-------------------------------------node
1、前言mysql
2、MySQL Cluster基本概念linux
3、環境sql
4、配置數據庫
1.LB-Master及LB-Backup配置vim
2.MGM配置bash
3.SQL節點(SQL1和SQL2)配置服務器
4.數據節點(NDB1和NDB2)配置socket
5、查看狀態tcp
6、測試
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1、前言
MySQL Cluster 是MySQL適合於分佈式計算環境的高實用、高冗餘版本。它採用了NDB Cluster存儲引擎,容許在1個Cluster中運行多個MySQL服務器。在MyQL5.0 及以上的二進制版本中、以及與最新的Linux版本兼容的RPM中提供了該存儲引擎。MySQL Cluster 是一種技術,該技術容許在無共享的系統中部署「內存中」數據庫的 Cluster。經過無共享體系結構,系統可以使用廉價的硬件,並且對軟硬件無特殊要求。此外,因爲每一個組件有本身的內存和磁盤,不存在單點故障。MySQL Cluster由一組計算機構成,每臺計算機上均運行着多種進程,包括MySQL服務器,NDB Cluster的數據節點,管理服務器,以及(可能)專門的數據訪問程序。
2、MySQL Cluster基本概念
NDB是一種「內存中」的存儲引擎,它具備可用性高和數據一致性好的特色。MySQL Cluster可以使用多種故障切換和負載平衡選項配置NDB存儲引擎,但在Cluster 級別上的存儲引擎上作這個最簡單。MySQL Cluster的NDB存儲引擎包含完整的數據集,僅取決於Cluster自己內的其餘數據。
目前,MySQL Cluster的Cluster部分可獨立於MySQL服務器進行配置。在MySQL Cluster中,Cluster
的每一個部分被視爲1個節點。
管理(MGM)節點:這類節點的做用是管理MySQL Cluster內的其餘節點,如提供配置數據、啓動並中止節點、運行備份等。因爲這類節點負責管理其餘節點的配置,應在啓動其餘節點以前首先啓動這類節點。MGM節點是用命令「ndb_mgmd」啓動的。
數據(NDB)節點:這類節點用於保存Cluster的數據。數據節點的數目與副本的數目相關,是片斷的倍數。例如,對於兩個副本,每一個副本有兩個片斷,那麼就有4個數據節點。不過沒有必要設置多個副本。數據節點是用命令「ndbd」啓動的。
客戶(SQL)節點:這是用來訪問Cluster數據的節點。對於MySQL Cluster,客戶端節點是使用NDB Cluster 存儲引擎的傳統MySQL服務器。一般,SQL節點是使用命令「mysqld -ndbcluster」啓動的,或將「ndbcluster」添加到「my.cnf」後使用「mysqld」啓動。
註釋:在不少狀況下,術語「節點」用於指計算機,但在討論MySQL Cluster時,它表示的是進程。在單臺計算機上能夠有任意數目的節點,爲此,咱們採用術語「Cluster主機」。
管理服務器(MGM節點)負責管理Cluster配置文件和Cluster日誌。Cluster中的每一個節點從管理服務器檢索配置數據,並請求肯定管理服務器所在位置的方式。當數據節點內出現新的事件時,節點將關於這類事件的信息傳輸到管理服務器,而後將這類信息寫入Cluster日誌。
3、環境
系統:CentOS6.4 32位 9臺
軟件包(能夠去mysql官網下載http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/cluster/):
MGM:
MySQL-Cluster-gpl-management-7.1.31-1.el6.i686.rpm
MySQL-Cluster-gpl-tools-7.1.31-1.el6.i686.rpm
SQL節點:
MySQL-Cluster-gpl-client-7.1.31-1.el6.i686.rpm
MySQL-Cluster-gpl-server-7.1.31-1.el6.i686.rpm
NDB節點:
MySQL-Cluster-gpl-storage-7.1.31-1.el6.i686.rpm
拓撲圖:
IP規劃:
4、配置(請先卸載掉與mysql有關的全部RPM包)
1.LB-Master及LB-Backup配置
(1)LB-Master及LB-Backup安裝keepalived和ipvsadm
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# yum groupinstall "Additional Development" //安裝開發工具
# yum groupinstall "Development tools"
# tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.1.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
# cd /usr/local/src/keepalived-1.2.1
# ./cnfigure
Keepalived configuration
------------------------
Keepalived version : 1.2.1
Compiler : gcc
Compiler flags : -g -O2
Extra Lib : -lpopt -lssl -lcrypto
Use IPVS Framework : No
//
配置出現錯誤
IPVS
sync
daemon support : No
Use VRRP Framework : Yes
Use Debug flags : No
解決方法:
# yum install kernel-devel ipvsadm
# ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-358.el6.i686/ /usr/src/linux
# ./cnfigure //再次配置環境
# make //編譯
# make install //安裝
# cd /usr/local/etc //keepalived默認安裝路徑
# ll
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 May 24 00:37 keepalived
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 May 24 00:29 rc.d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 May 24 00:29 sysconfig
配置以系統方式service啓動
# cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/
# cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
# mkdir /etc/keepalived
# cp /usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
# cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
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(2)LB-Master及LB-Backup的keepalived主配置文檔
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# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
#guration File for keepalived
#global define
global_defs {
router_id HaMySQL_1
}
vrrp_sync_group VGM {
group {
VI_MYSQL
}
}
vrrp_instance VI_MYSQL {
state MASTER
//LB-Backup
設置爲BACKUP
interface eth0
lvs_sync_daemon_inteface eth0
virtual_router_id 55
priority 100
//LB-Backup
設置爲90
advert_int 5
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 123456
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.2.200
/24
dev eth0
}
}
########## LVS MySQL Start ###########
