今天利用matplotlib
繪圖,想要完成一個雙座標格式的圖。html
fig=plt.figure(figsize=(20,15)) ax1=fig.add_subplot(111) ax1.plot(demo0719['TPS'],'b-',label='TPS',linewidth=2) ax2=ax1.twinx()#這是雙座標關鍵一步 ax2.plot(demo0719['successRate']*100,'r-',label='successRate',linewidth=2)
import matplotlib.dates as mdate ax1.xaxis.set_major_formatter(mdate.DateFormatter('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'))#設置時間標籤顯示格式 plt.xticks(pd.date_range(demo0719.index[0],demo0719.index[-1],freq='1min'))
import matplotlib.ticker as mtick fmt='%.2f%%' yticks = mtick.FormatStrFormatter(fmt) ax2.yaxis.set_major_formatter(yticks)
在matplotlib中,整個圖像爲一個Figure對象。在Figure對象中能夠包含一個,或者多個Axes對象。每一個Axes對象都是一個擁有本身座標系統的繪圖區域。其邏輯關係以下:
一個Figure
對應一張圖片。api
Title爲標題。Axis爲座標軸,Label爲座標軸標註。Tick爲刻度線,Tick Label爲刻度註釋。1spa
Title爲標題。Axis爲座標軸,Label爲座標軸標註。Tick爲刻度線,Tick Label爲刻度註釋。code
官網matplotlib.pyplot.figurepyplot.figure()
是返回一個Figure
對象的,也就是一張圖片。orm
The Axes instance will be returned.對象
ax = twinx()
create a twin of Axes for generating a plot with a sharex x-axis but independent y axis. The y-axis of self will have ticks on left and the returned axes will have ticks on the right.
意思就是,建立了一個獨立的Y軸,共享了X軸。雙座標軸!圖片
相似的還有twiny()
utf-8
Set the formatter of the major ticker
ACCEPTS: A Formatter instance
class matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter(fmt, tz=None)
這是一個類,建立一個時間格式的實例。
strftime方法(傳入格式化字符串)。
strftime(dt, fmt=None) Refer to documentation for datetime.strftime. fmt is a strftime() format string.
Use a new-style format string (as used by str.format()) to format the tick. The field formatting must be labeled x
定義字符串格式。
# return locs, labels where locs is an array of tick locations and # labels is an array of tick labels. locs, labels = xticks() # set the locations of the xticks xticks( arange(6) ) # set the locations and labels of the xticks xticks( arange(5), ('Tom', 'Dick', 'Harry', 'Sally', 'Sue') )
#coding:utf-8 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import matplotlib as mpl import matplotlib.dates as mdate import matplotlib.ticker as mtick import numpy as np import pandas as pd import os mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei'] #用來正常顯示中文標籤 mpl.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False #用來正常顯示負號 mpl.rc('xtick', labelsize=20) #設置座標軸刻度顯示大小 mpl.rc('ytick', labelsize=20) font_size=30 #matplotlib.rcParams.update({'font.size': 60}) %matplotlib inline plt.style.use('ggplot') data=pd.read_csv('simsendLogConvert_20160803094801.csv',index_col=0,encoding='gb2312',parse_dates=True) columns_len=len(data.columns) data_columns=data.columns for x in range(0,columns_len,2): print('第{}列'.format(x)) total=data.ix[:,x] print('第{}列'.format(x+1)) successRate=(data.ix[:,x+1]/data.ix[:,x]).fillna(0) yLeftLabel=data_columns[x] yRightLable=data_columns[x+1] print('------------------開始繪製類型{}曲線圖------------------'.format(data_columns[x])) fig=plt.figure(figsize=(25,20)) ax1=fig.add_subplot(111) #繪製Total曲線圖 ax1.plot(total,color='#4A7EBB',label=yLeftLabel,linewidth=4) # 設置X軸的座標刻度線顯示間隔 ax1.xaxis.set_major_formatter(mdate.DateFormatter('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'))#設置時間標籤顯示格式 plt.xticks(pd.date_range(data.index[0],data.index[-1],freq='1min'))#時間間隔 plt.xticks(rotation=90) #設置雙座標軸,右側Y軸 ax2=ax1.twinx() #設置右側Y軸顯示百分數 fmt='%.2f%%' yticks = mtick.FormatStrFormatter(fmt) # 繪製成功率圖像 ax2.set_ylim(0,110) ax2.plot(successRate*100,color='#BE4B48',label=yRightLable,linewidth=4) ax2.yaxis.set_major_formatter(yticks) ax1.set_xlabel('Time',fontsize=font_size) ax1.set_ylabel(yLeftLabel,fontsize=font_size) ax2.set_ylabel(yRightLable,fontsize=font_size) legend1=ax1.legend(loc=(.02,.94),fontsize=16,shadow=True) legend2=ax2.legend(loc=(.02,.9),fontsize=16,shadow=True) legend1.get_frame().set_facecolor('#FFFFFF') legend2.get_frame().set_facecolor('#FFFFFF') plt.title(yLeftLabel+'&'+yRightLable,fontsize=font_size) plt.savefig('D:\\JGT\\Work-YL\\01佈置的任務\\04繪製曲線圖和報告文件\\0803\\出圖\\{}-{}'.format(yLeftLabel.replace(r'/',' '),yRightLable.replace(r'/',' ')),dpi=300)