筆記本上使用Archlinux[轉]

筆記本上使用Archlinux來自: http://arithboy.org/wiki/gnu/arch/Laptop.html

近日購得二手筆記本一臺,在其上運行linux的一些設置記錄以下: 型號爲 <nop>ThinkPad T30

tp 上功能鍵的使用

個人.xmodmaprc

keycode 227 = F30
keycode 234 = F19
keycode 233 = F20
keycode 77 = Num_Lock

remove Lock = Caps_Lock
remove Control = Control_L
remove Mod4 = Hyper_L
keycode 227 = Caps_Lock
keysym Control_L = Hyper_L
keysym Caps_Lock = Control_L
add Lock = Caps_Lock
add Control = Control_L
add Mod4 = Hyper_L以上把兩個翻頁鍵設爲F19和F20,把Fn設爲F30,使shift+scrlk正常工做.<br> 把caps lock鍵用於ctrl鍵,左ctrl鍵用於窗口管理器.Fn用於大小寫切換.<br> Fn作窗口管理器的modifier我沒成功,可能主板?已經截獲掉好多組合鍵了 Contents

網絡環境的配置

laptop-mode的配置

設置筆記本的待機

cpu自動降頻

監測硬盤,cpu,電池等

thinkpad筆記本的熱鍵設置

DPMS的使用

top 網絡環境的配置首先添加udev規則,解決兩個網卡的順序問題.<BR> 編輯/etc/udev/rules.d/10-network.rulesSUBSYSTEM=="net", SYSFS{address}=="00:02:8a:47:f4:a5", NAME="wlan0"
SUBSYSTEM=="net", SYSFS{address}=="00:09:6b:06:a5:b4", NAME="lan0"

筆記本上常常移動,須要多套網絡的配置.<BR> 編輯rc.conf

...
HOSTNAME="localhost"
lo="lo 127.0.0.1"
INTERFACES=(lo)
NET_PROFILES=(menu)
...將NET_PROFILES=(menu)打開,在/etc/network-profiles/中添加配置文件.

例如文件/etc/network-profiles/20-home

DESCRIPTION="home"
INTERFACE=lan0
HOSTNAME=localhost
IFOPTS="219.242.113.92 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 219.242.113.255 hw ether 00132051A785"
GATEWAY=219.242.113.1
DNS1=202.112.144.30使用sudo /etc/rc.d/network restart則可更改網絡設置,/etc/resolv.conf的值會被更新.<BR> 當有多個配置時,文件名以字典序排列,數字開頭則比較方便,數字最小的爲默認網絡配置. top laptop-mode的配置

安裝 laptop-mode-tools 軟件包.

編輯文件/etc/laptop-mode/laptop-mode.conf 默認設置已經可以知足須要了,只要把CONTROL_開頭的打開便可, 裏面包含了硬盤,cpu等多方面的設置,能極大延長電池的使用時間, 推薦使用.

top 設置筆記本的待機

安裝acpid,機器待機時,背光仍然打開,主要是使用radeon的顯卡可能會有這個問題. 詳細的描述見¹,使用radeontool解決該問題,腳本²以下:

#!/bin/sh

# if launched through a lid event and lid is open, do nothing
echo "$1" | grep "button/lid" && grep -q open /proc/acpi/button/lid/LID/state && exit 0

# remove USB 1.1 driver
rmmod uhci_hcd

# sync filesystem and clock
sync
/sbin/hwclock --systohc

# switch to console
FGCONSOLE=`fgconsole`
chvt 6
/usr/sbin/radeontool light off

# go to sleep
sleep 5 && echo -n "mem" > /sys/power/state

# readjust the clock (it might be off a bit after suspend)
/sbin/hwclock --adjust
/sbin/hwclock --hctosys

# reload USB 1.1 driver
modprobe uhci_hcd

# turn on the backlight and switch back to X
radeontool light on
chvt $FGCONSOLE將腳本保存在/etc/acpi/actions/sleep.sh,並chmod +x sleep.sh

修改/etc/acpi/handler.sh 按下sleep按鍵時(我這裏是Fn+F4)執行sleep.sh,進入待機

...
button/sleep)
case "$2" in
SLPB) #echo -n mem >/sys/power/state ;;
/etc/acpi/actions/sleep.sh;;#註釋掉上句,添加這句
...合上屏幕時,待機...
button/lid)
#echo "LID switched!">/dev/tty5
/etc/acpi/actions/sleep.sh #添加這句
;;
...修改腳本之後,重起服務便可生效./etc/rc.d/acpid restart

有個問題就是待機時usb口仍然供電,在windows下則無此現象.

top cpu自動降頻查找所須要的模塊modprobe -l |grep cpufreq
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_powersave.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_stats.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_userspace.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_ondemand.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_conservative.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/freq_table.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/longrun.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/powernow-k8.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/powernow-k7.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/powernow-k6.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/speedstep-smi.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/speedstep-lib.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/speedstep-ich.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/acpi-cpufreq.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/p4-clockmod.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/cpufreq-nforce2.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/gx-suspmod.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/speedstep-centrino.ko個人cpu是P4M1.6GHZ,選擇speedstep-ich.ko,同時須要cpufreq governors: 我這裏顯示有5個能夠選擇 userspace, powersave, ondemand, conservative, perform ance.

cpu降頻的軟件包有cpufreqd和cpufrequtils,後來發現laptop-mode-tools裏面直接能夠控制cpu頻率和throttling.推薦使用這個.

