能夠直接安裝的，這個jdk幾乎沒有依賴關係，因此能夠直接經過rpm安裝；一般有依賴關係的包建議仍是使用yum去解決依賴關係；
查看jdk-8u211-linux-x64.rpm生成的文件
[root@lxc java]# rpm -qpi ./jdk-8u211-linux-x64.rpm warning: ./jdk-8u211-linux-x64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY Name : jdk1.8 Epoch : 2000 Version : 1.8.0_211 Release : fcs Architecture: x86_64 Install Date: (not installed) Group : Development/Tools Size : 311820630 License : https://java.com/bc_license Signature : RSA/SHA256, Tue 02 Apr 2019 12:06:57 AM EDT, Key ID 72f97b74ec551f03 Source RPM : jdk1.8-1.8.0_211-fcs.src.rpm Build Date : Mon 01 Apr 2019 11:55:52 PM EDT Build Host : java.com Relocations : /usr/java Vendor : Oracle Corporation URL : http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/overview/index.html Summary : Java Platform Standard Edition Development Kit Description : The Java Platform Standard Edition Development Kit (JDK) includes both the runtime environment (Java virtual machine, the Java platform classes and supporting files) and development tools (compilers, debuggers, tool libraries and other tools). The JDK is a development environment for building applications, applets and components that can be deployed with the Java Platform Standard Edition Runtime Environment. [root@lxc java]# rpm -ql jdk1.8 /usr /usr/java /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64 /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/.java /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/.java/.systemPrefs /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/.java/.systemPrefs/.system.lock /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/.java/.systemPrefs/.systemRootModFile /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/.java/init.d /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/.java/init.d/jexec /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/COPYRIGHT /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/LICENSE /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/README.html /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/THIRDPARTYLICENSEREADME-JAVAFX.txt /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/THIRDPARTYLICENSEREADME.txt /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/bin /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/bin/ControlPanel /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/bin/appletviewer /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/bin/extcheck ……省略部份內容
提示：下載好的rpm包安裝後，若是要查詢其對應安裝了那些文件，咱們首先要知道它的名稱是什麼，用rpm -qpi命令能夠查看到對應名稱，而後咱們再經過rpm -ql查看對應名稱的軟件安裝生成了那些文件；從上面的信息能夠看到jdk1.8生成的文件都在/usr/java/目錄下；
提示：從上面的截圖能夠了解到在/usr/java/目錄下有兩個軟鏈接，default默認指向了latest這個軟鏈接，latest軟鏈接指向了jdk1.8；這意味着jdk能夠同時存在多個版本，咱們只須要把對應軟鏈接修改了便可更新到新的版本；這裏須要提醒下，若是多版本並存的狀況，咱們可使用alternatives工具來切換；
alternatives工具多版本相互切換
切換前，默認使用1.8.0.211版本
[root@lxc java]# alternatives --config java There is 1 program that provides 'java'. Selection Command ----------------------------------------------- *+ 1 /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/jre/bin/java Enter to keep the current selection[+], or type selection number: 1 [root@lxc java]# alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79/bin/java 2 [root@lxc java]# alternatives --config java There are 2 programs which provide 'java'. Selection Command ----------------------------------------------- *+ 1 /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/jre/bin/java 2 /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79/bin/java Enter to keep the current selection[+], or type selection number: 2 [root@lxc java]# java -version java version "1.7.0_79" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_79-b15) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode) [root@lxc java]# alternatives --config java There are 2 programs which provide 'java'. Selection Command ----------------------------------------------- * 1 /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_211-amd64/jre/bin/java + 2 /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79/bin/java Enter to keep the current selection[+], or type selection number: 1 [root@lxc java]# java -version java version "1.8.0_211" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_211-b12) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.211-b12, mixed mode) [root@lxc java]#
