摘要:本文要實現的是一種使用redis來實現分佈式鎖。java
一、分佈式鎖git
分佈式鎖在是一種用來安全訪問分式式機器上變量的安全方案,通常用在全局id生成,秒殺系統,全局變量共享、分佈式事務等。通常會有兩種實現方案,一種是悲觀鎖的實現,一種是樂觀鎖的實現。悲觀鎖的併發性能差,可是能保證不會發生髒數據的可能性小一點。github
二、Redis命令介紹
使用Redis實現分佈式鎖,有兩個重要函數須要介紹
SETNX命令(SET if Not eXists)
語法:
SETNX key value
功能:
當且僅當 key 不存在,將 key 的值設爲 value ,並返回1;若給定的 key 已經存在,則 SETNX 不作任何動做,並返回0。
GETSET命令(這是一個原子命令!)
語法:
GETSET key value
功能:
將給定 key 的值設爲 value ,並返回 key 的舊值 (old value),當 key 存在但不是字符串類型時,返回一個錯誤,當key不存在時,返回nil。
GET命令
語法:
GET key
功能:
返回 key 所關聯的字符串值,若是 key 不存在那麼返回特殊值 nil 。
DEL命令
語法:
DEL key [KEY …]
功能:
刪除給定的一個或多個 key ,不存在的 key 會被忽略。
三、代碼實現redis
(1)AbstractLock基類數組
package com.github.distribute.lock.redis; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock; /** * 鎖的骨架實現, 真正的獲取鎖的步驟由子類去實現. * * */ public abstract class AbstractLock implements Lock { /** * <pre> * 這裏需不須要保證可見性值得討論, 由於是分佈式的鎖, * 1.同一個jvm的多個線程使用不一樣的鎖對象其實也是能夠的, 這種狀況下不須要保證可見性 * 2.同一個jvm的多個線程使用同一個鎖對象, 那可見性就必需要保證了. * </pre> */ protected volatile boolean locked; /** * 當前jvm內持有該鎖的線程(if have one) */ private Thread exclusiveOwnerThread; public void lock() { try { lock(false, 0, null, false); } catch (InterruptedException e) { // TODO ignore } } public void lockInterruptibly() throws InterruptedException { lock(false, 0, null, true); } public boolean tryLock(long time, TimeUnit unit) { try { System.out.println("ghggggggggggggg"); return lock(true, time, unit, false); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); System.out.println("" + e); } return false; } public boolean tryLockInterruptibly(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException { return lock(true, time, unit, true); } public void unlock() { // TODO 檢查當前線程是否持有鎖 if (Thread.currentThread() != getExclusiveOwnerThread()) { throw new IllegalMonitorStateException("current thread does not hold the lock"); } unlock0(); setExclusiveOwnerThread(null); } protected void setExclusiveOwnerThread(Thread thread) { exclusiveOwnerThread = thread; } protected final Thread getExclusiveOwnerThread() { return exclusiveOwnerThread; } protected abstract void unlock0(); /** * 阻塞式獲取鎖的實現 * * @param useTimeout * @param time * @param unit * @param interrupt * 是否響應中斷 * @return * @throws InterruptedException */ protected abstract boolean lock(boolean useTimeout, long time, TimeUnit unit, boolean interrupt) throws InterruptedException; }
(2)、實現類緩存
package com.github.distribute.lock.redis; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition; import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis; /** * 基於Redis的SETNX操做實現的分佈式鎖 * * 獲取鎖時最好用lock(long time, TimeUnit unit), 以避免網路問題而致使線程一直阻塞 */ public class RedisBasedDistributedLock extends AbstractLock { private Jedis jedis; // 鎖的名字 protected String lockKey; // 鎖的有效時長(毫秒) protected long lockExpires; public RedisBasedDistributedLock(Jedis jedis, String lockKey, long lockExpires) { this.jedis = jedis; this.lockKey = lockKey; this.lockExpires = lockExpires; } // 阻塞式獲取鎖的實現 protected boolean lock(boolean useTimeout, long time, TimeUnit unit, boolean interrupt) throws InterruptedException { System.out.println("test1"); if (interrupt) { checkInterruption(); } System.out.println("test2"); long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); long timeout = unit.toMillis(time); // if !useTimeout, then it's useless while (useTimeout ? isTimeout(start, timeout) : true) { System.out.println("test3"); if (interrupt) { checkInterruption(); } long lockExpireTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + lockExpires + 1;// 鎖超時時間 String stringOfLockExpireTime = String.valueOf(lockExpireTime); System.out.println("test4"); if (jedis.setnx(lockKey, stringOfLockExpireTime) == 1) { // 獲取到鎖 System.out.println("test5"); //成功獲取到鎖, 設置相關標識 locked = true; setExclusiveOwnerThread(Thread.currentThread()); return true; } System.out.println("test6"); String value = jedis.get(lockKey); if (value != null && isTimeExpired(value)) { // lock is expired System.out.println("test7"); // 假設多個線程(非單jvm)同時走到這裏 String oldValue = jedis.getSet(lockKey, stringOfLockExpireTime); //原子操做 // 可是走到這裏時每一個線程拿到的oldValue確定不可能同樣(由於getset是原子性的) // 加入拿到的oldValue依然是expired的,那麼就說明拿到鎖了 System.out.println("test8"); if (oldValue != null && isTimeExpired(oldValue)) { System.out.println("test9"); //成功獲取到鎖, 設置相關標識 locked = true; setExclusiveOwnerThread(Thread.currentThread()); return true; } } else { // TODO lock is not expired, enter next loop retrying } } System.out.println("test10"); return false; } public boolean tryLock() { long lockExpireTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + lockExpires + 1;// 鎖超時時間 String stringOfLockExpireTime = String.valueOf(lockExpireTime); if (jedis.setnx(lockKey, stringOfLockExpireTime) == 