使用xtrabackup（innobackupex）實現MySQL的熱備

mysql 的熱備
http://www.178linux.com/10139
http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-04/99671.htm
http://634871.blog.51cto.com/624871/1351049
http://www.cnblogs.com/galengao/p/5755835.html
http://heylinux.com/archives/3777.html

 

遇到問題，解決連接

http://blog.csdn.net/sqlserverdiscovery/article/details/52856949
這裏咱們使用XtraBackup來實現MySQL的熱備
XtraBackup取代innodbbackup的工具而且XtraBackup可以徹底兼容innodb存儲引擎，並對innodb存儲引擎實現徹底的物理層的熱備。
可是缺憾就是對MyISAM表格只能作溫備，並且不支持增量備份
XtraBackup更多高級特性一般只能在innodb存儲引擎上實現，並且高級特性還都依賴於mysql數據庫對innodb引擎實現了單獨表空間，不然沒辦法實現單表或單庫導出

因此這裏咱們先檢查一下MySQL中的表是否是使用了每一個表都單獨的使用表空間，若是不是的話，將其修改爲每表單獨表空間

mysql> show global variables like '%innodb_file_p%';
+-----------------------+-------+
| Variable_name         | Value |
+-----------------------+-------+
| innodb_file_per_table | ON    |
+-----------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

若是這裏是ＯＦＦ的話，咱們就要開啓這個功能
未來一旦要用到xtrabackup或各類高級功能的話建議剛安裝mysql的時候直接將默認配置去寫進配置文件，中途再更改的話會很是麻煩
加入說咱們如今是ＯＦＦ狀態的話，咱們須要先停數據庫
而後使用mysqldump 全備份
mysqldump -uroot --lock-all-tables --all-databases --master-data=2 --events> /bak/all.sql

編輯配置文件加入如下參數
vim /etc/my.cnf
添加以下
innodb_file_per_table= 1

然後刪除數據文件並從新初始化
[root@test2 data]#pwd
/mydata/data
[root@test2 data]# rm -fr *

從新初始化：
[root@test mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql--datadir=/mydata/data/ --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/

重啓數據庫
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
mysql> showglobal variables like '%innodb_file_per%';

而後就是恢復數據了
mysql> source /bak/all.sql

 

如今，絕大多數使用MySQL的場景中，都用到了Master-Slave這樣的架構。相對於mysqldump而言，使用innobackupex備份有如下好處：
1. 以數據文件爲備份對象，文件級別備份，速度快，尤爲適合須要對全部數據進行備份的場景；
2. 熱備份，不會對現有的數據庫訪問形成影響；
3. 記錄binlog以及replication相關信息，在建立和恢復Slave時很是有用；
4. 支持對備份後的數據進行同步並行壓縮，有效節省磁盤空間；

目前，在咱們的線上環境中，數據庫的大小，在沒有壓縮以前爲500G左右，壓縮以後的大小爲90G左右。
而在風哥的環境中，數據庫的大小已經超過了1T，如下是風哥的幾點補充：
1.用innobackupex能夠作到不停業務在線備份，前提是對innodb引擎，對myisam也會鎖表；
2.在備份過程會致使IO很高，建議在一臺slave上作備份（通常用一臺slave只作備份用），不建議在主上備份；
3.innobackupex能夠用增量與全量備份方式配合；

如今來講一下全備份
# 指定備份某一數據庫
[root@client103 ~]#innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/usr/local/mysql56/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/ > /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/innoback.log 2>&1
# 備份全部的數據庫
[root@client103 backup]# innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/usr/local/mysql56/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/ > /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/innoback.log 2>&1
# 注：還原時，須要清空數據目錄，因此建議備份的話，執行全庫備份
# 備份完成後，應用日誌，是備份的數據保持一致[ /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/爲備份存放的位置]
innobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/usr/local/mysql56/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-15_13-58-26

# 利用剛纔的備份進行數據庫還原


這裏咱們模仿數據丟失，而後咱們關閉數據庫，執行恢復操做
truncate table user_admin;
service mysql_3306 stop
cd /data/dbdata/3306
mv data data_bak
mkdir data

innobackupex --copy-back --defaults-file=/data/usr/local/mysql56/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/