virtual_server 192.168.2.200 3306 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
persistence_timeout 6
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.2.50 3306 {
weight 100
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}
real_server 192.168.2.60 3306 {
weight 100
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}
}
########## LVS MySQL END #############
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2.MGM配置
(1)安裝管理節點
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# rpm -ivh MySQL-Cluster-gpl-management-7.1.31-1.el6.i686.rpm
# rpm -ivh MySQL-Cluster-gpl-tools-7.1.31-1.el6.i686.rpm
# mkdir /etc/mysql-cluster
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(2)配置管理節點
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# vim /etc/mysql-cluster/config.ini //添加如下內容
[ndbd default]
NoOfReplicas=2
DataMemory=80M
IndexMemory=18M
# TCP/IP options:
[tcp default]
portnumber=2202
# Management process options:
[ndb_mgmd]
id
=1
hostname
=192.168.2.10
datadir=
/var/lib/mysql-cluster
# Options for data node
[ndbd]
id
=2
hostname
=192.168.2.30
datadir=
/var/lib/mysql
[ndbd]
id
=3
hostname
=192.168.2.40
datadir=
/var/lib/mysql
[mysqld]
id
=4
hostname
=192.168.2.50
[mysqld]
id
=5
hostname
=192.168.2.60
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(3)啓動管理節點
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# mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster
# ndb_mgmd -f /etc/mysql-cluster/config.ini
MySQL Cluster Management Server mysql-5.1.73 ndb-7.1.31
# netstat -tupln
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:1186 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 17629
/ndb_mgmd
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3.數據節點(NDB1和NDB2)配置
(1)安裝數據節點
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# rpm -ivh MySQL-Cluster-gpl-storage-7.1.31-1.el6.i686.rpm
# mkdir /var/lib/mysql
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(2)配置數據節點
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# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=
/var/lib/mysql
socket=
/var/lib/mysql/mysql
.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=
/var/log/mysqld
.log
pid-
file
=
/var/run/mysqld/mysqld
.pid
[mysql_cluster]
ndb-connectstring=192.168.2.10
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(3)啓動數據節點
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# ndbd --initial //NDB1
2014-05-28 00:32:17 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel connected to
'192.168.2.10:1186'
2014-05-28 00:32:17 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel allocated nodeid: 2
# ndbd --initial //NDB2
2014-05-28 00:33:08 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel connected to
'192.168.2.10:1186'
2014-05-28 00:33:08 [ndbd] INFO -- Angel allocated nodeid: 3
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4.SQL節點(SQL1和SQL2)配置
網卡及屏蔽ARP設置
在現有網卡基礎上添加一塊lo:0網卡
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# vim /etc/sysctl.conf //添加如下兩行
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1
# sysctl -p
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(1)安裝SQL節點
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# rpm -ivh MySQL-Cluster-gpl-client-7.1.31-1.el6.i686.rpm
# rpm -ivh MySQL-Cluster-gpl-server-7.1.31-1.el6.i686.rpm //如出錯,卸載與mysql有關的rpm包
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(2)配置SQL節點
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# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket=
/var/lib/mysql/mysql
.sock
ndbcluster
default-storage-engine=NDBCLUSTER
skip-name-resolve
[mysql_cluster]
ndb-connectstring=192.168.2.10
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(3)啓動SQL節點
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# service mysql start //SQL1
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
# service mysql start //SQL2,如沒法啓動,執行pkill -9 mysql再啓動
Starting MySQL SUCCESS!
