筆記 RIP

時間 2019-12-24

標籤筆記 rip 简体版

原文原文鏈接

交換
路由
 -路由器
-多層交換機
  -核心工做表：
      路由表
         -路由條目
              類型   prefix/mask   [AD/Metric] via next-hop , interface 
             Conneted
              Static
              RIP

路由類型：
直連路由
非直連
   靜態
   動態
     IGP：Internal gateway protocol ,內部網關協議
        目的： 
            在內網，快速，計算出一個去往目標網絡的，無環，最短，
            數據轉發路徑；
        DV-distance vector ，距離矢量路由協議
           RIP 
           IGRP
           EIGRP
        LS-link state ，鏈路狀態路由協議
           ISIS
           OSPF
     EGP: external gateway protocol ,外部網關協議
        目的： 
           在網絡之間，經過BGP實現路由的靈活控制和選路，同時確保
           無環；
           BGP

RIP 協議配置命令：

 一、配置終端設備 - PC1/2 

   二、配置網絡設備
  R1/R2/R3/R4
    router rip  // 啓用路由協議 RIP 
       version 2  // 配置路由器使用 RIP 版本2
       no auto-summary // 關閉 RIP 協議的自動彙總
       network 192.168.10.0 
       network 192.168.12.0  // 以上兩個network表示的是
                                宣告網絡 192.168.10.0
                                         192.168.12.0 進入 RIP 協議；                                    

 三、驗證、測試、保存
    show ip protocols //顯示當前設備上正在使用的全部路由協議

    show ip route // 顯示路由表

    PC1/2:
       ping 192.168.20.1 

    R1/R2/R3/R4 : 
       Route#write

在IGP協議中， network 的做用：
# network  10.0.0.0 ， 10.0.0.0 表示的是一個「網絡範圍」
      &在設備上凡是被 10.0.0.0 表示的範圍所覆蓋住的接口，都啓用
       路由協議進程：
           一、能夠在該端口上發送協議報文；
           二、能夠在該端口上接收協議報文；
           三、能夠將該端口上的IP地址中的網絡部分，放入協議報文中；

    interface gi0/1 -> 192.168.34.4 255.255.255.0
    interface gi0/2 -> 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0
    interface loopback 0 -> 10.10.4.4 255.255.255.0
            #發包
            #收包
            #10.10.4.0/24 --> RIP --> 發出去；
router rip 
   network 10.10.4.0 255.255.255.0

==================================================================數據庫

RIP
  -定義：
    routing information protocol , 路由信息協議
    在內網的多個路由器之間自動的學習、同步路由表，
    以計算出一個去往目標網絡的最短、無環、數據轉發路徑；
 -場景：
    通常在小規模的企業內部網絡使用
    (由於RIP有最大跳數限制，最大爲 16 跳)
 -版本： 
    version 1
         #屬於有類路由選擇協議(報文不攜帶子網掩碼)
         #廣播的發送方式 - 255.255.255.255
         #沒法關閉自動彙總
    version 2 
         #屬於無類路由選擇協議(報文攜帶子網掩碼)      
         #組播的發送方式 - 224.0.0.9
         #多了一個路由標記(tag)字段，能夠實現路由的批量管理；
         #多了一個認證功能(使用的是RIP respone報文的第一個路由條目來充當)
         #多了一個 mask 字段，從而能夠支持關閉自動彙總；
         #多了一個 next-hop 字段，從而能夠解決「MA網絡中的」次優路徑問題；

-報文：
    request:請求，用於向其餘RIP路由器請求更新條目；
    respone:響應，用於向其餘RIP路由器發送更新條目；是對request的迴應
-工做表：
    (RIP鄰居表)：
           #凡是能與本身互通的路由器，都稱之爲 RIP 鄰居；
    RIP數據庫:
           #本地宣告的路由條目
           #從其餘路由器學習過來的路由條目
    RIP路由表：
           #表示的是從數據庫中挑選出來的最好的路由；        
 -原理：
    一、路由器啓用RIP之後，會將本身本地路由表中的條目進行宣告進入到RIP
    二、在啓動RIP協議的端口上發送這些更新條目；
    三、對方RIP路由器接收之後，通過路由比較，將最好的條目放入路由表；
    四、全部的RIP路由器都會進行週期性、所有路由表更新，以廣播的方式；
        （在RIPv2中，是觸發式、增量更新，而且是以組播的方式）       
  -配置
   目前網絡中凡是使用 RIP 的網絡，均使用的 RIPv2 ；
#思科
router rip 
   version 2
   no auto-summary 
   network x.x.x.x (x.x.x.x必須是主類網絡的形式)
#華爲
[Router]rip [id] // 若是不寫後面的id，默認是1；
[Router-rip-1]version 2 // 在華爲中，啓用RIPv2之後，默認關閉了自動彙總；
[Router-rip-1]network x.x.x.x 
  -驗證 
   show ip protocols //查看目前正在運行的全部的路由協議；
   show ip rip database // 查看RIP的數據庫
   show ip route rip //僅僅查看路由表中的 RIP 路由；
   show ip route      //查看路由表；

   display rip [id]
   display rip {id} neighbor // 查看 rip id 的 鄰居表；
   display rip {id} database // 查看 rip id 的 數據庫；
   display rip {id} route // 查看 rip id 的路由表；
   display ip routing-table

