理論+實驗：eNSP中配置靜態路由

時間  2019-11-08
標籤 理論 實驗 ensp 配置 靜態 路由 欄目 網站開發 简体版
原文   原文鏈接

@[toc]shell

簡單介紹命令

以太網工做在數據鏈路層ide

數據的三要素：1.語法2.語義3.同步（接口速率） oop

http：//7n4.cn/或https://mac.51240.xom能夠查詢MAC地址廠商測試

display mac-address 查看mac地址表code

sysname R1 更名爲R1orm

dis version 查看系統版本blog

interface gigabitethernet0/0/1 進入g0/0/1接口接口

ip- subnet-vlan 查看接口vlan網段信息圖片

speed 10 接口速率配置爲10Mip

undo negotiation auto 關閉自動協商

dis vlan 查看vlan接口分佈表

int g0/0/0 進入g0/0/0 接口

ip add 192.168.1.1. 24 配置接口ip地址爲192.168.1.1 子網掩碼24位

undo shutdown 啓用

pre 優先級

cost 花銷值

浮動路由

即備份一條優先級比當前路由低的路由

實驗名稱：

實現三臺路由器的loop 接口互聯互通

1.配置參數已設置，接下來就開始配置
在這裏插入圖片描述
2.思路：loop接口的ip地址至關於路由器自身的一個直連網段

配置各個路由器的接口ip就開始配置相應的路由條目

1.1.1.1 去ping 2.2.2.2，有兩條路可走，分別是R1》》R2，和R1》》R3》》R2，能夠分別配置，先配置的優先級最高，後配置的最備用，等待優先級高的路由失效後就會觸發優先級低的路由，以避免由於鏈路損壞而影響數據及時傳輸

同理，1.1.1.1ping3.3.3.3 也是一樣的道理

2.2.2.2ping3.3.3.3也是

在這裏詳細解釋1.1.1.1去ping2.2.2.2的過程，剩下的觸類旁通便可

R1》》R2

對於1.1.1.1而言，2.2.2.2是R1的非直連網段，因此數據過去的話須要去給R1配置一條2.2.2.0的靜態路由，下一跳爲12.0.0.2；數據回來就是從R2返回到R1，須要給R2配置一條1.1.1.0的靜態路由，下一跳爲12.0.0.1

R1》》R3》》R2

首先，值得注意的是，數據一來一回的優先級必須在同一鏈路上，不能夠分開

R1的數據傳到R2，通過R3，須要給R1配置一條2.2.2.0的條目，下一跳爲13.0.0.3，由於這個條目是第二個配置，因此在12.0.0.0正常做用的狀況下，第二個條目不會被觸發，這裏配置這一條目，僅做備用；2.2.2.0也並非R3的直連網段，因此須要給R3配置一條2.2.2.0的靜態路由，下一跳爲23.0.0.2。數據過去了，也要回來，配置路由的思路跟過去的一致，這裏就不贅述了，開始配置

3.開啓設備，先配置ip

R1

The device is running!  '顯示設備已運行'

<Huawei>sys 'systtem-view，進入系統視圖'
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.    '反饋已進入'
[Huawei]undo info-center enable '關掉信息中心'
Info: Information center is disabled.   '反饋已關掉'
[Huawei]int g0/0/0  '進入g0/0/0接口'
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.1 24 '配置ip地址'
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]undo shutdown  '啓用'
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.   '反饋已啓用'
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1     '進入g0/0/1接口'
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 13.0.0.1 24 '配置IP地址'
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]undo shutdown  '啓用'
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q  '返回到系統視圖'
[Huawei]int LoopBack 0  '進入Loopback 0 接口'
[Huawei-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 24 '配置IP 地址'
[Huawei-LoopBack0]q '返回，不須要手動啓用'
[Huawei]dis ip int brief    '查看接口ip信息'
*down: administratively down
!down: FIB overload down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(d): Dampening Suppressed
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 8
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 8