須要在rc.conf中添加speedstep-ich和ondemand

top 監測硬盤,cpu,電池等arch中監測支持smart硬盤溫度軟件有smartmontools和hddtemp,第一個監測的功能不少,咱們使用第二個,[arch@localhost proc]$ sudo hddtemp -n /dev/hda
51

監測cpu頻率,溫度,電池等. 這些信息都在/proc/acpi中,通常窗口管理器裏面自帶腳本/插件均可以監測,若沒用的話,使用某個腳本語言,用正則表達式抓取數據也是很容易的. conky能夠將數據輸出到桌面.

這裏有一個ion下檢測系統信息的腳本

top thinkpad筆記本的熱鍵設置主要使用 ibm_acpi模塊,其它品牌筆記本不適用.<BR> 添加ibm_acpi到rc.conf中的MODULES,在/etc/modprobe.conf 添加options ibm_acpi hotkey=enable,0xffff experimental=1指定加載模塊時的參數,hotkey=enable,0xffff指明使用盡量多的快捷鍵,experimental=1打開一些在測試中的功能,如控 制cpu風扇等,啓用hotkey功能後,Fn+F4組合鍵將不產生sleep的acpi的事件,而是ibm/hotkey事件.

這樣運行 acpi_listen後,能夠監測Fn+F1-F12中那些組合產生acpi的事件,我這裏是 F3,F4,F7,F8,F12.我將F3設置爲開關屏幕,F4爲待機,F7爲切換顯示器,F8爲關閉bay(用來熱拔插光驅或第2塊電池),F12設置爲關機.

咱們使用radeontool來切換,它沒有監測lcd狀態的功能,可使用腳原本簡單判斷lcd的狀態.

/etc/acpi/actions/lcd_switch.sh

#!/bin/sh

flag=/tmp/thinkpad_lcd_off

if [ -e $flag ]; then
/usr/sbin/radeontool light on
rm -f $flag
else
/usr/sbin/radeontool light off
> $flag
fi注意要chmod +x lcd_switch.sh

切換顯示器使用

echo video_switch > /proc/acpi/ibm/video關閉bay使用echo eject > /proc/acpi/ibm/bay

修改handler.sh

...
ibm/hotkey)
case "$2" in
HKEY)
case "$4" in
00001003) #echo "f3" >/dev/tty5
/etc/acpi/actions/lcd_switch.sh
;;
00001004) #echo "f4" >/dev/tty5
/etc/acpi/actions/sleep.sh
;;
00001007) #echo "f7" >/dev/tty5
echo video_switch > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
;;
00001008) #echo "f8" >/dev/tty5
echo eject > /proc/acpi/ibm/bay
;;
0000100c) #echo "f12" >/dev/tty5
/sbin/halt
;;
esac
;;
*) logger "ibm_acpi undefined:$2";;
esac
;;
...使用tpb能夠在屏幕上顯示音量等信息,還能夠設置thinkpad等熱鍵. top DPMS的使用

修改xorg.conf在Section "Monitor" 中添加 Option "DPMS",在 Section "ServerLayout" 中添加

Option "StandbyTime" "20" # Turn off screen in 20 minutes
Option "SuspendTime" "30" # Full hibernation in 30 minutes
Option "OffTime" "40" # Turn off DPMS monitor使用xset dpms force standby能夠當即查看效果.

我這裏dpms一直沒法使用,將驅動從"versa"換爲"radeon"(軟件包爲 xf86-video-ati)後dpms正常,使用versa時,使用mplayer播放某些rmvb時,cpu佔用率很高,可是畫面和聲音不一樣步. mplayer提示"Your system is too SLOW to play this! "使用"radeon"再增長cache的值,能夠解決.

xorg.conf部分配置,參考³⁴

Section "Device"
Identifier "Card0"
Driver "radeon"
Option "AGPMode" "4"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "on"
Option "Ahod" "EXA"

Option "AGPFastWrite" "yes"
Option "ColorTiling" "on"
Option "RenderA" "on"
#Option "OverlayOnCRTC1" "on"
#Option "OverlayOnCRTC2" "on"
# enable (partial) PowerPlay features
Option "DynamicClocks" "on"
# use bios hot keys on thinkpad (aka fn+f7)
Option "BIOSHotkeys" "on"
# enable radeon specific xinerama
#Option "MergedFB" "true"
#Option "CRT2Position" "RightOf"
#Option "CRT2Hsync" "50-75"
#Option "CRT2VRefresh" "30-82"
#Option "MetaModes" "1024x768-1024x768"
#Option "MergedNonRectangular" "true"
#BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
EndSectionmplayer -cache 16000 abc.rmvb radeontool的PKGBUILDpkgname=radeontool
pkgver=1.5
pkgrel=2
pkgdesc=
url="http://fdd.com/software/radeon/"
license=GPL
depends=('pciutils')
makedepends=()
backup=()
source=( http://fdd.com/software/radeon/$pkgname-$pkgver.tar.gz)
md5sums=(8065eebe5a2b163e43b40461bfe49a56)

build() {
cd $startdir/src/$pkgname-$pkgver
make || return 1
mkdir -p $startdir/pkg/usr/sbin
cp $pkgname $startdir/pkg/usr/sbin
}

1. http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/How_to_configure_acpid<br />

2. http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/How_to_configure_acpid#Action_Script<br />

3. http://dri.freedesktop.org/wiki/ATIRadeon<br />

4. http://thinkwiki.org/wiki/Additional_options_for_the_radeon_driver