提示：能夠看到能夠根據本身須要來回切換jdk的版本；到此oracle jdk的安裝就完成了；
二、openjdk安裝
[root@docker_node01 ~]# yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk Loaded plugins: fastestmirror base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 docker-ce-stable | 3.5 kB 00:00:00 epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00 extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 (1/4): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:00 (2/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 205 kB 00:00:00 (3/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 3.0 MB 00:00:01 (4/4): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 6.8 MB 00:00:01 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 1:1.8.0.252.b09-2.el7_8 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless(x86-64) = 1:1.8.0.252.b09-2.el7_8 for package: 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.252.b09-2.el7_8.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: xorg-x11-fonts-Type1 for package: 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.252.b09-2.el7_8.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libjvm.so(SUNWprivate_1.1)(64bit) for package: 1:java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.252.b09-2.el7_8.x86_64 ……省略部份內容 Installed: java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 1:1.8.0.252.b09-2.el7_8 Dependency Installed: atk.x86_64 0:2.28.1-2.el7 cairo.x86_64 0:1.15.12-4.el7 copy-jdk-configs.noarch 0:3.3-10.el7_5 cups-libs.x86_64 1:1.6.3-43.el7 fribidi.x86_64 0:1.0.2-1.el7_7.1 gdk-pixbuf2.x86_64 0:2.36.12-3.el7 giflib.x86_64 0:4.1.6-9.el7 graphite2.x86_64 0:1.3.10-1.el7_3 gtk-update-icon-cache.x86_64 0:3.22.30-5.el7 gtk2.x86_64 0:2.24.31-1.el7 harfbuzz.x86_64 0:1.7.5-2.el7 hicolor-icon-theme.noarch 0:0.12-7.el7 jasper-libs.x86_64 0:1.900.1-33.el7 java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 1:1.8.0.252.b09-2.el7_8 javapackages-tools.noarch 0:3.4.1-11.el7 jbigkit-libs.x86_64 0:2.0-11.el7 libICE.x86_64 0:1.0.9-9.el7 libSM.x86_64 0:1.2.2-2.el7 libXcomposite.x86_64 0:0.4.4-4.1.el7 libXcursor.x86_64 0:1.1.15-1.el7 libXdamage.x86_64 0:1.1.4-4.1.el7 libXext.x86_64 0:1.3.3-3.el7 libXfixes.x86_64 0:5.0.3-1.el7 libXft.x86_64 0:2.3.2-2.el7 libXi.x86_64 0:1.7.9-1.el7 libXinerama.x86_64 0:1.1.3-2.1.el7 libXrandr.x86_64 0:1.5.1-2.el7 libXrender.x86_64 0:0.9.10-1.el7 libXtst.x86_64 0:1.2.3-1.el7 libXxf86vm.x86_64 0:1.1.4-1.el7 libfontenc.x86_64 0:1.1.3-3.el7 libglvnd.x86_64 1:1.0.1-0.8.git5baa1e5.el7 libglvnd-egl.x86_64 1:1.0.1-0.8.git5baa1e5.el7 libglvnd-glx.x86_64 1:1.0.1-0.8.git5baa1e5.el7 libthai.x86_64 0:0.1.14-9.el7 libtiff.x86_64 0:4.0.3-32.el7 libwayland-client.x86_64 0:1.15.0-1.el7 libwayland-server.x86_64 0:1.15.0-1.el7 libxshmfence.x86_64 0:1.2-1.el7 lksctp-tools.x86_64 0:1.0.17-2.el7 mesa-libEGL.x86_64 0:18.3.4-7.el7_8.1 mesa-libGL.x86_64 0:18.3.4-7.el7_8.1 mesa-libgbm.x86_64 0:18.3.4-7.el7_8.1 mesa-libglapi.x86_64 0:18.3.4-7.el7_8.1 pango.x86_64 0:1.42.4-4.el7_7 pcsc-lite-libs.x86_64 0:1.8.8-8.el7 pixman.x86_64 0:0.34.0-1.el7 python-javapackages.noarch 0:3.4.1-11.el7 python-lxml.x86_64 0:3.2.1-4.el7 ttmkfdir.x86_64 0:3.0.9-42.el7 tzdata-java.noarch 0:2020a-1.el7 xorg-x11-font-utils.x86_64 1:7.5-21.el7 xorg-x11-fonts-Type1.noarch 0:7.5-9.el7 Dependency Updated: glib2.x86_64 0:2.56.1-5.el7 libdrm.x86_64 0:2.4.97-2.el7 Complete! [root@docker_node01 ~]#
提示：安裝openjdk使用yum安裝須要注意命名，一般是java-版本號-openjdk；到此openjdk就安裝好了，後續的版本切換也可使用alternatives命令來切換便可和oracle jdk使用沒有特別的不一樣；除了以上方式安裝，固然咱們也能夠去下載二進制包，直接展開就能夠，二進制包安裝須要注意建立環境變量文件；好了安裝jdk就不過多闡述了；接下來咱們就能夠安裝tomcat了；
3、tomcat安裝
[root@docker_node01 ~]# yum info tomcat
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Available Packages
Name : tomcat
Arch : noarch
Version : 7.0.76
Release : 12.el7_8
Size : 92 k
Repo : updates/7/x86_64
Summary : Apache Servlet/JSP Engine, RI for Servlet 3.0/JSP 2.2 API
URL : http://tomcat.apache.org/
License : ASL 2.0
Description : Tomcat is the servlet container that is used in the official Reference
: Implementation for the Java Servlet and JavaServer Pages technologies.
