elasticsearch入門 springboot2集成elasticsearch 實現全文搜索,圖文講解帶源碼

時間  2019-11-25
標籤 elasticsearch 入門 springboot2 springboot 集成 實現 全文 搜索 圖文 解帶 源碼 欄目 日誌分析 简体版
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springboot整合elasticsearch經常使用的方式有如下三種

  • 1，Java API 這種方式基於TCP和ES通訊，官方已經明確表示在ES 7.0版本中將棄用TransportClient客戶端，且在8.0版本中徹底移除它,因此不提倡。
  • 2，REST Client 上面的方式1是基於TCP和ES通訊的(並且TransPort未來會被拋棄……)，官方也給出了基於HTTP的客戶端REST Client(推薦使用)，官方給出來的REST Client有Java Low Level REST Client和Java Hight Level REST Client兩個，前者兼容全部版本的ES，後者是基於前者開發出來的，只暴露了部分API，待完善
  • 3，spring-data-elasticsearch 除了上述方式，Spring也提供了自己基於SpringData實現的一套方案spring-data-elasticsearch

咱們今天就來爲你們講解spring-data-elasticsearch這種方式來集成es。爲什們推薦這種呢，由於這種方式spring爲咱們封裝了常見的es操做。和使用jpa操做數據庫同樣方便。用過jpa的同窗必定知道。html

  • jpa只須要簡單繼承JpaRepository就能夠實現對數據庫表的crud操做
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<UserBean, Long> {}
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  • spring-data-elasticsearch一樣，只要繼承ElasticsearchRepository就能夠實現常見的es操做了。
public interface UserESRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<UserBean, Long> {}
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下面咱們就來說解下springboot2繼承 spring-data-elasticsearch的具體步驟。

springboot版本 Elasticsearch版本
2.1.3.RELEASE 6.4.3

一，首先是建立springboot項目

image.png
image.png

image.png
如上圖箭頭所指，springboot版本選2.1.3，而後添加web和elasticsearch倉庫

  • 建立項目完成後，咱們完整的pom.xml文件以下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.qcl</groupId>
    <artifactId>es</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1</version>
    <name>es</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>
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spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch:就是咱們所須要集成的es。java

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
        </dependency>
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二，下載elasticsearch本地版本

這裏下載本地elasticsearch，其實和咱們下載本地mysql是同樣的，你要用elasticsearch確定要下載一個本地版本用來存儲查詢數據啊。 下面來簡單的講解下elasticsearch版本的下載步驟node

  • 1，到官網 www.elastic.co/downloads/ mysql

    image.png
    選擇箭頭所指，點擊download
    image.png
    選擇你所對應的系統，這裏要注意，雖然官方最新版本是6.6.2，咱們springboot項目裏使用的是6.4.3版本。這個沒有關係的，官方版本是向下兼容的。

  • 2，下載成功後解壓，並進入到config文件夾下 web

    image.png
    進入config文件夾後，找到elasticsearch.yml
    image.png
    而後用下面這個文件替換elasticsearch.yml裏面的內容

# ======================== Elasticsearch Configuration =========================
#
# NOTE: Elasticsearch comes with reasonable defaults for most settings.
# Before you set out to tweak and tune the configuration, make sure you
# understand what are you trying to accomplish and the consequences.
#
# The primary way of configuring a node is via this file. This template lists
# the most important settings you may want to configure for a production cluster.
#
# Please consult the documentation for further information on configuration options:
# https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/index.html
#
# ---------------------------------- Cluster -----------------------------------
#
# Use a descriptive name for your cluster:
#
cluster.name: my-application
#
# ------------------------------------ Node ------------------------------------
#
# Use a descriptive name for the node:
#
node.name: node-1
#
# Add custom attributes to the node:
#
#node.attr.rack: r1
#
# ----------------------------------- Paths ------------------------------------
#
# Path to directory where to store the data (separate multiple locations by comma):
#
#path.data: /path/to/data
#
# Path to log files:
#
#path.logs: /path/to/logs
#
# ----------------------------------- Memory -----------------------------------
#
# Lock the memory on startup:
#
#bootstrap.memory_lock: true
#
# Make sure that the heap size is set to about half the memory available
# on the system and that the owner of the process is allowed to use this
# limit.
#
# Elasticsearch performs poorly when the system is swapping the memory.
#
# ---------------------------------- Network -----------------------------------
#
# Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6):
#
network.host: 0.0.0.0
#
# Set a custom port for HTTP:
#
http.port: 9200
#
# For more information, consult the network module documentation.
#
# --------------------------------- Discovery ----------------------------------
#
# Pass an initial list of hosts to perform discovery when new node is started:
# The default list of hosts is ["127.0.0.1", "[::1]"]
#
#discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["host1", "host2"]
#
# Prevent the "split brain" by configuring the majority of nodes (total number of master-eligible nodes / 2 + 1):
#
#discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 
#
# For more information, consult the zen discovery module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Gateway -----------------------------------
#
# Block initial recovery after a full cluster restart until N nodes are started:
#
#gateway.recover_after_nodes: 3
#
# For more information, consult the gateway module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Various -----------------------------------
#
# Require explicit names when deleting indices:
#
#action.destructive_requires_name: true

