48.Nginx訪問日誌 日誌切割 靜態文件不記錄

12.10 Nginx訪問日誌php

12.11 Nginx日誌切割css

12.12 靜態文件不記錄日誌和過時時間html

12.10 Nginx訪問日誌:nginx

~1.日誌格式shell

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf //搜索log_formatvim

log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'

' $host "$request_uri" $status'

' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';

以上紅色部分(combined_realip)爲日誌格式的名字,能夠隨意更改。好比改爲「axin」,在這定義成什麼名字,在後面引用他的時候就寫成什麼bash

在nginx中,命令是以分號(;)做爲結束的。以上有分行,可是做爲一串配置的服務器

$remote_addr 客戶端IP(公網IP)。也就是遠程的客戶地址,不是咱們192.168這個,是咱們出口的IP。打開百度,搜索IP便可查詢curl

$http_x_forwarded_for 代理服務器的IP工具

$time_local 服務器本地時間

$host 訪問主機名(域名)好比咱們作測試,test.com.conf/admin/index.htmi, test.com.conf就是host

$request_uri 訪問的url地址。好比咱們作測試,test.com.conf/admin/index.htmi, admin/index.html就是url

$status 狀態碼

$http_referer referer 從哪一個頁面連接過來的

$http_user_agent user_agent 用戶的一些信息

~1.1(實例:)

除了在主配置文件nginx.conf裏定義日誌格式外,還須要在虛擬主機配置文件中增長

access_log /tmp/test.com.log axin;

這裏的combined_realip就是在nginx.conf中定義的日誌格式名字

-t && -s reload

curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com -I

cat /tmp/1.log

實例:

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf

server

{

listen 80;

server_name test.com test1.com test2.com

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data/wwwroot/test.com;

if ($host != 'test.com' ) {

rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://test.com/$1 permanent;

}

access_log /tmp/test.com.log axin;在主配置文件裏,咱們剛纔定義的訪問日誌的名字就叫axin,這裏就要設定爲axin

}

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

nginx: [emerg] unknown log format "axin" in /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf:10

nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test failed

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

nginx: [emerg] unknown log format "axin" in /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf:10

[root@localhost~]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test2.com/admin/index.html/hgjkjkgjkhj -I 測試登陸一下

HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Server: nginx/1.8.0
Date: Tue, 23 Jul 2019 07:34:56 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 184
Connection: keep-alive
Location: http://test.com/admin/index.html/hgjkjkgjkhj

 

[root@localhost ~]# cat /tmp/test.com.log cat一下

127.0.0.1 - - [23/Jul/2019:15:53:00 +0800] "HEAD HTTP://test2.com/admin/index.html/hgjkjkgjkhj HTTP/1.1" 301 0 "-" "curl/7.29.0"

12.11 Nginx日誌切割: Nginx不像Apache那樣自帶日誌切割的工具,因此要藉助於系統的日誌切割工具,或者本身寫日誌切割的腳本。一下是日誌切割的腳本:

~~1. 自定義shell 腳本 ~1\. vim /usr/local/sbin/nginx\_log\_rotate.sh 寫入以下內容(之後得shell腳本要放在/usr/local/sbin下面)

~2.#! /bin/bash \## 假設nginx的日誌存放路徑爲/tmp/logs/ d=\`date -d "-1 day" +%Y%m%d\` 命令行會敲出昨天的日期。目的是生成昨天的日期 logdir="/tmp/logs" 日誌路徑 nginx_pid="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid" 找pid是由於要執行最下面kill的命令。由於從新修改log的路徑,他實際上還在寫以前自帶的日誌,要把他kil掉。這個pid的路徑要找對了,否則最下面的kill執行不成功 cd $logdir 先進入到logdir目錄下 for log in \`ls *.log\` 看一下目錄下有哪些log do mv $log $log-$d 給全部的log更名字。就是切割,好比在0點0分的時候執行,改革名字加個後綴,$d表明上面的變量d,也就是後綴名是昨天的日期 done /bin/kill -HUP \`cat $nginx_pid\` 最後從新加載,生成新的

~3.sh -x /usr/local/sbin/nginx\_log\_rotate sh即執行腳本,-x顯示執行的過程

~4.find /tmp/ -type f -mtime +30 -name \*log-\* | xargs rm 能夠作這項操做,刪除30天之前的日誌 ~~2. 任務計劃 0 0 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/sbin/nginx\_log\_rotate.sh 還要作一個任務計劃,天天0點0分執行這個腳本

 

實例:

~~1.切割日誌:

[root@localhost ~\]# vim /usr/local/sbin/nginx\_log\_rotate.sh

#! /bin/bash
d=`date -d "-1 day" +%Y%m%d`
logdir="/tmp/logs"
nginx_pid="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
cd $logdir
for log in `ls *.log`
do
    mv $log $log-$d
done
/bin/kill -HUP `cat $nginx_pid`

[root@localhost logs\]# sh -x /usr/local/sbin/nginx\_log\_rotate.sh

++ date -d '-1 day' +%Y%m%d
+ d=20190722
+ logdir=/tmp/logs
+ nginx_pid=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
+ cd /tmp/logs
/usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh: 第 5 行:cd: /tmp/logs: 沒有那個文件或目錄
++ ls '*.log'
ls: 沒法訪問*.log: 沒有那個文件或目錄
++ cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
+ /bin/kill -HUP 3775


~~2.任務計劃:

\[root@localhost logs\]# crontab -e

0 0 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/sbin/nginx\_log\_rotate.sh

12.12 靜態文件不記錄日誌和過時時間:

配置以下

location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ 匹配什麼樣的請求(也是正則)

{

expires 7d; 過時時間

access_log off;

}

location ~ .*\.(js|css)$

{

expires 12h; .js|css小文件的過時時間

access_log off;

}

實例:

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf

server

{
    listen 80;
    server_name test.com test1.com test2.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /data/wwwroot/test.com;

    if ($host != 'test.com' ) {
        rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://test.com/$1 permanent;

    }
    access_log /tmp/test.com.log;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
    {
          expires 7d;
          access_log off;
    }
     location ~ .*\.(js|css)$
    {
          expires 12h;
          access_log off;
    }

[root@localhost test.com]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

[root@localhost test.com]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

[root@localhost test.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/1.jjpg -I 先訪問一個沒定義的.jjpg文件

HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Server: nginx/1.8.0
Date: Tue, 23 Jul 2019 09:04:11 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 168
Connection: keep-alive

[root@localhost test.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/1.jpg -I 訪問1.jpg

[root@localhost test.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/2.gif -I 訪問2.gif

[root@localhost test.com]# cat /tmp/test.com.log

127.0.0.1 - - [23/Jul/2019:15:53:00 +0800] "HEAD HTTP://test2.com/admin/index.html/hgjkjkgjkhj HTTP/1.1" 301 0 "-" "curl/7.29.0"
127.0.0.1 - - [23/Jul/2019:17:04:11 +0800] "HEAD HTTP://test.com/1.jjpg HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "curl/7.29.0"
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