: The Java Servlet and JavaServer Pages specifications are developed by
: Sun under the Java Community Process.
:
: Tomcat is developed in an open and participatory environment and
: released under the Apache Software License version 2.0. Tomcat is intended
: to be a collaboration of the best-of-breed developers from around the world.
[root@docker_node01 ~]#
提示：能夠看到在updates倉庫中有tomcat包，可是版本有點低，若是想要安裝新一點的包，能夠去官網下載對應包安裝便可；官網地址：http://tomcat.apache.org/；
[root@docker_node01 ~]# yum install tomcat -y Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package tomcat.noarch 0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: tomcat-lib = 7.0.76-12.el7_8 for package: tomcat-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch --> Processing Dependency: apache-commons-pool for package: tomcat-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch --> Processing Dependency: apache-commons-logging for package: tomcat-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch --> Processing Dependency: apache-commons-dbcp for package: tomcat-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch --> Processing Dependency: apache-commons-daemon for package: tomcat-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch --> Processing Dependency: apache-commons-collections for package: tomcat-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch --> Running transaction check ……省略部份內容 Installed: tomcat.noarch 0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 Dependency Installed: apache-commons-collections.noarch 0:3.2.1-22.el7_2 apache-commons-daemon.x86_64 0:1.0.13-7.el7 apache-commons-dbcp.noarch 0:1.4-17.el7 apache-commons-logging.noarch 0:1.1.2-7.el7 apache-commons-pool.noarch 0:1.6-9.el7 avalon-framework.noarch 0:4.3-10.el7 avalon-logkit.noarch 0:2.1-14.el7 ecj.x86_64 1:4.5.2-3.el7 geronimo-jms.noarch 0:1.1.1-19.el7 geronimo-jta.noarch 0:1.1.1-17.el7 javamail.noarch 0:1.4.6-8.el7 log4j.noarch 0:1.2.17-16.el7_4 tomcat-el-2.2-api.noarch 0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 tomcat-jsp-2.2-api.noarch 0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 tomcat-lib.noarch 0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 tomcat-servlet-3.0-api.noarch 0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 xalan-j2.noarch 0:2.7.1-23.el7 xerces-j2.noarch 0:2.11.0-17.el7_0 xml-commons-apis.noarch 0:1.4.01-16.el7 xml-commons-resolver.noarch 0:1.2-15.el7 Complete! [root@docker_node01 ~]#
查看tomcat包安裝所生成的文件
[root@docker_node01 ~]# rpm -ql tomcat /etc/logrotate.d/tomcat /etc/sysconfig/tomcat /etc/tomcat /etc/tomcat/Catalina /etc/tomcat/Catalina/localhost /etc/tomcat/catalina.policy /etc/tomcat/catalina.properties /etc/tomcat/conf.d /etc/tomcat/conf.d/README /etc/tomcat/context.xml /etc/tomcat/log4j.properties /etc/tomcat/logging.properties /etc/tomcat/server.xml /etc/tomcat/tomcat-users.xml /etc/tomcat/tomcat.conf /etc/tomcat/web.xml /usr/bin/tomcat-digest /usr/bin/tomcat-tool-wrapper /usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat@.service /usr/libexec/tomcat /usr/libexec/tomcat/functions /usr/libexec/tomcat/preamble /usr/libexec/tomcat/server /usr/sbin/tomcat /usr/share/doc/tomcat-7.0.76 /usr/share/doc/tomcat-7.0.76/LICENSE /usr/share/doc/tomcat-7.0.76/NOTICE /usr/share/doc/tomcat-7.0.76/RELEASE-NOTES /usr/share/tomcat /usr/share/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar /usr/share/tomcat/bin/catalina-tasks.xml /usr/share/tomcat/conf /usr/share/tomcat/lib /usr/share/tomcat/logs /usr/share/tomcat/temp /usr/share/tomcat/webapps /usr/share/tomcat/work /var/cache/tomcat /var/cache/tomcat/temp /var/cache/tomcat/work /var/lib/tomcat /var/lib/tomcat/webapps /var/lib/tomcats /var/log/tomcat /var/log/tomcat/catalina.out [root@docker_node01 ~]#