#qcl本身加的
http.cors.enabled: true 
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"
node.master: true
node.data: true
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這裏的cluster.name: my-application就表明咱們的es的名稱叫my-applicationspring

  • 3，啓動es 進入到bin文件
    image.png
    image.png
    點擊elasticsearch腳本，便可啓動es，腳本運行完，在瀏覽器中輸入http://localhost:9200/ 若是出現下面信息，就表明es啓動成功。
    image.png

三，配置es

在建立的springboot項目下的application.yml作以下配置 sql

image.png 

#url相關配置，這裏配置url的基本url
server:
  port: 8080
spring:
  ## Elasticsearch配置文件（必須）
  ## 該配置和Elasticsearch本地文件config下的elasticsearch.yml中的配置信息有關
  data:
    elasticsearch:
      cluster-name: my-application
      cluster-nodes: 127.0.0.1:9300
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四，添加數據到es，並實現搜索

  • 1，建立bean 咱們像jpa那樣，建立es本身的bean，以下
package com.qcl.es;

import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Field;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.FieldType;


/**
 * Created by qcl on 2018/7/10.
 * ES相關
 */
@Document(indexName = "user", type = "docs", shards = 1, replicas = 0)
public class UserES {

    //主鍵自增加
    @Id
    private Long id;//主鍵

    @Field(type = FieldType.Text, analyzer = "ik_max_word")
    private String userName;
    private String userPhone;


    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getUserPhone() {
        return userPhone;
    }

    public void setUserPhone(String userPhone) {
        this.userPhone = userPhone;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "UserES{" +
                "userId=" + id +
                ", userName='" + userName + '\'' + ", userPhone='" + userPhone + '\'' + '}'; } } 複製代碼
  • 2,建立操做數據的Repository
package com.qcl.es;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repository.ElasticsearchRepository;

/**
 * Created by qcl on 2019-03-23
 * 微信：2501902696
 * desc:
 */
public interface UserESRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<UserES, Long> {}
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  • 3，建立controller
package com.qcl.es;

import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.query.NativeSearchQueryBuilder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * Created by qcl on 2019-03-23
 * 微信：2501902696
 * desc:
 */
@RestController
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private UserESRepository repositoryES;

    @GetMapping("/create")
    public String create(
            @RequestParam("id") Long id,
            @RequestParam("userName") String userName,
            @RequestParam("userPhone") String userPhone) {
        UserES userES = new UserES();
        userES.setId(id);
        userES.setUserName(userName);
        userES.setUserPhone(userPhone);
        return repositoryES.save(userES).toString();
    }

    private String names;

    @GetMapping("/get")
    public String get() {
        names = "";
        Iterable<UserES> userES = repositoryES.findAll();
        userES.forEach(userES1 -> {
            names += userES1.toString() + "\n";
        });
        return names;
    }

    private String searchs = "";

    @GetMapping("/search")
    public String search(@RequestParam("searchKey") String searchKey) {
        searchs = "";
        // 構建查詢條件
        NativeSearchQueryBuilder queryBuilder = new NativeSearchQueryBuilder();
        // 添加基本分詞查詢
        queryBuilder.withQuery(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("userName", searchKey));
        // 搜索，獲取結果
        Page<UserES> items = repositoryES.search(queryBuilder.build());
        // 總條數
        long total = items.getTotalElements();
        searchs += "總共數據數：" + total + "\n";
        items.forEach(userES -> {
            searchs += userES.toString() + "\n";
        });
        return searchs;
    }
}
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啓動springboot項目 數據庫

image.png

咱們簡單的實現了apache

  • 往es裏插入數據
  • 查詢全部數據
  • 根據搜索key，搜索信息

驗證

  • 插入一個userName='李四'&userPhone='272501902696'的數據 http://localhost:8080/create?id=5&userName='李四'&userPhone='272501902696' bootstrap

    image.png

  • 查詢上面的數據是否插入成功，能夠看到李四這條數據已經成功插入。

    image.png

  • 搜索 userName包含'四'的信息，能夠看到，成功感搜索到一條

    image.png

  • 搜索 userName包含'石'的信息，能夠看到，成功感搜索到4條

    image.png
    到此咱們就實現了springboot集成es的功能。後面咱們再作複雜搜索就基於這個基礎上作對應的操做便可。

若是你有springboot相關的問題能夠加我微信交流 2501902696（備註java）

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