# netstat -tupln |grep mysql
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3475
/mysqld
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(4)配置遠程鏈接(SQL1和SQL2配置一致)
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# mysql
mysql> grant all on *.* to
'nuo'
@
'%'
identified by
'123'
;
mysql> flush privileges;
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啓動順序必定要遵循:MGM→NDB→SQL
5、查看狀態
1.查看MGM狀態
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# ndb_mgm
-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --
ndb_mgm> show
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s)
id
=2 @192.168.2.30 (mysql-5.1.73 ndb-7.1.31, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id
=3 @192.168.2.40 (mysql-5.1.73 ndb-7.1.31, Nodegroup: 0)
[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id
=1 @192.168.2.10 (mysql-5.1.73 ndb-7.1.31)
[mysqld(API)] 2 node(s)
id
=4 @192.168.2.50 (mysql-5.1.73 ndb-7.1.31)
id
=5 @192.168.2.60 (mysql-5.1.73 ndb-7.1.31)
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2.查看LB-Master狀態
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# service keepalived start
Starting keepalived: [ OK ]
# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link
/loopback
00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1
/8
scope host lo
inet6 ::1
/128
scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN qlen 1000
link
/ether
00:0c:29:22:3d:01 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.2.20
/24
brd 192.168.2.255 scope global eth0
inet 192.168.2.200
/24
scope global secondary eth0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe22:3d01
/64
scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
# ipvsadm
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 192.168.2.200:mysql rr persistent 6
-> 192.168.2.50:mysql Route 100 0 0
-> 192.168.2.60:mysql Route 100 0 0
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3.查看LB-Backup狀態
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# service keepalived start
Starting keepalived: [ OK ]
# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link
/loopback
00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1
/8
scope host lo
inet6 ::1
/128
scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN qlen 1000
link
/ether
00:0c:29:27:e1:98 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.2.21
/24
brd 192.168.2.255 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe27:e198
/64
scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
# ipvsadm
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 192.168.2.200:mysql rr persistent 6
-> 192.168.2.50:mysql Route 100 0 0
-> 192.168.2.60:mysql Route 100 0 0
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6、測試
客戶端1(CentOS6.4 32位,IP:192.168.2.80/24)
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# yum install mysql
# mysql -h 192.168.2.200 -u nuo -p
Enter password:
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| ndbinfo |
|
test
|
+--------------------+
mysql> create database t;
mysql> use t;
mysql> create table t2(
id
int);
mysql> insert into t2 values(10);
mysql> insert into t2 values(20);
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2.LB-Master查看鏈接狀態
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# ipvsadm
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 192.168.2.200:mysql rr persistent 6
-> 192.168.2.50:mysql Route 100 1 0
-> 192.168.2.60:mysql Route 100 0 0
# ipvsadm -lcn
IPVS connection entries
pro expire state
source
virtual destination
TCP 14:48 ESTABLISHED 192.168.2.80:49993 192.168.2.200:3306 192.168.2.50:3306
TCP 00:54 NONE 192.168.2.80:0 192.168.2.200:3306 192.168.2.50:3306
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3.客戶端2(CentOS6.4 32位,IP:192.168.2.81/24)
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# yum install mysql
# mysql -h 192.168.2.200 -u nuo -p
Enter password:
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| ndbinfo |
| t |
|
test
|
+--------------------+
mysql> use t;
mysql>
select
* from t2;
+------+
|
id
|
+------+
| 20 |
| 10 |
+------+
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4.LB-Master查看鏈接狀態
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# ipvsadm -lcn
IPVS connection entries
pro expire state
source
virtual destination
TCP 00:36 NONE 192.168.2.81:0 192.168.2.200:3306 192.168.2.60:3306
TCP 14:18 ESTABLISHED 192.168.2.81:42435 192.168.2.200:3306 192.168.2.60:3306
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總結:在客戶端1上插入數據後,服務器顯示客戶端1鏈接的是SQL1(192.168.2.50),在客戶端2上進行查詢,能查詢到客戶端1輸入的數據,服務器顯示客戶端2鏈接的是SQL2(192.168.2.60),因此,數據是同步的,而且是一致性的。