一、 首先,下載mongoDB對Java支持的驅動包 html
驅動包下載地址:https://github.com/mongodb/mongo-java-driver/downloadsjava
mongoDB對Java的相關支持、技術:http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/Java+Language+Centergit
驅動源碼下載:https://download.github.com/mongodb-mongo-java-driver-r2.6.1-7-g6037357.zipgithub
在線查看源碼:https://github.com/mongodb/mongo-java-drivermongodb
二、 下面創建一個JavaProject工程,導入下載下來的驅動包。便可在Java中使用mongoDB,目錄以下: 數據庫
在本示例以前你須要啓動mongod.exe的服務,啓動後,下面的程序才能順利執行; app
一、 創建SimpleTest.java,完成簡單的mongoDB數據庫操做 ide
Mongo mongo = new Mongo(); spa
這樣就建立了一個MongoDB的數據庫鏈接對象,它默認鏈接到當前機器的localhost地址,端口是27017。 .net
DB db = mongo.getDB(「test」);
這樣就得到了一個test的數據庫,若是mongoDB中沒有建立這個數據庫也是能夠正常運行的。若是你讀過上一篇文章就知道,mongoDB能夠在沒有建立這個數據庫的狀況下,完成數據的添加操做。當添加的時候,沒有這個庫,mongoDB會自動建立當前數據庫。
獲得了db,下一步咱們要獲取一個「彙集集合DBCollection」,經過db對象的getCollection方法來完成。
DBCollection users = db.getCollection("users");
這樣就得到了一個DBCollection,它至關於咱們數據庫的「表」。
查詢全部數據
DBCursor cur = users.find();
while (cur.hasNext()) {
System.out.println(cur.next());
}
1 import java.net.UnknownHostException; 2 3 import com.mongodb.DB; 4 import com.mongodb.DBCollection; 5 import com.mongodb.DBCursor; 6 import com.mongodb.Mongo; 7 import com.mongodb.MongoException; 8 import com.mongodb.util.JSON; 9 public class SimpleTest { 10 public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, MongoException { 11 Mongo mg = new Mongo(); //查詢全部的Database 12 for (String name : mg.getDatabaseNames()) { 13 System.out.println("dbName: " + name); 14 } 15 DB db = mg.getDB("test"); //查詢全部的彙集集合 16 for (String name : db.getCollectionNames()) { 17 System.out.println("collectionName: " + name); 18 } 19 DBCollection users = db.getCollection("users"); //查詢全部的數據 20 DBCursor cur = users.find(); 21 while (cur.hasNext()) { 22 System.out.println(cur.next()); 23 } 24 System.out.println(cur.count()); 25 System.out.println(cur.getCursorId()); 26 System.out.println(JSON.serialize(cur)); 27 } 28 }
二、 完成CRUD操做,CRUD是指在作計算處理時的增長(Create)、讀取(Retrieve)(從新獲得數據)、更新(Update)和刪除(Delete)幾個單詞的首字母簡寫。創建一個MongoDB4CRUDTest.java
1 import java.net.UnknownHostException; 2 import java.util.ArrayList; 3 import java.util.List; 4 import org.bson.types.ObjectId; 5 import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject; 6 import com.mongodb.Bytes; 7 import com.mongodb.DB; 8 import com.mongodb.DBCollection; 9 import com.mongodb.DBCursor; 10 import com.mongodb.DBObject; 11 import com.mongodb.Mongo; 12 import com.mongodb.MongoException; 13 import com.mongodb.QueryOperators; 14 import com.mongodb.util.JSON; 15 16 public class MongoDB4CRUDTest { 17 private Mongo mg = null; 18 private DB db; 19 private DBCollection users; 20 21 public void init() { 22 try { 23 mg = new Mongo(); 24 //mg = new Mongo("localhost", 27017); 25 } 26 catch (UnknownHostException e) { 27 e.printStackTrace(); 28 } catch (MongoException e) 29 { 30 e.printStackTrace(); 31 } 32 //獲取temp DB;若是默認沒有建立,mongodb會自動建立 33 db = mg.getDB("temp"); 34 //獲取users DBCollection;若是默認沒有建立,mongodb會自動建立 35 users = db.getCollection("users"); 36 } 37 38 public void destory() { 39 if (mg != null) 40 mg.close(); 41 mg = null; 42 db = null; 43 users = null; 44 System.gc(); 45 } 46 public void print(Object o) { 47 System.out.println(o); 48 } 49 50 /** 51 52 * <b>function:</b> 查詢全部數據 53 54 */ 55 56 private void queryAll() { 57 58 print("查詢users的全部數據:"); 59 60 //db遊標 61 62 DBCursor cur = users.find(); 63 64 while (cur.hasNext()) { 65 66 print(cur.next()); 67 68 } 69 70 } 71 72 73 public void add() { 74 75 //先查詢全部數據 76 77 queryAll(); 78 79 print("count: " + users.count()); 80 81 DBObject user = new BasicDBObject(); 82 83 user.put("name", "hoojo"); 84 85 user.put("age", 24); 86 87 //users.save(user)保存,getN()獲取影響行數 88 89 //print(users.save(user).getN()); 90 91 92 //擴展字段,隨意添加字段,不影響現有數據 93 94 user.put("sex", "男"); 95 96 print(users.save(user).getN()); 97 98 //添加多條數據,傳遞Array對象 99 100 print(users.insert(user, new BasicDBObject("name", "tom")).getN()); 101 102 //添加List集合 103 104 List<DBObject> list = new ArrayList<DBObject>(); 105 106 list.add(user); 107 108 DBObject user2 = new BasicDBObject("name", "lucy"); 109 110 user.put("age", 22); 111 112 list.add(user2); 113 114 //添加List集合 115 116 print(users.insert(list).getN()); 117 118 //查詢下數據,看看是否添加成功 119 120 print("count: " + users.count()); 121 122 queryAll(); 123 124 } 125 126 127 //刪除數據 128 129 public void remove() { 130 131 queryAll(); 132 133 print("刪除id = 4de73f7acd812d61b4626a77:" + users.remove(new BasicDBObject("_id", new ObjectId("4de73f7acd812d61b4626a77"))).getN()); 134 135 print("remove age >= 24: " + users.remove(new BasicDBObject("age", new BasicDBObject("$gte", 24))).getN()); 136 137 } 138 139 140 //修改數據 141 142 public void modify() { 143 144 print("修改:" + users.update(new BasicDBObject("_id", new ObjectId("4dde25d06be7c53ffbd70906")), new BasicDBObject("age", 99)).getN()); 145 146 print("修改:" + users.update( 147 148 new BasicDBObject("_id", new ObjectId("4dde2b06feb038463ff09042")), 149 150 new BasicDBObject("age", 121), 151 152 true,//若是數據庫不存在,是否添加 153 154 false//多條修改 155 156 ).getN()); 157 158 print("修改:" + users.update( 159 160 new BasicDBObject("name", "haha"), 161 162 new BasicDBObject("name", "dingding"), 163 164 true,//若是數據庫不存在,是否添加 165 166 true//false只修改第一天,true若是有多條就不修改 167 168 ).getN()); 169 170 //當數據庫不存在就不修改、不添加數據,當多條數據就不修改 171 172 //print("修改多條:" + coll.updateMulti(new BasicDBObject("_id", new ObjectId("4dde23616be7c19df07db42c")), new BasicDBObject("name", "199"))); 173 174 } 175 176 public void query() { 177 178 //查詢全部 179 180 //queryAll(); 181 182 183 //查詢id = 4de73f7acd812d61b4626a77 184 185 print("find id = 4de73f7acd812d61b4626a77: " + users.find(new BasicDBObject("_id", new ObjectId("4de73f7acd812d61b4626a77"))).toArray()); 186 187 //查詢age = 24 188 189 print("find age = 24: " + users.find(new BasicDBObject("age", 24)).toArray()); 190 191 //查詢age >= 24 192 193 print("find age >= 24: " + users.find(new BasicDBObject("age", new BasicDBObject("$gte", 24))).toArray()); 194 195 print("find age <= 24: " + users.find(new BasicDBObject("age", new BasicDBObject("$lte", 24))).toArray()); 196 197 print("查詢age!