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
Ethernet0/0/0                     unassigned           down       down      
Ethernet0/0/1                     unassigned           down       down      
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              12.0.0.1/24          up         up     '已配置，up已啓用'
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              13.0.0.1/24          up         up      '已配置，up已啓用'  
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down       down      
GigabitEthernet0/0/3              unassigned           down       down      
LoopBack0                         1.1.1.1/24           up         up(s)    '已配置，up已啓用'
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)     
Serial0/0/0                       unassigned           down       down      
Serial0/0/1                       unassigned           down       down      
Serial0/0/2                       unassigned           down       down      
Serial0/0/3                       unassigned           down       down

R2的ip配置

[Huawei]sysname R2      '改名爲R2'
[R2]
Nov  7 2019 19:37:53-08:00 R2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25.
191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 1, the ch
ange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.u       '沒有及時關掉信息中心，就會出現這個信息'
[R2]undo info-center enable     '關掉信息中心'
Info: Information center is disabled. '反饋關掉'
[R2]int g0/0/0  '進入g0/0/0接口'
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.2 24 '配IP地址'
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]undo shutdown  '啓用'
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/2 '進入g0/0/2接口'
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 23.0.0.2 24 '陪ip地址'
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]undo shutdown  '啓用'
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 is not shutdown.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q  '返回上一層'
[R2]int LoopBack 0  '進入loopback接口'
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 24 '配置ip地址'
[R2-LoopBack0]q '返回上一層'
[R2]dis ip int b    '查看接口ip信息表'
*down: administratively down
!down: FIB overload down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(d): Dampening Suppressed
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 8
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 8

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
Ethernet0/0/0                     unassigned           down       down      
Ethernet0/0/1                     unassigned           down       down      
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              12.0.0.2/24          up         up   '已配置，Up已啓用'     
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              unassigned           down       down      
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              23.0.0.2/24          up         up     '已配置，up已啓用'   
GigabitEthernet0/0/3              unassigned           down       down      
LoopBack0                         2.2.2.2/24           up         up(s)  '已配置，up已啓用'   
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)     
Serial0/0/0                       unassigned           down       down      
Serial0/0/1                       unassigned           down       down      
Serial0/0/2                       unassigned           down       down      
Serial0/0/3                       unassigned           down       down      
[R2]

R3的ip 配置

<Huawei>
<Huawei>system-view     '進入系統視圖'
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info-center enable     '關掉信息中心'
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sysname R3  '改名爲R3'
[R3]int g0/0/1  '進入g0/0/1接口'
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 13.0.0.3 24 '配置ip信息'
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]undo shutdown  '啓用'
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2 '進入g0/0/2接口'
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 23.0.0.3 24 '配置ip地址'
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]undo shutdown  '啓用'
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 is not shutdown.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q      '返回上一層'
[R3]int LoopBack 0      '進入loopback 0 接口'
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 24     '配置ip地址'
[R3-LoopBack0]q     '返回上一層'
[R3]int LoopBack 1  
[R3-LoopBack1]ip add 4.4.4.4 24
[R3-LoopBack1]q
[R3]dis ip interface brief  '查看接口ip信息表'
*down: administratively down
!down: FIB overload down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(d): Dampening Suppressed
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 5
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 8
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 5
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 8

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
Ethernet0/0/0                     unassigned           down       down      
Ethernet0/0/1                     unassigned           down       down      
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              unassigned           down       down      
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              13.0.0.3/24          up         up    '已配置，up已開啓'      
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              23.0.0.3/24          up         up  '已配置，up已開啓'      
GigabitEthernet0/0/3              unassigned           down       down      
LoopBack0                         3.3.3.3/24           up         up(s)     '已配置，uo已開啓'   
LoopBack1                         4.4.4.4/24           up         up(s)   '已配置，up已開啓'  
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)     
Serial0/0/0                       unassigned           down       down      
Serial0/0/1                       unassigned           down       down      
Serial0/0/2                       unassigned           down       down      
Serial0/0/3                       unassigned           down       down