1) { // 獲取到鎖 // 成功獲取到鎖, 設置相關標識 locked = true; setExclusiveOwnerThread(Thread.currentThread()); return true; } String value = jedis.get(lockKey); if (value != null && isTimeExpired(value)) { // lock is expired // 假設多個線程(非單jvm)同時走到這裏 String oldValue = jedis.getSet(lockKey, stringOfLockExpireTime); //原子操做 // 可是走到這裏時每一個線程拿到的oldValue確定不可能同樣(由於getset是原子性的) // 假如拿到的oldValue依然是expired的,那麼就說明拿到鎖了 if (oldValue != null && isTimeExpired(oldValue)) { //成功獲取到鎖, 設置相關標識 locked = true; setExclusiveOwnerThread(Thread.currentThread()); return true; } } else { // TODO lock is not expired, enter next loop retrying } return false; } /** * Queries if this lock is held by any thread. * * @return {@code true} if any thread holds this lock and {@code false} * otherwise */ public boolean isLocked() { if (locked) { return true; } else { String value = jedis.get(lockKey); // TODO 這裏實際上是有問題的, 想:當get方法返回value後, 假設這個value已是過時的了, // 而就在這瞬間, 另外一個節點set了value, 這時鎖是被別的線程(節點持有), 而接下來的判斷 // 是檢測不出這種狀況的.不過這個問題應該不會致使其它的問題出現, 由於這個方法的目的原本就 // 不是同步控制, 它只是一種鎖狀態的報告. return !isTimeExpired(value); } } @Override protected void unlock0() { // 判斷鎖是否過時 String value = jedis.get(lockKey); if (!isTimeExpired(value)) { doUnlock(); } } private void checkInterruption() throws InterruptedException { if (Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) { throw new InterruptedException(); } } private boolean isTimeExpired(String value) { return Long.parseLong(value) < System.currentTimeMillis(); } private boolean isTimeout(long start, long timeout) { return start + timeout > System.currentTimeMillis(); } private void doUnlock() { jedis.del(lockKey); } public Condition newCondition() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null; } }
原理其實很簡單,就是利用setNx和getSet這兩個命令來實現。安全
SetNx若是返回爲1,表示拿到鎖,並設置超時失效時間。併發
getSet是一個原子操做,它是在鎖超時後沒釋放會進入,這時有可能多個應用一同時進入,可是若是設置成功,會返回oldValue,若是兩個oldvalue同樣,代表拿到鎖了app
上面使用到的redis工具類less
package com.github.distribute.lock.redis; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import redis.clients.jedis.BinaryClient.LIST_POSITION; import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis; import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool; import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig; public class RedisUtil { private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RedisUtil.class); private static JedisPool pool = null; private static RedisUtil ru = new RedisUtil(); public static void main(String[] args) { RedisUtil redisUtil = RedisUtil.getInstance(); redisUtil.set("test", "test"); LOGGER.info(redisUtil.get("test")); } private RedisUtil() { if (pool == null) { String ip = "10.75.202.11"; int port = 6379; JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig(); // 控制一個pool可分配多少個jedis實例,經過pool.getResource()來獲取; // 若是賦值爲-1,則表示不限制;若是pool已經分配了maxActive個jedis實例,則此時pool的狀態爲exhausted(耗盡)。 config.setMaxTotal(10000); // 控制一個pool最多有多少個狀態爲idle(空閒的)的jedis實例。 config.setMaxIdle(2000); // 表示當borrow(引入)一個jedis實例時,最大的等待時間,若是超過等待時間,則直接拋出JedisConnectionException; config.setMaxWaitMillis(1000 * 100); config.setTestOnBorrow(true); pool = new JedisPool(config, ip, port, 100000); } } public Jedis getJedis() { Jedis jedis = pool.getResource(); return jedis; } public static RedisUtil getInstance() { return ru; } /** * <p> * 經過key獲取儲存在redis中的value * </p> * <p> * 並釋放鏈接 * </p> * * @param key * @return 成功返回value 失敗返回null */ public String get(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; String value = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); value = jedis.get(key); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return value; } /** * <p> * 向redis存入key和value,並釋放鏈接資源 * </p> * <p> * 若是key已經存在 則覆蓋 * </p> * * @param key * @param value * @return 成功 返回OK 失敗返回 0 */ public String set(String key, String value) { Jedis jedis = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); return jedis.set(key, value); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); return "0"; } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } } /** * <p> * 刪除指定的key,也能夠傳入一個包含key的數組 * </p> * * @param keys * 一個key 也可使 string 數組 * @return 返回刪除成功的個數 */ public Long del(String... keys) { Jedis jedis = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); return jedis.del(keys); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); return 0L; } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } } /** * <p> * 經過key向指定的value值追加值 * </p> * * @param key * @param str * @return 成功返回 添加後value的長度 失敗 返回 添加的 value 的長度 異常返回0L */ public Long append(String key, String str) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.append(key, str); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); return 