提示：/etc/tomcat/是tomcat的配置文件目錄，存放tomcat配置相關文件；/usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service是tomcat的unit file啓動腳本；/var/log/tomcat/catalina.out是tomcat的日誌文件；
啓動tomcat
提示：tomcat默認監聽在tcp的8080端口；
測試：用瀏覽器訪問對應服務器上的8080端口，看看是否訪問到tomcat的默認提供的頁面？
提示：能夠看到用瀏覽器展現訪問不到對應頁面，提示咱們404；這說明咱們訪問的頁面不存在，緣由是咱們只安裝了tomcat的程序包，並無安裝任何webapp，因此對應目錄下都沒有頁面存在，因此咱們如今訪問提示咱們404；
提示：對應目錄下並無任何的頁面，因此咱們訪問時訪問不到的；
安裝tomcat-webapps、tomcat-docs-webapp 、tomcat-admin-webapps
[root@docker_node01 ~]# yum install -y tomcat-webapps tomcat-admin-webapps tomcat-docs-webapp Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package tomcat-admin-webapps.noarch 0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 will be installed ---> Package tomcat-docs-webapp.noarch 0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 will be installed ---> Package tomcat-webapps.noarch 0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: jakarta-taglibs-standard >= 1.1 for package: tomcat-webapps-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch --> Running transaction check ---> Package jakarta-taglibs-standard.noarch 0:1.1.2-14.el7_1 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ==================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ==================================================================================================== Installing: tomcat-admin-webapps noarch 7.0.76-12.el7_8 updates 40 k tomcat-docs-webapp noarch 7.0.76-12.el7_8 updates 721 k tomcat-webapps noarch 7.0.76-12.el7_8 updates 341 k Installing for dependencies: jakarta-taglibs-standard noarch 1.1.2-14.el7_1 base 303 k Transaction Summary ==================================================================================================== Install 3 Packages (+1 Dependent package) Total download size: 1.4 M Installed size: 5.4 M Downloading packages: (1/4): jakarta-taglibs-standard-1.1.2-14.el7_1.noarch.rpm | 303 kB 00:00:00 (2/4): tomcat-admin-webapps-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch.rpm | 40 kB 00:00:00 (3/4): tomcat-webapps-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch.rpm | 341 kB 00:00:00 (4/4): tomcat-docs-webapp-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch.rpm | 721 kB 00:00:00 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 2.7 MB/s | 1.4 MB 00:00:00 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : jakarta-taglibs-standard-1.1.2-14.el7_1.noarch 1/4 Installing : tomcat-webapps-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch 2/4 Installing : tomcat-docs-webapp-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch 3/4 Installing : tomcat-admin-webapps-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch 4/4 Verifying : tomcat-admin-webapps-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch 1/4 Verifying : jakarta-taglibs-standard-1.1.2-14.el7_1.noarch 2/4 Verifying : tomcat-webapps-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch 3/4 Verifying : tomcat-docs-webapp-7.0.76-12.el7_8.noarch 4/4 Installed: tomcat-admin-webapps.noarch 0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 tomcat-docs-webapp.noarch 0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 tomcat-webapps.noarch 0:7.0.76-12.el7_8 Dependency Installed: jakarta-taglibs-standard.noarch 0:1.1.2-14.el7_1 Complete! [root@docker_node01 ~]#