我在作copy-back這一步老是報錯，報錯內容爲：Original data directory '.' is not empty
網上查找資料說要指定數據文件的目錄,因此這裏我添加一個--datadir，指定一下路徑
innobackupex --copy-back --defaults-file=/data/usr/local/mysql56/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --datadir=/data/dbdata/3306/data  /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-15_14-55-03/

chown mysql.mysql data -R

/etc/init.d/mysql start

咱們再來看看數據都恢復了

 

可是要是在生產環境下的話，建議使用在從庫上進行備份。可是咱們還要注意主庫上的二進制日誌（能夠給這個也作一下切割備份）

如今我來作一下主從，首先我來在從庫上裝一下MySQL

主從的安裝文章參考：http://www.cnblogs.com/smail-bao/p/6405313.html

 如今咱們來在從庫上操做一下備份

 

建立全備和增備的目錄
[root@bao-work-2 ~]# mkdir -p  /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/{full,incre}

如今分爲常規的備份方式和壓縮的備份方式
常規的備份方式爲：
innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --slave-info --safe-slave-backup /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/  > /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/full.log 2>&1

innobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock  --datadir=/data/dbdata/3306/data /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_14-49-26

/etc/init.d/mysql stop (要是不先執行這一步的話，等會再重啓的時候會報錯，關mysql都關不掉)

mv data data_bak
mkdir data

innobackupex --copy-back --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock  --datadir=/data/dbdata/3306/data /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_14-49-26

chown mysql.mysql data -R
/etc/init.d/mysql_3306 start
啓動成功

如今咱們回到上面的問題
加入咱們如今備份成功，遇到一個問題就是一我的把你的data目錄給刪除了
可是你經過 ps -ef | grep mysql 發現仍是有進程
你如今要作的就是經過備份恢復數據
mkdir data
innobackupex --copy-back --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock  --datadir=/data/dbdata/3306/data /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_14-49-26
chown mysql.mysql data -R
[root@bao-work-2 3306]# /etc/init.d/mysql_3306 restart
MySQL server PID file could not be found!                  [失敗]
Starting MySQL...The server quit without updating PID file [失敗]/dbdata/3306/data/bao-work-2.pid).
咱們發現重啓的時候報錯了

這個時候就須要咱們手動的去kill 掉MySQL的進程了
for i in $(ps -ef | grep mysql | grep -v 'grep' |  awk '{print $2}');do kill -9 $i;done
而後咱們去啓動數據庫
/etc/init.d/mysql_3306 start

這樣咱們就看到MySQL數據回來了

可是還有一點要注意的是，咱們要去恢復主從同步。
咱們要看一下從庫上面的備份文件下的xtrabackup_slave_info的文件內容
[root@bao-work-2 2017-02-16_14-49-26]# cat xtrabackup_info 
uuid = 1bbe50b3-f414-11e6-b6ed-000c29831a2e
name = 
tool_name = innobackupex
tool_command = --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=... --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --slave-info --safe-slave-backup /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/
tool_version = 2.3.3
ibbackup_version = 2.3.3
server_version = 5.6.23-log
start_time = 2017-02-16 14:49:26
end_time = 2017-02-16 14:49:48
lock_time = 0
binlog_pos = filename 'mysql-bin.000006', position '120'
innodb_from_lsn = 0
innodb_to_lsn = 10005906
partial = N
incremental = N
format = file
compact = N
compressed = N
encrypted = N

而後咱們進入MySQL執行下面的操做
change master to
master_host='10.230.200.19',
master_port=3306,
master_user='repl',
master_password='kongzhong789',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000006',
master_log_pos=120;


start slave;
show slave status\G;

 

接下來咱們要看的就是從庫MySQL的增量備份和恢復

 指定MySQL備份方案
天天一次的完整備份+兩次增量備份
在每次備份的時候都會產生日誌，反正也不大能夠保存下來
1.完整備份

innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --no-lock --slave-info --safe-slave-backup --compress --compress-threads=8 /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/  > /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full.log 2>&1