=25:" + users.find(new BasicDBObject("age", new BasicDBObject("$ne", 25))).toArray()); 198 199 print("查詢age in 25/26/27:" + users.find(new BasicDBObject("age", new BasicDBObject(QueryOperators.IN, new int[] { 25, 26, 27 }))).toArray()); 200 201 print("查詢age not in 25/26/27:" + users.find(new BasicDBObject("age", new BasicDBObject(QueryOperators.NIN, new int[] { 25, 26, 27 }))).toArray()); 202 203 print("查詢age exists 排序:" + users.find(new BasicDBObject("age", new BasicDBObject(QueryOperators.EXISTS, true))).toArray()); 204 205 print("只查詢age屬性:" + users.find(null, new BasicDBObject("age", true)).toArray()); 206 207 print("只查屬性:" + users.find(null, new BasicDBObject("age", true), 0, 2).toArray()); 208 209 print("只查屬性:" + users.find(null, new BasicDBObject("age", true), 0, 2, Bytes.QUERYOPTION_NOTIMEOUT).toArray()); 210 211 //只查詢一條數據,多條去第一條 212 213 print("findOne: " + users.findOne()); 214 215 print("findOne: " + users.findOne(new BasicDBObject("age", 26))); 216 217 print("findOne: " + users.findOne(new BasicDBObject("age", 26), new BasicDBObject("name", true))); 218 219 //查詢修改、刪除 220 221 print("findAndRemove 查詢age=25的數據,而且刪除: " + users.findAndRemove(new BasicDBObject("age", 25))); 222 223 224 //查詢age=26的數據,而且修改name的值爲Abc 225 226 print("findAndModify: " + users.findAndModify(new BasicDBObject("age", 26), new BasicDBObject("name", "Abc"))); 227 228 print("findAndModify: " + users.findAndModify( 229 230 new BasicDBObject("age", 28), //查詢age=28的數據 231 232 new BasicDBObject("name", true), //查詢name屬性 233 234 new BasicDBObject("age", true), //按照age排序 235 236 false, //是否刪除,true表示刪除 237 238 new BasicDBObject("name", "Abc"), //修改的值,將name修改爲Abc 239 240 true, 241 242 true)); 243 244 245 queryAll(); 246 247 } 248 //mongoDB不支持聯合查詢、子查詢,這須要咱們本身在程序中完成。將查詢的結果集在Java查詢中進行須要的過濾便可。 249 250 //其餘操做 251 252 public void testOthers() { 253 254 DBObject user = new BasicDBObject(); 255 256 user.put("name", "hoojo"); 257 258 user.put("age", 24); 259 260 //JSON 對象轉換 261 262 print("serialize: " + JSON.serialize(user)); 263 264 //反序列化 265 266 print("parse: " + JSON.parse("{ \"name\" : \"hoojo\" , \"age\" : 24}")); 267 268 print("判斷temp Collection是否存在: " + db.collectionExists("temp")); 269 270 //若是不存在就建立 271 272 if (!db.collectionExists("temp")) { 273 274 DBObject options = new BasicDBObject(); 275 276 options.put("size", 20); 277 278 options.put("capped", 20); 279 280 options.put("max", 20); 281 282 print(db.createCollection("account", options)); 283 284 } 285 286 //設置db爲只讀 287 288 db.setReadOnly(true); 289 290 //只讀不能寫入數據 291 292 db.getCollection("test").save(user); 293 294 } 295 296 }