查看/usr/shar/tomcat/webapps/下是否有文件？
提示：能夠看到在/usr/share/tomcat/webapps/下已經有文件生成了，接下來咱們再用瀏覽器訪問下8080端口，看看是否可以訪問到頁面呢？
提示：能夠看到咱們可以正常訪問到頁面，說明tomcat環境搭建已經完成；後續咱們就能夠把java開發的一些jsp程序部署到tomcat上使用了；
官方下載tomcat部署
[root@lxc java]# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.57/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.57.tar.gz --2020-07-14 13:09:04-- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.57/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.57.tar.gz Resolving mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)... 101.6.8.193, 2402:f000:1:408:8100::1 Connecting to mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)|101.6.8.193|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 10379806 (9.9M) [application/octet-stream] Saving to: ‘apache-tomcat-8.5.57.tar.gz’ 100%[==========================================================>] 10,379,806 1.90MB/s in 5.2s 2020-07-14 13:09:10 (1.90 MB/s) - ‘apache-tomcat-8.5.57.tar.gz’ saved [10379806/10379806] [root@lxc java]# ls apache-tomcat-8.5.57.tar.gz jdk-7u79-linux-x64.rpm jdk-8u211-linux-x64.rpm [root@lxc java]#
提示：官方默認只提供了二進制包和源碼包，沒有rpm包，因此咱們下載二進制包解壓到對應目錄便可；
[root@lxc java]# mkdir /usr/share/tomcat [root@lxc java]# tar xf apache-tomcat-8.5.57.tar.gz -C /usr/share/tomcat [root@lxc java]# cd /usr/share/tomcat [root@lxc tomcat]# ls apache-tomcat-8.5.57 [root@lxc tomcat]#
建立軟鏈接
[root@lxc tomcat]# ln -s apache-tomcat-8.5.57 tomcat [root@lxc tomcat]# ll total 0 drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 220 Jul 14 13:10 apache-tomcat-8.5.57 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Jul 14 13:12 tomcat -> apache-tomcat-8.5.57 [root@lxc tomcat]#
建立tomcat用戶
[root@lxc tomcat]# useradd -r tomcat [root@lxc tomcat]# getent passwd tomcat tomcat:x:996:992::/home/tomcat:/bin/bash [root@lxc tomcat]#
更改/usr/share/tomcat/tomcat屬主/組權限爲tomcat
[root@lxc tomcat]# ll total 124 drwxr-x--- 2 root root 4096 Jul 14 13:10 bin -rw-r----- 1 root root 19318 Jun 30 17:53 BUILDING.txt drwx------ 2 root root 238 Jun 30 17:53 conf -rw-r----- 1 root root 5408 Jun 30 17:53 CONTRIBUTING.md drwxr-x--- 2 root root 4096 Jul 14 13:10 lib -rw-r----- 1 root root 57011 Jun 30 17:53 LICENSE drwxr-x--- 2 root root 6 Jun 30 17:49 logs -rw-r----- 1 root root 1726 Jun 30 17:53 NOTICE -rw-r----- 1 root root 3255 Jun 30 17:53 README.md -rw-r----- 1 root root 7136 Jun 30 17:53 RELEASE-NOTES -rw-r----- 1 root root 16262 Jun 30 17:53 RUNNING.txt drwxr-x--- 2 root root 30 Jul 14 13:10 temp drwxr-x--- 7 root root 81 Jun 30 17:50 webapps drwxr-x--- 2 root root 6 Jun 30 17:49 work [root@lxc tomcat]# chown -R tomcat:tomcat ./* [root@lxc tomcat]# ll total 124 drwxr-x--- 2 tomcat tomcat 4096 Jul 14 13:10 bin -rw-r----- 1 tomcat tomcat 19318 Jun 30 17:53 BUILDING.txt drwx------ 2 tomcat tomcat 238 Jun 30 17:53 conf -rw-r----- 1 tomcat tomcat 5408 Jun 30 17:53 CONTRIBUTING.md drwxr-x--- 2 tomcat tomcat 4096 Jul 14 13:10 lib -rw-r----- 1 tomcat tomcat 57011 Jun 30 17:53 LICENSE drwxr-x--- 2 tomcat tomcat 6 Jun 30 17:49 logs -rw-r----- 1 tomcat tomcat 1726 Jun 30 17:53 NOTICE -rw-r----- 1 tomcat tomcat 3255 Jun 30 17:53 README.md -rw-r----- 1 tomcat tomcat 7136 Jun 30 17:53 RELEASE-NOTES -rw-r----- 1 tomcat tomcat 16262 Jun 30 17:53 RUNNING.txt drwxr-x--- 2 tomcat tomcat 30 Jul 14 13:10 temp drwxr-x--- 7 tomcat tomcat 81 Jun 30 17:50 webapps drwxr-x--- 2 tomcat tomcat 6 Jun 30 17:49 work [root@lxc tomcat]#
添加環境變量
