Kubernetes容器編排技術---Kubernetes基於kubeadm安裝與配置(二)

Kubernetes安裝與配置

準備環境

kubernetes-master	ubuntu 18.04	10.10.0.197
kubernetes-node1	centos 7	10.10.0.164

 

 

 

kubernets-master配置apt源

　　配置kubernets源

apt-get update && apt-get install -y apt-transport-https
curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | apt-key add - 
cat <<EOF >/etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main
EOF  
apt-get update

 　　配置docker-ce源

# step 1: 安裝必要的一些系統工具
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
# step 2: 安裝GPG證書
curl -fsSL http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
# Step 3: 寫入軟件源信息
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
# Step 4: 更新並安裝 Docker-CE
sudo apt-get -y update

　　 kubernets-master安裝重要組件

# apt-get install docker-ce kubelet kubeadm kubectl

　　確保以下兩個文件中的值爲1

root@kubernetes-mast:/etc/apt# cat /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-iptables
1
root@kubernetes-mast:/etc/apt# cat /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-ip6tables
1

　　將kubelet&docker加入開機自啓動

root@kubernetes-mast:~# systemctl enable kubelet
root@kubernetes-mast:~# systemctl enable docker
Synchronizing state of docker.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable docker

　　 對kubeadm進行初始化

root@kubernetes-mast:~# kubeadm init --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12
W0823 10:14:10.059009   16899 version.go:98] could not fetch a Kubernetes version from the internet: unable to get URL "https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable-1.txt": Get https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable-1.txt: net/http: request canceled while waiting for connection (Client.Timeout exceeded while awaiting headers)
W0823 10:14:10.059106   16899 version.go:99] falling back to the local client version: v1.15.3
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.15.3
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
        [WARNING IsDockerSystemdCheck]: detected "cgroupfs" as the Docker cgroup driver. The recommended driver is "systemd". Please follow the guide at https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/cri/
        [WARNING SystemVerification]: this Docker version is not on the list of validated versions: 19.03.1. Latest validated version: 18.09
[preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster
[preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection
[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull'
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Activating the kubelet service
[certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki"
[certs] Generating "etcd/ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/server" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [kubernetes-mast localhost] and IPs [10.10.0.197 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/peer" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [kubernetes-mast localhost] and IPs [10.10.0.197 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "apiserver-etcd-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/healthcheck-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver-kubelet-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver" certificate and key
[certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [kubernetes-mast kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local] and IPs [10.96.0.1 10.10.0.197]
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "sa" key and public key
[kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder "/etc/kubernetes"
[kubeconfig] Writing "admin.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "kubelet.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "controller-manager.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "scheduler.conf" kubeconfig file
[control-plane] Using manifest folder "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-apiserver"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-controller-manager"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-scheduler"
[etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for local etcd in "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[wait-control-plane] Waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests". This can take up to 4m0s
[apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 19.002255 seconds
[upload-config] Storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace
[kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config-1.15" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster
[upload-certs] Skipping phase. Please see --upload-certs
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node kubernetes-mast as control-plane by adding the label "node-role.kubernetes.io/master=''"
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node kubernetes-mast as control-plane by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule]
[bootstrap-token] Using token: r0m213.enxdgnvynkemidca
[bootstrap-token] Configuring bootstrap tokens, cluster-info ConfigMap, RBAC Roles
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster
[bootstrap-token] Creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace
[addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS
[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy

Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join 10.10.0.197:6443 --token r0m213.enxdgnvynkemidca \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:741411b0e864eb3452aff1c6e6153c35ff01fe86907cb9f50ecfa8af2c556808 
 

 　　初始化完後，執行以下命令;

root@kubernetes-mast:~# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
root@kubernetes-mast:~# cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
root@kubernetes-mast:~# chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

 　　查看kubernetes-master節點狀態

root@kubernetes-mast:~# kubectl get cs
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
root@kubernetes-mast:~# kubectl get nodes
NAME              STATUS     ROLES    AGE   VERSION
kubernetes-mast   NotReady   master   57m   v1.15.3

 　　部署網絡插件flannel

　　參考連接：https://github.com/coreos/flannel/blob/master/README.md

root@kubernetes-mast:~# kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
podsecuritypolicy.policy/psp.flannel.unprivileged created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
serviceaccount/flannel created
configmap/kube-flannel-cfg created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-amd64 created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-arm64 created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-arm created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-ppc64le created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds-s390x created

 kubernets-node1配置yum源

 　　配置kubernetes源

apt-get update && apt-get install -y apt-transport-https
curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | apt-key add - 
cat <<EOF >/etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main
EOF  
apt-get update

　　配置docker-ce源

# step 1: 安裝必要的一些系統工具
sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
# Step 2: 添加軟件源信息
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
# Step 3: 更新並安裝 Docker-CE
sudo yum makecache fast

 　　kubernets-node1安裝重要組件

 yum install -y docker-ce kubeadm kubectl kubelet

 　　將docker和kubelet加入開啓自啓動

[root@kubernetes-node1 ~]# systemctl enable docker kubelet
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.
[root@kubernetes-node1 ~]# 

 　　啓動docker　

[root@kubernetes-node1 ~]# systemctl start docker

 　　將kubernetes-node1節點加入到kubernetes-master節點下

 1 [root@kubernetes-node1 ~]# kubeadm join 10.10.0.197:6443 --token r0m213.enxdgnvynkemidca     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:741411b0e864eb3452aff1c6e6153c35ff01fe86907cb9f50ecfa8af2c556808 
 2 
 3 [preflight] Running pre-flight checks
 4         [WARNING IsDockerSystemdCheck]: detected "cgroupfs" as the Docker cgroup driver. The recommended driver is "systemd". Please follow the guide at https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/cri/
 5         [WARNING SystemVerification]: this Docker version is not on the list of validated versions: 19.03.1. Latest validated version: 18.09
 6 [preflight] Reading configuration from the cluster...
 7 [preflight] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -oyaml'
 8 [kubelet-start] Downloading configuration for the kubelet from the "kubelet-config-1.15" ConfigMap in the kube-system namespace
 9 [kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
10 [kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
11 [kubelet-start] Activating the kubelet service
12 [kubelet-start] Waiting for the kubelet to perform the TLS Bootstrap...
13 
14 This node has joined the cluster:
15 * Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and a response was received.
16 * The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details.
17 
18 Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the control-plane to see this node join the cluster.

　　在master節點查看kubernetes-node1節點是否加入成

root@kubernetes-mast:~# kubectl get nodes
NAME               STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
kubernetes-mast    Ready    master   150m    v1.15.3
kubernetes-node1   Ready    <none>   3m36s   v1.15.3

 　　最近加了一個node2節點，發現報以下錯誤

1 [root@kubernetes-node2 yum.repos.d]# kubeadm join 10.10.0.197:6443 --token r0m213.enxdgnvynkemidca     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:741411b0e864eb3452aff1c6e6153c35ff01fe86907cb9f50ecfa8af2c556808 
2 [preflight] Running pre-flight checks
3         [WARNING IsDockerSystemdCheck]: detected "cgroupfs" as the Docker cgroup driver. The recommended driver is "systemd". Please follow the guide at https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/cri/
4         [WARNING SystemVerification]: this Docker version is not on the list of validated versions: 19.03.1. Latest validated version: 18.09
5 [preflight] Reading configuration from the cluster...
6 [preflight] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -oyaml'
7 error execution phase preflight: unable to fetch the kubeadm-config ConfigMap: failed to get config map: Unauthorized

　　請到master上檢查你所使用的token是否有效，kubeadm token list

1 root@kubernetes-mast:~# kubeadm token list
2 TOKEN                     TTL         EXPIRES                     USAGES                   DESCRIPTION                                                EXTRA GROUPS
3 r0m213.enxdgnvynkemidca   <invalid>   2019-08-24T10:15:03+08:00   authentication,signing   The default bootstrap token generated by 'kubeadm init'.   system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token

　　發現是token過時了，生成不過時的token

1 root@kubernetes-mast:~# kubeadm token create --ttl 0 --print-join-command
2 kubeadm join 10.10.0.197:6443 --token i5ih8a.iu7kvotjmvf01a2k     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:741411b0e864eb3452aff1c6e6153c35ff01fe86907cb9f50ecfa8af2c556808 

　　接下來用生成新的token將node2節點加入到master節點

 1 [root@kubernetes-node2 yum.repos.d]# kubeadm join 10.10.0.197:6443 --token i5ih8a.iu7kvotjmvf01a2k     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:741411b0e864eb3452aff1c6e6153c35ff01fe86907cb9f50ecfa8af2c556808
 2 [preflight] Running pre-flight checks
 3         [WARNING IsDockerSystemdCheck]: detected "cgroupfs" as the Docker cgroup driver. The recommended driver is "systemd". Please follow the guide at https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/cri/
 4         [WARNING SystemVerification]: this Docker version is not on the list of validated versions: 19.03.1. Latest validated version: 18.09
 5 [preflight] Reading configuration from the cluster...
 6 [preflight] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -oyaml'
 7 [kubelet-start] Downloading configuration for the kubelet from the "kubelet-config-1.15" ConfigMap in the kube-system namespace
 8 [kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
 9 [kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
10 [kubelet-start] Activating the kubelet service
11 [kubelet-start] Waiting for the kubelet to perform the TLS Bootstrap...
12 
13 This node has joined the cluster:
14 * Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and a response was received.
15 * The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details.
16 
17 Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the control-plane to see this node join the cluster.

　　再次經過master查看node2節點是否正確加入master節點

root@kubernetes-mast:~# kubectl get nodes
NAME               STATUS   ROLES    AGE    VERSION
kubernetes-mast    Ready    master   5d6h   v1.15.3
kubernetes-node1   Ready    <none>   5d3h   v1.15.3
kubernetes-node2   Ready    <none>   79s    v1.15.3