0L; } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 判斷key是否存在 * </p> * * @param key * @return true OR false */ public Boolean exists(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); return jedis.exists(key); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); return false; } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } } /** * <p> * 設置key value,若是key已經存在則返回0,nx==> not exist * </p> * * @param key * @param value * @return 成功返回1 若是存在 和 發生異常 返回 0 */ public Long setnx(String key, String value) { Jedis jedis = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); return jedis.setnx(key, value); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); return 0L; } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } } /** * <p> * 設置key value並制定這個鍵值的有效期 * </p> * * @param key * @param value * @param seconds * 單位:秒 * @return 成功返回OK 失敗和異常返回null */ public String setex(String key, String value, int seconds) { Jedis jedis = null; String res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.setex(key, seconds, value); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key 和offset 從指定的位置開始將原先value替換 * </p> * <p> * 下標從0開始,offset表示從offset下標開始替換 * </p> * <p> * 若是替換的字符串長度太小則會這樣 * </p> * <p> * example: * </p> * <p> * value : bigsea@zto.cn * </p> * <p> * str : abc * </p> * <P> * 從下標7開始替換 則結果爲 * </p> * <p> * RES : bigsea.abc.cn * </p> * * @param key * @param str * @param offset * 下標位置 * @return 返回替換後 value 的長度 */ public Long setrange(String key, String str, int offset) { Jedis jedis = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); return jedis.setrange(key, offset, str); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); return 0L; } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } } /** * <p> * 經過批量的key獲取批量的value * </p> * * @param keys * string數組 也能夠是一個key * @return 成功返回value的集合, 失敗返回null的集合 ,異常返回空 */ public List<String> mget(String... keys) { Jedis jedis = null; List<String> values = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); values = jedis.mget(keys); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return values; } /** * <p> * 批量的設置key:value,能夠一個 * </p> * <p> * example: * </p> * <p> * obj.mset(new String[]{"key2","value1","key2","value2"}) * </p> * * @param keysvalues * @return 成功返回OK 失敗 異常 返回 null * */ public String mset(String... keysvalues) { Jedis jedis = null; String res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.mset(keysvalues); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 批量的設置key:value,能夠一個,若是key已經存在則會失敗,操做會回滾 * </p> * <p> * example: * </p> * <p> * obj.msetnx(new String[]{"key2","value1","key2","value2"}) * </p> * * @param keysvalues * @return 成功返回1 失敗返回0 */ public Long msetnx(String... keysvalues) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = 0L; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.msetnx(keysvalues); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 設置key的值,並返回一箇舊值 * </p> * * @param key * @param value * @return 舊值 若是key不存在 則返回null */ public String getset(String key, String value) { Jedis jedis = null; String res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.getSet(key, value); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過下標 和key 獲取指定下標位置的 value * </p> * * @param key * @param startOffset * 開始位置 從0 開始 負數表示從右邊開始截取 * @param endOffset * @return 若是沒有返回null */ public String getrange(String key, int startOffset, int endOffset) { Jedis jedis = null; String res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.getrange(key, startOffset, endOffset); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key 對value進行加值+1操做,當value不是int類型時會返回錯誤,當key不存在是則value爲1 * </p> * * @param key * @return 加值後的結果 */ public Long incr(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.incr(key); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key給指定的value加值,若是key不存在,則這是value爲該值 * </p> * * @param key * @param integer * @return */ public Long incrBy(String key, Long integer) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.incrBy(key, integer); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 對key的值作減減操做,若是key不存在,則設置key爲-1 * </p> * * @param key * @return */ public Long decr(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.decr(key); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 減去指定的值 * </p> * * @param key * @param integer * @return */ public Long decrBy(String key, Long integer) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.decrBy(key, integer); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key獲取value值的長度 * </p> * * @param key * @return 失敗返回null */ public Long serlen(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.strlen(key); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key給field設置指定的值,若是key不存在,則先建立 * </p> * * @param key * @param field * 字段 * @param value * @return 若是存在返回0 異常返回null */ public Long hset(String key, String field, String value) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.hset(key, field, value); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key給field設置指定的值,若是key不存在則先建立,若是field已經存在,返回0 * </p> * * @param key * @param field * @param value * @return */ public Long hsetnx(String key, String field, String value) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.hsetnx(key, field, value); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key同時設置 hash的多個field * </p> * * @param key * @param hash * @return 返回OK 異常返回null */ public String hmset(String key, Map<String, String> hash) { Jedis jedis = null; String res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.hmset(key, hash); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key 和 field 獲取指定的 value * </p> * * @param key * @param field * @return 沒有返回null */ public String hget(String key, String field) { Jedis jedis = null; String res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.hget(key, field); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key 和 fields 獲取指定的value 若是沒有對應的value則返回null * </p> * * @param key * @param fields * 可使 一個String 也能夠是 String數組 * @return */ public List<String> hmget(String key, String... fields) { Jedis jedis = null; List<String> res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.hmget(key, fields); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key給指定的field的value加上給定的值 * </p> * * @param key * @param field * @param value * @return */ public Long hincrby(String key, String field, Long value) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.hincrBy(key, field, value); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key和field判斷是否有指定的value存在 * </p> * * @param key * @param field * @return */ public Boolean hexists(String key, String field) { Jedis jedis = null; Boolean res = false; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.hexists(key, field); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key返回field的數量 * </p> * * @param key * @return */ public Long hlen(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.hlen(key); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key 刪除指定的 field * </p> * * @param key * @param fields * 能夠是 一個 field 也能夠是 一個數組 * @return */ public Long hdel(String key, String... fields) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.hdel(key, fields); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key返回全部的field * </p> * * @param key * @return */ public Set<String> hkeys(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; Set<String> res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.hkeys(key); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key返回全部和key有關的value * </p> * * @param key * @return */ public List<String> hvals(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; List<String> res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.hvals(key); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key獲取全部的field和value * </p> * * @param key * @return */ public Map<String, String> hgetall(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; Map<String, String> res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.hgetAll(key); } catch (Exception e) { // TODO } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key向list頭部添加字符串 * </p> * * @param key * @param strs * 可使一個string 也可使string數組 * @return 返回list的value個數 */ public Long lpush(String key, String... strs) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.lpush(key, strs); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key向list尾部添加字符串 * </p> * * @param key * @param strs * 可使一個string 也可使string數組 * @return 返回list的value個數 */ public Long rpush(String key, String... strs) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.rpush(key, strs); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key在list指定的位置以前或者以後 添加字符串元素 * </p> * * @param key * @param where * LIST_POSITION枚舉類型 * @param pivot * list裏面的value * @param value * 添加的value * @return */ public Long linsert(String key, LIST_POSITION where, String pivot, String value) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.linsert(key, where, pivot, value); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key設置list指定下標位置的value * </p> * <p> * 若是下標超過list裏面value的個數則報錯 * </p> * * @param key * @param index * 從0開始 * @param value * @return 成功返回OK */ public String lset(String key, Long index, String value) { Jedis jedis = null; String res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.lset(key, index, value); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key從對應的list中刪除指定的count個 