ip配置完畢，接下來就開始配置路由，先從1.1.1.1去ping 2.2.2.2的思路去配置

R1

<Huawei>system-view     '進入系統視圖'
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R1  '更名爲R1'
[R1]
Nov  7 2019 19:45:23-08:00 R1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25.
191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 5, the ch
ange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.    '出現信息中心的信息'
Info: Information center is disabled.       '關掉信息中心'
[R1]ip route-static 2.2.2.0 24 12.0.0.2 '配置靜態路由，目標網段2.2.2.0，下一跳12.0.0.2'

R2

[R2]ip route-static 1.1.1.0 24 12.0.0.1     '配置靜態路由，目標網段1.1.1.0 下一跳爲12.0.0.1'

R1的1.1.1.1 去ping 2.2.2.2

[R1]ping -a 1.1.1.1 2.2.2.2   '-a指定源ip地址'
  PING 2.2.2.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=50 ms      '成功'
    Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=50 ms
    Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=30 ms
    Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=20 ms

  --- 2.2.2.2 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 20/34/50 ms

接下來配置備用路由，即R1》》R3》》R2

R1

[R1]ip route-static 2.2.2.0 24 13.0.0.3 '配置靜態路由'

R3

[R3]ip route-static 2.2.2.0 24 23.0.0.2 '配置靜態路由'

再往回配

R2

[R2]ip route-static 1.1.1.0 24 23.0.0.3

R3

[R3]ip route-static 1.1.1.0 24 13.0.0.1

接下來能夠把12.0.0.0/24的鏈路中斷

在這裏插入圖片描述
R1操做方法

[R1]int g0/0/0  '進入對應網段接口'
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]shutdown   '關閉'
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

這個時候再ping一波

[R1]ping -a 1.1.1.1 2.2.2.2
  PING 2.2.2.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=80 ms
    Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=60 ms
    Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=60 ms
    Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=60 ms
    Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=50 ms

  --- 2.2.2.2 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 50/62/80 ms

查看一下此時R1的路由表

[R1]dis ip routing-table    '查看路由表'
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 7        Routes : 7        

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   1.1.1.1         LoopBack0
        1.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
        2.2.2.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   13.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet    '注意這一條'
0/0/1
       13.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   13.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       13.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

恢復12.0.0.1鏈路，再次查看路由表

[R1]int g0/0/0  
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]undo shutdown 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R1]dis ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 9        Routes : 10       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   1.1.1.1         LoopBack0
        1.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
        2.2.2.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet    '注意這一條'
0/0/0
                    Static  60   0          RD   13.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       12.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   12.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       12.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       13.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   13.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       13.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

接下來就主要循序漸進把其他的以一樣的形式配置好便可

1.1.1.1 ping 3.3.3.3

R1

[R1]ip route-static 3.3.3.0 24 13.0.0.3

R3

[R3]ip route-static 1.1.1.0 24 13.0.0.1
Error: The route already exists.    '顯示以前已被配置過'

備用路由

R1

[R1]ip route-static 3.3.3.0 24 12.0.0.2

R2

[R2]ip route-static 3.3.3.0 24 23.0.0.3

R3

[R3]ip route-static 1.1.1.0 24 23.0.0.2

R2

[R2]ip route-static 1.1.1.0 24 12.0.0.1
Error: The route already exists.

2.2.2.2 ping 3.3.3.3

R2

[R2]ip route-static 3.3.3.0 24 23.0.0.3
Error: The route already exists.

R3

[R3]ip route-static 2.2.2.0 24 23.0.0.2
Error: The route already exists.

再去配置另外一條備用路由

R2》》R1》》R3

R2

[R2]ip route-static 3.3.3.0 24 12.0.0.1

R1

[R1]ip route-static 3.3.3.0 24 13.0.0.3
Error: The route already exists.

R3

[R3]ip route-static 2.2.2.0 24 13.0.0.1

R1

[R1]ip route-static 2.2.2.0 24 12.0.0.2
Error: The route already exists.

完畢

接下來1.1.1.1 ping 3.3.3.3

[R1]ping -a 1.1.1.1 3.3.3.3
  PING 3.3.3.3: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=40 ms
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=40 ms
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=50 ms
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=30 ms
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=50 ms

  --- 3.3.3.3 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 30/42/50 ms

2.2.2.2去ping 3.3.3.3

[R2]ping -a 2.2.2.2 3.3.3.3
  PING 3.3.3.3: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=40 ms
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=50 ms
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=50 ms
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=50 ms

  --- 3.3.3.3 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 20/42/50 ms

查看各個路由器的路由表

R1

[R1]dis ip routing-table    '查看路由表'
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 10       Routes : 12       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   1.1.1.1         LoopBack0
        1.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
        2.2.2.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
                    Static  60   0          RD   13.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet    '備用路由'
0/0/1
        3.3.3.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   13.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
                    Static  60   0          RD   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet    '備用路由'
0/0/0
       12.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   12.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       12.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       13.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   13.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       13.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

R2

[R2]dis ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 10       Routes : 12       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   12.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
                    Static  60   0          RD   23.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet    '備用路由'
0/0/2
        2.2.2.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   2.2.2.2         LoopBack0
        2.2.2.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
        3.3.3.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   23.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
                    Static  60   0          RD   12.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet    '備用路由'
0/0/0
       12.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       12.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       23.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       23.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

R3

[R3]dis ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 12       Routes : 14       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   13.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
                    Static  60   0          RD   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet    '備用路由'
0/0/2
        2.2.2.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
                    Static  60   0          RD   13.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet    '備用路由'
0/0/1
        3.3.3.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   3.3.3.3         LoopBack0
        3.3.3.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
        4.4.4.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   4.4.4.4         LoopBack1
        4.4.4.4/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack1
       13.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   13.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       13.0.0.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       23.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   23.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       23.0.0.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

```shell

能夠發現各少了一個網段，可是並不影響loop間的互聯互通

能夠斷掉一條鏈路，去測試備用鏈路

斷掉R1的g0/0/1

```shell
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]shutdown

再次ping一波

[R1]ping -a 1.1.1.1 2.2.2.2
  PING 2.2.2.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=80 ms
    Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=60 ms
    Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=80 ms
    Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=60 ms
    Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=60 ms

  --- 2.2.2.2 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 60/68/80 ms

[R1]ping -a 1.1.1.1 3.3.3.3
  PING 3.3.3.3: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=10 ms
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=50 ms
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=50 ms
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=40 ms
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=30 ms

  --- 3.3.3.3 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 10/36/50 ms
[R2]ping -a 2.2.2.2 3.3.3.3
  PING 3.3.3.3: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=10 ms
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=50 ms
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=40 ms
    Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=50 ms

  --- 3.3.3.3 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 10/34/50 ms

並不影響

再次查看路由表

R1

[R1]dis ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 8        Routes : 8        

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   1.1.1.1         LoopBack0
        1.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
        2.2.2.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   13.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet    '備用路由'
0/0/1
        3.3.3.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   13.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       13.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   13.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       13.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

R2

[R2]dis ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 8        Routes : 8        

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   23.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet    '備用路由'
0/0/2
        2.2.2.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   2.2.2.2         LoopBack0
        2.2.2.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
        3.3.3.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   23.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       23.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       23.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

R3

[R3]dis ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 12       Routes : 14       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   13.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
                    Static  60   0          RD   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
        2.2.2.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
                    Static  60   0          RD   13.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
        3.3.3.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   3.3.3.3         LoopBack0
        3.3.3.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
        4.4.4.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   4.4.4.4         LoopBack1
        4.4.4.4/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack1
       13.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   13.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       13.0.0.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       23.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   23.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       23.0.0.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

跟12.0.0.0相關的都改用了備用鏈路，再次印證了以前說的一個原理

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