 
2.第一次增量備份

innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --no-lock --slave-info --safe-slave-backup --compress --compress-threads=8 --incremental /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre --incremental-basedir=/data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 >/data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre1.log 2>&1

 
3.第二次增量備份

innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --no-lock --slave-info --safe-slave-backup --compress --compress-threads=8 --incremental /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre --incremental-basedir=/data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-17-32 >/data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre2.log 2>&1

 
恢復
取回完整備份

innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --decompress --parallel=4 /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42

報錯：

在執行上面shell的時候遇到一個錯誤
sh: qpress: command not found

解決辦法
cd /data/tools
    wget http://www.quicklz.com/qpress-11-linux-x64.tar
    tar xvf qpress-11-linux-x64.tar
    cp qpress /usr/bin
而後再執行上面的操做

 
取回完整備份

innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --decompress --parallel=4 /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42

下面爲執行後輸出內容

170216 16:39:11 innobackupex: Starting the decrypt and decompress operation

IMPORTANT: Please check that the decrypt and decompress run completes successfully.
           At the end of a successful decrypt and decompress run innobackupex
           prints "completed OK!".

innobackupex version 2.3.3 based on MySQL server 5.6.24 Linux (x86_64) (revision id: 525ca7d)
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./xtrabackup_slave_info.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./backup-my.cnf.qp
170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./ibdata1.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_admin_role_priv.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_pre_auth_trade.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_role_fun.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_role.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_history_yield.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/act_t_activity.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/servers.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_console_menu.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_withdraw_deposit_order.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_xmas_count.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/crm_person_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_admin_role.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/help_relation.MYI.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/slave_worker_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/servers.MYD.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/help_relation.MYD.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_licai_project_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_third_interface_log.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_role.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/cd_t_withdraw.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_city.MYD.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_withdraw_deposit_order.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/db.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/ndb_binlog_index.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_area.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_department.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_city.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_oauth_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_province.MYD.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/help_topic.MYI.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_my_hongbao_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_question.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_account_detail.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_awards_xmas.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_templet_field.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/tables_priv.MYD.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_admin.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_licai_project_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_grant_record.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/plugin.MYI.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_role_authority.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_company_user.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/user.MYI.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/con_t_credit_pro.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/time_zone_name.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_staff.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/act_t_lottery_coupon.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/crm_t_banks.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/time_zone_leap_second.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_staff.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/procs_priv.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_borrower_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/cd_t_credit_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/servers.MYI.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_operation_log.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/act_t_awards_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/tables_priv.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_project_tag.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/crm_t_car_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_district.MYI.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/innodb_index_stats.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/ndb_binlog_index.MYI.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_game.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_pre_auth_trade.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/tpp_t_repayment.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_text_content.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/event.MYD.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/slave_worker_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_active.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_staff_role.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/t_district.MYD.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/slave_relay_log_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_question.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/crm_agent_company_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/help_topic.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_my_hongbao_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_role_fun.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_admin_role_priv.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/columns_priv.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/cd_t_credit_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/help_relation.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/help_category.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_hongbao_batch_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/general_log.CSM.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/uc_t_function.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_licai_order_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_ad_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/help_category.MYI.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_template.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_console_menu.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_sms_log.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/t_district.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/ft_t_credit_detail_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/user.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/t_reimburse_order.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/ft_t_tender_plan.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/time_zone_leap_second.MYD.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_news_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_dict.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/sys_t_log.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/tpp_t_transfer.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_licai_project_detail_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/t_award_num.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/t_user_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/proxies_priv.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/con_t_fortune_pro.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/procs_priv.MYI.qp
170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/con_t_fortune_pro.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [03] decompressing ./mysql/t_project_category.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:11 [01] decompressing ./mysql/time_zone_transition.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [02] decompressing ./mysql/proc.frm.qp
170216 16:39:11 [04] decompressing ./mysql/t_touzi_summary.ibd.qp
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170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_hongbao_batch_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_function.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_licai_order_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_ad_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_template.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_console_menu.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_sms_log.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_district.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/ft_t_credit_detail_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_reimburse_order.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/ft_t_tender_plan.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_news_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_dict.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/sys_t_log.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/tpp_t_transfer.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_licai_project_detail_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_award_num.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_user_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/con_t_fortune_pro.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/con_t_fortune_pro.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_project_category.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_touzi_summary.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_new_project_limit.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_user_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_question_answer.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_hongbao_type.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_active.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_total_user.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_awards_xmas.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_agent_person_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_operation_log.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_attachment.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_person_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_staff_role.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_history_yield.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_agent_company_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_touzi_summary.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_xmas_count.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_sms_log.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_question_answer.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_xmas_record.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_menu.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_project_status_event.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_login_award.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_role_authority.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_borrower_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_oauth_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_news_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_award.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_area.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_account_detail.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_licai_order_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_login_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_new_project_limit.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_game.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_licai_project_detail_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_project_tag.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_award_num.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_text_content.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_console_dictionary.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_menu.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_province.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/ft_t_credit_detail_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_admin.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/sys_t_login_logger.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_attachment.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_user_message_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/sys_t_login_logger.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/ft_t_tender_plan_credit.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_xmas_record.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/cd_t_withdraw.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/tpp_t_transfer.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_project_category.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_grant_record.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_xmas_user.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/act_t_lottery_coupon.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_province.MYI.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_company_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_company_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_award.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_admin_role.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_city.MYI.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/ft_t_tender_plan.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_hongbao_batch_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/ft_t_tender_plan_credit.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_login_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_third_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_console_dictionary.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/sys_t_log.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/cd_t_payment.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_function.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_template.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_reimburse_order.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_third_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/cd_t_payment.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_agent_person_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/cd_t_audit_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/act_t_lottery_count.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/tpp_t_repayment.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_company_application.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_project_status_event.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/act_t_awards_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_third_interface_log.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_templet_field.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_dict.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_company_repayment_order.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/act_t_lottery_count.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/cd_t_audit_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_login_award.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_company_application.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_service.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_company_user.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_newbie_guide.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_company_repayment_order.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_ad_info.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_newbie_guide.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_banks.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_hongbao_type.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/crm_t_car_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_user_message_info.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_total_user.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/uc_t_department.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_xmas_user.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/cd_t_deposite.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./huamu_licai/cd_t_deposite.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./huamu_licai/act_t_activity.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./huamu_licai/t_service.ibd.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./huamu_licai/con_t_credit_pro.frm.qp
170216 16:39:12 [01] decompressing ./xtrabackup_info.qp
170216 16:39:12 [03] decompressing ./xtrabackup_logfile.qp
170216 16:39:12 [04] decompressing ./test/db.opt.qp
170216 16:39:12 [02] decompressing ./xtrabackup_binlog_info.qp
170216 16:39:12 completed OK!