和 value相同的元素 * </p> * * @param key * @param count * 當count爲0時刪除所有 * @param value * @return 返回被刪除的個數 */ public Long lrem(String key, long count, String value) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.lrem(key, count, value); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key保留list中從strat下標開始到end下標結束的value值 * </p> * * @param key * @param start * @param end * @return 成功返回OK */ public String ltrim(String key, long start, long end) { Jedis jedis = null; String res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.ltrim(key, start, end); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key從list的頭部刪除一個value,並返回該value * </p> * * @param key * @return */ synchronized public String lpop(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; String res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.lpop(key); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key從list尾部刪除一個value,並返回該元素 * </p> * * @param key * @return */ synchronized public String rpop(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; String res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.rpop(key); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key從一個list的尾部刪除一個value並添加到另外一個list的頭部,並返回該value * </p> * <p> * 若是第一個list爲空或者不存在則返回null * </p> * * @param srckey * @param dstkey * @return */ public String rpoplpush(String srckey, String dstkey) { Jedis jedis = null; String res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.rpoplpush(srckey, dstkey); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key獲取list中指定下標位置的value * </p> * * @param key * @param index * @return 若是沒有返回null */ public String lindex(String key, long index) { Jedis jedis = null; String res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.lindex(key, index); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key返回list的長度 * </p> * * @param key * @return */ public Long llen(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.llen(key); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key獲取list指定下標位置的value * </p> * <p> * 若是start 爲 0 end 爲 -1 則返回所有的list中的value * </p> * * @param key * @param start * @param end * @return */ public List<String> lrange(String key, long start, long end) { Jedis jedis = null; List<String> res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.lrange(key, start, end); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key向指定的set中添加value * </p> * * @param key * @param members * 能夠是一個String 也能夠是一個String數組 * @return 添加成功的個數 */ public Long sadd(String key, String... members) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.sadd(key, members); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key刪除set中對應的value值 * </p> * * @param key * @param members * 能夠是一個String 也能夠是一個String數組 * @return 刪除的個數 */ public Long srem(String key, String... members) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.srem(key, members); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key隨機刪除一個set中的value並返回該值 * </p> * * @param key * @return */ public String spop(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; String res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.spop(key); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key獲取set中的差集 * </p> * <p> * 以第一個set爲標準 * </p> * * @param keys * 可使一個string 則返回set中全部的value 也能夠是string數組 * @return */ public Set<String> sdiff(String... keys) { Jedis jedis = null; Set<String> res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.sdiff(keys); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key獲取set中的差集並存入到另外一個key中 * </p> * <p> * 以第一個set爲標準 * </p> * * @param dstkey * 差集存入的key * @param keys * 可使一個string 則返回set中全部的value 也能夠是string數組 * @return */ public Long sdiffstore(String dstkey, String... keys) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.sdiffstore(dstkey, keys); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key獲取指定set中的交集 * </p> * * @param keys * 可使一個string 也能夠是一個string數組 * @return */ public Set<String> sinter(String... keys) { Jedis jedis = null; Set<String> res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.sinter(keys); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key獲取指定set中的交集 並將結果存入新的set中 * </p> * * @param dstkey * @param keys * 可使一個string 也能夠是一個string數組 * @return */ public Long sinterstore(String dstkey, String... keys) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.sinterstore(dstkey, keys); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key返回全部set的並集 * </p> * * @param keys * 可使一個string 也能夠是一個string數組 * @return */ public Set<String> sunion(String... keys) { Jedis jedis = null; Set<String> res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.sunion(keys); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key返回全部set的並集,並存入到新的set中 * </p> * * @param dstkey * @param keys * 可使一個string 也能夠是一個string數組 * @return */ public Long sunionstore(String dstkey, String... keys) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.sunionstore(dstkey, keys); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key將set中的value移除並添加到第二個set中 * </p> * * @param srckey * 須要移除的 * @param dstkey * 添加的 * @param member * set中的value * @return */ public Long smove(String srckey, String dstkey, String member) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.smove(srckey, dstkey, member); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key獲取set中value的個數 * </p> * * @param key * @return */ public Long scard(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.scard(key); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key判斷value是不是set中的元素 * </p> * * @param key * @param member * @return */ public Boolean sismember(String key, String member) { Jedis jedis = null; Boolean res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.sismember(key, member); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key獲取set中隨機的value,不刪除元素 * </p> * * @param key * @return */ public String srandmember(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; String res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.srandmember(key); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key獲取set中全部的value * </p> * * @param key * @return */ public Set<String> smembers(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; Set<String> res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.smembers(key); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key向zset中添加value,score,其中score就是用來排序的 * </p> * <p> * 若是該value已經存在則根據score更新元素 * </p> * * @param key * @param score * @param member * @return */ public Long zadd(String key, double score, String member) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.zadd(key, score, member); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key刪除在zset中指定的value * </p> * * @param key * @param members * 可使一個string 也能夠是一個string數組 * @return */ public Long zrem(String key, String... members) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.zrem(key, members); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key增長該zset中value的score的值 * </p> * * @param key * @param score * @param member * @return */ public Double zincrby(String key, double score, String member) { Jedis jedis = null; Double res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.zincrby(key, score, member); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key返回zset中value的排名 * </p> * <p> * 下標從小到大排序 * </p> * * @param key * @param member * @return */ public Long zrank(String key, String member) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.zrank(key, member); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key返回zset中value的排名 * </p> * <p> * 下標從大到小排序 * </p> * * @param key * @param member * @return */ public Long zrevrank(String key, String member) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.zrevrank(key, member); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key將獲取score從start到end中zset的value * </p> * <p> * socre從大到小排序 * </p> * <p> * 當start爲0 end爲-1時返回所有 * </p> * * @param key * @param start * @param end * @return */ public Set<String> zrevrange(String key, long start, long end) { Jedis jedis = null; Set<String> res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.zrevrange(key, start, end); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key返回指定score內zset中的value * </p> * * @param key * @param max * @param min * @return */ public Set<String> zrangebyscore(String key, String max, String min) { Jedis jedis = null; Set<String> res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.zrevrangeByScore(key, max, min); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key返回指定score內zset中的value * </p> * * @param key * @param max * @param min * @return */ public Set<String> zrangeByScore(String key, double max, double min) { Jedis jedis = null; Set<String> res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.zrevrangeByScore(key, max, min); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 返回指定區間內zset中value的數量 * </p> * * @param key * @param min * @param max * @return */ public Long zcount(String key, String min, String max) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.zcount(key, min, max); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key返回zset中的value個數 * </p> * * @param key * @return */ public Long zcard(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.zcard(key); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key獲取zset中value的score值 * </p> * * @param key * @param member * @return */ public Double zscore(String key, String member) { Jedis jedis = null; Double res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.zscore(key, member); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key刪除給定區間內的元素 * </p> * * @param key * @param start * @param end * @return */ public Long zremrangeByRank(String key, long start, long end) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.zremrangeByRank(key, start, end); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key刪除指定score內的元素 * </p> * * @param key * @param start * @param end * @return */ public Long zremrangeByScore(String key, double start, double end) { Jedis jedis = null; Long res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.zremrangeByScore(key, start, end); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 返回知足pattern表達式的全部key * </p> * <p> * keys(*) * </p> * <p> * 返回全部的key * </p> * * @param pattern * @return */ public Set<String> keys(String pattern) { Jedis jedis = null; Set<String> res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.keys(pattern); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * <p> * 經過key判斷值得類型 * </p> * * @param key * @return */ public String type(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; String res = null; try { jedis = pool.getResource(); res = jedis.type(key); } catch (Exception e) { LOGGER.error(e.getMessage()); } finally { returnResource(pool, jedis); } return res; } /** * 返還到鏈接池 * * @param pool * @param jedis */ public static void returnResource(JedisPool pool, Jedis jedis) { if (jedis != null) { pool.returnResourceObject(jedis); } } /** * 返還到鏈接池 * * @param pool * @param jedis */ public static void returnResource(Jedis jedis) { if (jedis != null) { pool.returnResourceObject(jedis); } } }
四、測試
寫了一個簡單的秒殺系統的模擬
package com.github.distribute.lock.redis; import java.util.Set; import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService; import java.util.concurrent.Executors; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis; public class PessimisticLockTest { public static void main(String[] args) { long starTime=System.currentTimeMillis(); initPrduct(); initClient(); printResult(); long endTime=System.currentTimeMillis(); long Time=endTime-starTime; System.out.println("程序運行時間: "+Time+"ms"); } /** * 輸出結果 */ public static void printResult() { Jedis jedis = RedisUtil.getInstance().getJedis(); Set<String> set = jedis.smembers("clientList"); int i = 1; for (String value : set) { System.out.println("第" + i++ + "個搶到商品," + value + " "); } RedisUtil.returnResource(jedis); } /* * 初始化顧客開始搶商品 */ public static void initClient() { ExecutorService cachedThreadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); int clientNum = 10000;// 模擬客戶數目 for (int i = 0; i < clientNum; i++) { cachedThreadPool.execute(new PessClientThread(i)); } cachedThreadPool.shutdown(); while (true) { if (cachedThreadPool.isTerminated()) { System.out.println("全部的線程都結束了!"); break; } try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } /** * 初始化商品個數 */ public static void initPrduct() { int prdNum = 100;// 商品個數 String key = "prdNum"; String clientList = "clientList";// 搶購到商品的顧客列表 Jedis jedis = RedisUtil.getInstance().getJedis(); if (jedis.exists(key)) { jedis.del(key); } if (jedis.exists(clientList)) { jedis.del(clientList); } jedis.set(key, String.valueOf(prdNum));// 初始化 RedisUtil.returnResource(jedis); } } /** * 顧客線程 * * @author linbingwen * */ class PessClientThread implements Runnable { String key = "prdNum";// 商品主鍵 String clientList = "clientList";// // 搶購到商品的顧客列表主鍵 String clientName; RedisBasedDistributedLock redisBasedDistributedLock; Jedis jedis = null; public PessClientThread(int num) { clientName = "編號=" + num; init(); } public void init() { jedis = RedisUtil.getInstance().getJedis(); redisBasedDistributedLock = new RedisBasedDistributedLock(jedis, "lock.lock", 5 * 1000); } public void run() { try { Thread.sleep((int) (Math.random() * 5000));// 隨機睡眠一下 } catch (InterruptedException e1) { } while (true) { //先判斷緩存是否有商品 if(Integer.valueOf(jedis.get(key))<= 0) { break; } //緩存還有商品,取鎖,商品數目減去1 System.out.println("顧客:" + clientName + "開始搶商品"); if (redisBasedDistributedLock.tryLock(3,TimeUnit.SECONDS)) { //等待3秒獲取鎖,不然返回false int prdNum = Integer.valueOf(jedis.get(key)); //再次取得商品緩存數目 if (prdNum > 0) { jedis.decr(key);//商品數減1 jedis.sadd(clientList, clientName);// 搶到商品記錄一下 System.out.println("好高興,顧客:" + clientName + "搶到商品"); } else { System.out.println("悲劇了,庫存爲0,顧客:" + clientName + "沒有搶到商品"); } redisBasedDistributedLock.unlock(); break; } } //釋放資源 redisBasedDistributedLock = null; RedisUtil.returnResource(jedis); } }
輸出結果: