在Windows上安裝Docker

Docker在Windows下的安裝

1. 下載Docker for Windows

   穩定版

2. 準備安裝Docker for Windows
   安裝前請保障 Windows10 版本大於或等於 1703，os版本大於或等於 15063
   我在版本1607下安裝就會有找不到引用匯編文件的錯誤
   必須啓用Hyper-V軟件包才能使Docker for Windows工做。若是您的系統不知足這些要求，您能夠安裝Docker Toolbox，它使用Oracle Virtual Box而不是Hyper-V。
   在 Windows 10 上安裝 Hyper-V 網址

3. 安裝Docker for Windows
   雙擊InstallDocker.msi以運行安裝程序。

4. 檢查Docker
   打開PowerShell，輸入如下代碼

   PS C:\Users\Docker> docker --version
   Docker version 17.03.0-ce, build 60ccb22
   
   PS C:\Users\Docker> docker-compose --version
   docker-compose version 1.11.2, build dfed245
   
   PS C:\Users\Docker> docker-machine --version
   docker-machine version 0.10.0, build 76ed2a6

   運行docker run hello-world來測試從Docker Hub拉一個鏡像並啓動一個容器。

   PS C:\Users\jdoe> docker run hello-world

   Hello from Docker. This message shows that your installation appears
   to be working correctly.

   To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:

   1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.

   2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.

   3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the executable that produces the output you are currently
      reading.

   4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it to your terminal.

   嘗試更有野心的東西，並使用此命令運行Ubuntu容器。
   這將下載ubuntu容器鏡像並啓動它。如下是在powerhell中運行此命令的輸出。

   PS C:Usersjdoe> docker run -it ubuntu bash

   Unable to find image 'ubuntu:latest' locally latest: Pulling from
   library/ubuntu 5a132a7e7af1: Pull complete fd2731e4c50c: Pull complete
   28a2f68d1120: Pull complete a3ed95caeb02: Pull complete Digest:
   sha256:4e85ebe01d056b43955250bbac22bdb8734271122e3c78d21e55ee235fc6802d
   Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest

   使用docker開啓nginx服務器

   PS C:\Users\jdoe> docker run -d -p 80:80 --name webserver nginx

   Unable to find image 'nginx:latest' locally latest: Pulling from
   library/nginx

   fdd5d7827f33: Pull complete a3ed95caeb02: Pull complete 716f7a5f3082:
   Pull complete 7b10f03a0309: Pull complete Digest:
   sha256:f6a001272d5d324c4c9f3f183e1b69e9e0ff12debeb7a092730d638c33e0de3e
   Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
   dfe13c68b3b86f01951af617df02be4897184cbf7a8b4d5caf1c3c5bd3fc267f

   訪問http://localhost/以顯示nginx起始頁。

   使用 docker ps 命令查看容器列表
   使用 docker images 命令查看鏡像列表

5. 加速器

   在系統右下角托盤圖標內右鍵菜單選擇 Settings，打開配置窗口後左側導航菜單選擇 Docker Daemon。編輯窗口內的JSON串，填寫如阿里雲、DaoCloud之類的加速器地址，如：

   {
        "registry-mirrors": [
          "https://sr5arhkn.mirror.aliyuncs.com",
          "http://14d216f4.m.daocloud.io"
        ],
        "insecure-registries": []
      }

   參考資料：
   Docker — 從入門到實踐
   docker官網