 

find /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 -name "*.qp" -delete

 
備份完成後，應用日誌，是備份的數據保持一致

innobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --redo-only /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42

 

下面爲輸出內容：

170216 16:44:05 innobackupex: Starting the apply-log operation

IMPORTANT: Please check that the apply-log run completes successfully.
           At the end of a successful apply-log run innobackupex
           prints "completed OK!".

innobackupex version 2.3.3 based on MySQL server 5.6.24 Linux (x86_64) (revision id: 525ca7d)
xtrabackup: cd to /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42
xtrabackup: This target seems to be not prepared yet.
xtrabackup: xtrabackup_logfile detected: size=2097152, start_lsn=(10007614)
xtrabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration for recovery:
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_group_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_files_in_group = 1
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_file_size = 2097152
xtrabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration for recovery:
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_group_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_files_in_group = 1
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_file_size = 2097152
xtrabackup: Starting InnoDB instance for recovery.
xtrabackup: Using 104857600 bytes for buffer pool (set by --use-memory parameter)
InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 100.0M
InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
InnoDB: The log sequence numbers 10007584 and 10007584 in ibdata files do not match the log sequence number 10007614 in the ib_logfiles!
InnoDB: Database was not shutdown normally!
InnoDB: Starting crash recovery.
InnoDB: Reading tablespace information from the .ibd files...
InnoDB: Restoring possible half-written data pages
InnoDB: from the doublewrite buffer...
xtrabackup: Last MySQL binlog file position 5321597, file name mysql-bin.000005

xtrabackup: starting shutdown with innodb_fast_shutdown = 1
InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 10007614
170216 16:44:06 completed OK!