[root@lxc tomcat]# cat /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh CATALINA_BASE=/usr/share/tomcat/tomcat PATH=$CATALINA_BASE/bin:$PATH export CATALINA_BASE PATH [root@lxc tomcat]#
切換tomcat用戶啓動tomcat
[root@lxc tomcat]# su - tomcat Last login: Tue Jul 14 13:26:15 EDT 2020 on pts/0 su: warning: cannot change directory to /home/tomcat: No such file or directory -bash-4.2$ catalina.sh --help Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/share/tomcat/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/share/tomcat/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/share/tomcat/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: / Using CLASSPATH: /usr/share/tomcat/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/share/tomcat/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Usage: catalina.sh ( commands ... ) commands: debug Start Catalina in a debugger debug -security Debug Catalina with a security manager jpda start Start Catalina under JPDA debugger run Start Catalina in the current window run -security Start in the current window with security manager start Start Catalina in a separate window start -security Start in a separate window with security manager stop Stop Catalina, waiting up to 5 seconds for the process to end stop n Stop Catalina, waiting up to n seconds for the process to end stop -force Stop Catalina, wait up to 5 seconds and then use kill -KILL if still running stop n -force Stop Catalina, wait up to n seconds and then use kill -KILL if still running configtest Run a basic syntax check on server.xml - check exit code for result version What version of tomcat are you running? Note: Waiting for the process to end and use of the -force option require that $CATALINA_PID is defined -bash-4.2$ catalina.sh start Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/share/tomcat/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/share/tomcat/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/share/tomcat/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: / Using CLASSPATH: /usr/share/tomcat/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/share/tomcat/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Tomcat started. -bash-4.2$ ss -tnl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:6033 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:3306 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:3306 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:3306 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:3306 *:* LISTEN 0 100 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 0 1 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::2377 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::7946 :::* -bash-4.2$
提示：啓動tomcat要使用內部的shell腳本catalina.sh 來啓動；固然startup.sh也是能夠的；能夠看到8080端口已經處於監聽的狀態，接下來咱們用瀏覽器嘗試訪問下，看看是否可以訪問到頁面？
提示：能夠看到tomcat提供的頁面咱們是可以正常訪問，說明咱們安裝部署的tomcat環境就準備就緒了；到此tomcat環境安裝就部署完畢了；總結一點，部署tomcat環境，首先要安裝jdk，由於tomcat自己就是java語言編寫，咱們要在服務器上安裝好java程序運行環境和標準類庫等組件，tomcat才能夠服務器上正常的運行起來；其實從上面的演示咱們大概也能知道tomcat就是爲Java jsp程序提供一個運行環境，後續的jsp代碼主要就是在tomcat上運行，而非jdk上；jdk是運行Java程序（tomcat）而必須有的組件；後續本人會持續更新有關tomcat配置使用相關的話題，感興趣的同窗能夠關注關注；
相關文章
- 1. Nginx + Tomcat （java ）服務器部署
- 2. Java & tomcat服務器的部署安裝
- 3. java項目部署到Tomcat服務器
- 4. MyEclipse部署Tomcat服務器
- 5. 部署tomcat服務器
- 6. MyEclipse部署TomCat服務器
- 7. 部署Tomcat服務器
- 8. Linux部署Tomcat服務器
- 9. web工程之tomcat服務器部署
- 10. 徐鬆亮服務器部署教學---Tomcat服務器部署
- 更多相關文章...
- • Git 服務器搭建 - Git 教程
- • 服務器上的 XML - XML 教程
- • Spring Cloud 微服務實戰(三) - 服務註冊與發現
- • 使用阿里雲OSS+CDN部署前端頁面與加速靜態資源
相關標籤/搜索
每日一句
-
每一个你不满意的现在，都有一个你没有努力的曾经。
歡迎關注本站公眾號,獲取更多信息
