Mac下安裝mysql5.7.31

目錄

• 1.下載安裝
• 2.配置環境變量
• 3.mysql 配置文件
• 4.兩種啓動 mysql 的方式
• 5.初始化配置及修改密碼
• 6.brew 安裝 mysql（未檢驗）

一.下載安裝

1.官網下載

下載地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

2.找到5.7.31版本

3.選擇直接下載

4.安裝

5.記下數據庫臨時密碼，一路下一步完成安裝

二.配置環境變量

1.在 terminal 中切換到用戶的根目錄，編輯./.bash_profile 文件

eternity@TheEternitydeMacBook-Pro ~ % cd ~
eternity@TheEternitydeMacBook-Pro ~ % pwd
/Users/eternity
eternity@TheEternitydeMacBook-Pro ~ % vim ./.bash_profile

2.進入 vim，配置 PATH 變量

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/support-files
  
備註：
	第一行的是爲了 mysql -u root -p 方便使用
  第二行的是爲了使用命令行啓動中止數據庫使用

3.按下 esc 退出編輯模式，輸入:wq 保存並退出

:wq

4.從新加載配置文件，並驗證配置是否生效

eternity@TheEternitydeMacBook-Pro ~ % source ~/.bash_profile 
eternity@TheEternitydeMacBook-Pro ~ % echo $PATH 
/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/support-files
eternity@TheEternitydeMacBook-Pro /etc % mysql --version
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.31, for macos10.14 (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

三.mysql 配置文件

1.在/etc 目錄下新建 my.cnf 配置文件，並賦予讀寫權限

eternity@TheEternitydeMacBook-Pro /etc % sudo touch my.cnf
Password:
eternity@TheEternitydeMacBook-Pro /etc % ls|grep cnf      
my.cnf
eternity@TheEternitydeMacBook-Pro /etc % sudo chmod 777 my.cnf

2.配置文件內容

# Example MySQL config file for medium systems.

#

# This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays

# an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with

# other programs (such as a web server)

#

# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of

# locations which depend on the deployment platform.

# You can copy this option file to one of those

# locations. For information about these locations, see:

# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html

#

# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.

# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program

# with the "--help" option.

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients

[client]

default-character-set=utf8

#password = your_password

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

# Here follows entries for some specific programs

# The MySQL server

[mysqld]

character-set-server=utf8

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size = 16M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 64

sort_buffer_size = 512K

net_buffer_length = 8K

read_buffer_size = 256K

read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M

character-set-server=utf8

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,

# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.

# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.

# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows

# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!

#

#skip-networking

# Replication Master Server (default)

# binary logging is required for replication

log-bin=mysql-bin

# binary logging format - mixed recommended

binlog_format=mixed

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1

# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set

# but will not function as a master if omitted

server-id = 1

# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)

#

# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between

# two methods :

#

# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -

# the syntax is:

#

# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,

# MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;

#

# where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and

# <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).

#

# Example:

#

# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,

# MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';

#

# OR

#

# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then

# start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example

# if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to

# connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later

# change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and

# overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown

# the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.

# For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched

# (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)

#

# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1

# (and different from the master)

# defaults to 2 if master-host is set

# but will not function as a slave if omitted

#server-id = 2

#

# The replication master for this slave - required

#master-host = <hostname>

#

# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting

# to the master - required

#master-user = <username>

#

# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to

# the master - required

#master-password = <password>

#

# The port the master is listening on.

# optional - defaults to 3306

#master-port = <port>

#

# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended

#log-bin=mysql-bin

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables

#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data

#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend

#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data

# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %

# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high

#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M

#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M

# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size

#innodb_log_file_size = 5M

#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M

#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL

#safe-updates

default-character-set=utf8

[myisamchk]

key_buffer_size = 20M

sort_buffer_size = 20M

read_buffer = 2M

write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]

interactive-timeout

簡易版

[mysqld]
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character-set-server=utf8
port = 3306

[client]
default-character-set=utf8

3.恢復默認權限

eternity@TheEternitydeMacBook-Pro /etc % ls -l|grep cnf
-rwxrwxrwx   1 root  wheel    4886  8 17 10:09 my.cnf
eternity@TheEternitydeMacBook-Pro /etc % sudo chmod 644 my.cnf
eternity@TheEternitydeMacBook-Pro /etc % ls -l|grep cnf       
-rw-r--r--   1 root  wheel    4886  8 17 10:09 my.cnf

四.兩種啓動 mysql 的方式

1.一鍵啓動。偏好設置下一鍵啓動

①.找到 mysql 服務

②.啓動 mysql

3.啓動完成的狀態

2.命令行啓動

啓動MySQL服務
sudo mysql.server start

中止MySQL服務
sudo mysql.server stop

重啓MySQL服務
sudo mysql.server restart

查看MySQL服務狀態
sudo mysql.server status

備註：

注意：若是出現 ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found!，
或者ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/maxdeMacBook-Pro.local.pid). 
多是由於沒有/usr/local/mysql/data/文件夾讀寫權限，若是遇到該問題，
執行sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/data/*便可。

五.初始化配置及修改密碼

eternity@TheEternitydeMacBook-Pro /etc % sudo mysql.server start
Password:
Starting MySQL
.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/TheEternitydeMacBook-Pro.local.err'.
 SUCCESS! 
eternity@TheEternitydeMacBook-Pro /etc % mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 22
Server version: 5.7.31-log

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> update user set authentication_string=password('123456') where user='root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

六.使用homebrew安裝mysql及遇到的問題

• 安裝命令

  brew install mysql

• 安裝完成以後，本地命令行輸入mysql命令，發現無此命令

  commond not found

• 首先，檢查是不是安裝了

  從新執行一遍 
  brew install mysql
  命令行提示：
  Warning: mysql-5.7.10 already installed, it's just not linked

• 而後網上查找解決方法，最後解決方法是執行：

  brew link --overwrite mysql

• 可是執行，卻報錯

  Linking /usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.7.10... 
  Error: Could not symlink share/man/man8/mysqld.8
  /usr/local/share/man/man8 is not writable.

• 又在網上各類查找解決方法，最後本地實驗如下語句執行成功

  sudo chown -R 'yin' /usr/local
  注意： yin是你電腦的用戶名

• 解決了問題後，從新執行：

  brew link --overwrite mysql
  提示：
  Linking /usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.7.10... 92 symlinks created

  心想着，這下算是成功了吧。從新執行:

  mysql -u root -p

  可是又報錯：

  ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)

  依次執行：

  unset TMPDIR

  bash mysql_install_db --verbose --user=root
  --basedir="$(brew --prefix mysql)"--datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql --tmpdir=/tmp

  接下來啓動mysql
  bash mysql.server start

站在巨人肩膀上摘蘋果

http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-gkiysnzk-bu.html

http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-zildgwxg-nk.html

http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-uzzirgai-bd.html

https://www.jianshu.com/p/833f388da8e3