 
合併第一個增量備份（必須加參數--redo-only）

innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --decompress --parallel=4 /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-17-32

find /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-17-32 -name "*.qp" -delete

innobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --redo-only /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 --incremental-dir=/data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-17-32

 
合併第二個增量備份（必須加參數--redo-only）

innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --decompress --parallel=4 /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-25-24/

find /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-25-24/ -name "*.qp" -delete

innobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --redo-only /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 --incremental-dir=/data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-25-24/

 

準備完整的備份
#find /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 -name "*.qp" -delete

innobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42

/etc/init.d/mysql_3306 stop
模擬數據丟失
cd /data/dbdat/3306
mv data data_bak
mkdir data

innobackupex --copy-back --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --datadir=/data/dbdata/3306/data /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42

chown mysql.mysql data -R

/etc/init.d/mysql_3306 start

 

後面的步驟就和以前同樣了，記得要恢復主從
這裏是從哪一個日誌節點開始恢復呢
咱們看一下最後的完整備份下的
[root@bao-work-2 2017-02-16_16-09-42]#cat xtrabackup_slave_info
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000007', MASTER_LOG_POS=17767858


change master to
master_host='10.230.200.19',
master_port=3306,
master_user='repl',
master_password='kongzhong789',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000007',
master_log_pos=17767858;

start slave;


show slave status\G;


通過上面的測試數據所有恢復，主從同步

我如今回放一下個人實驗流程

1、mysql slave 全備
2、master update
3、slave 第一次增量備份
4、master update
5、slave 第二次增量備份
6、stop slave
7、mv  data data_bak ,mkdir data
8、update master

而後就是恢復數據了
1、取回完整備份
innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --decompress --parallel=4 /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42
2017-02-16_16-09-42：是全備份的目錄
find /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 -name "*.qp" -delete

2、合併第一個增量備份，必須加參數--redo-only
innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --decompress --parallel=4 /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-17-32

find /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-17-32 -name "*.qp" -delete

innobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --redo-only /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 --incremental-dir=/data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-17-32

2017-02-16_16-09-42：是全備份的目錄
2017-02-16_16-17-32：第一次增量備份的目錄

3、合併第二個增量備份（必須加參數--redo-only）
innobackupex --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --decompress --parallel=4 /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-25-24/

find /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-25-24/ -name "*.qp" -delete

innobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --redo-only /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42 --incremental-dir=/data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/incre/2017-02-16_16-25-24/

2017-02-16_16-25-24：第二次增量備份的目錄

4、如今準備完整的備份
innobackupex --apply-log --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --user=root --password=kongzhong123 --port=3306 --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42

mv  data data_bak
mkdir data

innobackupex --copy-back --defaults-file=/data/dbdata/3306/my.cnf --socket=/data/dbdata/3306/mysql.sock --datadir=/data/dbdata/3306/data /data/bak_dir/mysql/3306/full/2017-02-16_16-09-42

chown mysql.mysql data -R

/etc/init.d/mysql_3306 start

這個時候恢復的數據是不完整的，只是把數據恢復到了slave第二次增量備份以前
因此咱們如今要從新恢復主從

cd 到完整備份的目錄下
# cat xtrabackup_slave_info 
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000007', MASTER_LOG_POS=17767858

而後執行change master to 

 

三、小結a、Xtrabackup恢復的目的要是保證事務(數據)的一致性，Xtrabackup log會記錄這些事務備份期間的狀態b、恢復過程分爲2個階段，一個是Prepare階段，一個是copy back階段，恢復前關閉原有實例c、Prepare階段會根據從innodb logfile捕獲出來的信息(記錄在xtrabackup log)來進行相應的前滾或回滾d、Prepare階段會在成功前滾或回滾後建立新的innodb logfile(空)e、copy back階段則是將成功恢復的所有文件複製回原來或指定的數據目錄(目錄應爲空目錄)f、copy back前須要關閉原有實例，若是恢復到不一樣的實例則不須要g、copy back完成後應作相應的權限修改h、啓動恢復後的實例並進行相關驗證