案例：

1 案例1：RIP路由協議原理
 1.1 問題
1）動態路由協議的分類有哪些？

2）RIP路由協議的最大跳數是什麼？

  3）簡述水平分割的做用

   1.2 步驟
實現此案例須要按照以下步驟進行。

 內部和外部網關協議
內部網關路由協議（IGP）：RIP、OSPF、IS-IS
外部網關路由協議（EGP）：BGP
距離矢量和鏈路狀態路由協議
距離矢量路由協議：依據從源網絡到目標網絡所通過的路由器的個數選擇路由，例如RIP、IGRP

 鏈路狀態路由協議：綜合考慮從源網絡到目標網絡的各條路徑的狀況選擇路由，例如OSPF、IS-IS

從一個接口學習到路由信息，再也不從這個接口發送出去
  同時也能減小路由更新信息佔用的鏈路帶寬資源
   2 案例2：配置RIP路由協議
  2.1 問題
 1）配置RIP協議實現網絡互通

 2）查看路由表，驗證網絡和RIP協議正常

2.2 方案
使用eNSP搭建實驗環境，如圖-1所示。

2.3 步驟
實現此案例須要按照以下步驟進行。

  步驟一：配置RIP路由協議

[R1]dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
sysname R1
#
snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
snmp-agent
#
clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load portalpage.zip
#
drop illegal-mac alarm
#
set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa
authentication-scheme default
authorization-scheme default
accounting-scheme default
domain default
domain default_admin
local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<08bmE3Uw}%$%$ local-user admin service-type http # firewall zone Local priority 15 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 ip address 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ip address 192.168.13.1 255.255.255.0 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 # interface NULL0 # interface LoopBack0 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 # rip 1 network 192.168.12.0 network 192.168.13.0 network 192.168.10.0 # user-interface con 0 authentication-mode password user-interface vty 0 4 user-interface vty 16 20 # wlan ac # return [R2]dis cu [V200R003C00] # sysname R2 # snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000 snmp-agent # clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00 # portal local-server load portalpage.zip # drop illegal-mac alarm # set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75 # aaa authentication-scheme default authorization-scheme default accounting-scheme default domain default domain default_admin local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<08bmE3Uw}%$%$
local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 192.168.12.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 192.168.24.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 192.168.23.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
#
rip 1
network 192.168.12.0
network 192.168.23.0
network 192.168.24.0
network 192.168.20.0
#
user-interface con 0
authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return
[R3]dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
sysname R3
#
snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
snmp-agent
#
clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load portalpage.zip
#
drop illegal-mac alarm
#
set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa
authentication-scheme default
authorization-scheme default
accounting-scheme default
domain default
domain default_admin
local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<08bmE3Uw}%$%$ local-user admin service-type http # firewall zone Local priority 15 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ip address 192.168.13.3 255.255.255.0 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ip address 192.168.23.3 255.255.255.0 # interface NULL0 # interface LoopBack0 ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0 # rip 1 network 192.168.13.0 network 192.168.23.0 network 192.168.30.0 # user-interface con 0 authentication-mode password user-interface vty 0 4 user-interface vty 16 20 # wlan ac # return [R4]dis cu [V200R003C00] # sysname R4 # snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000 snmp-agent # clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00 # portal local-server load portalpage.zip # drop illegal-mac alarm # set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75 # aaa authentication-scheme default authorization-scheme default accounting-scheme default domain default domain default_admin local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<08bmE3Uw}%$%$
local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 192.168.24.4 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0
#
rip 1
network 192.168.24.0
network 192.168.40.0
#
user-interface con 0
authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return
步驟二：查看路由表，驗證全網互通網絡

[R1]dis ip ro
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 18 Routes : 19
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.10.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.10.1 LoopBack0
192.168.10.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.10.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.12.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.12.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.12.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.13.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.13.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.13.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.13.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.20.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.12.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.23.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.12.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
RIP 100 1 D 192.168.13.3 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.24.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.12.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.30.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.13.3 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.40.0/24 RIP 100 2 D 192.168.12.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
[R2]dis ip ro
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 20 Routes : 21
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.10.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.12.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.12.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.12.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.12.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.13.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.12.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
RIP 100 1 D 192.168.23.3 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
192.168.20.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.20.1 LoopBack0
192.168.20.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.20.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.23.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.23.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
192.168.23.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
192.168.23.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
192.168.24.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.24.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.24.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.24.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.30.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.23.3 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
192.168.40.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.24.4 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
[R3]dis ip ro
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 18 Routes : 19
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.10.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.13.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.12.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.13.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
RIP 100 1 D 192.168.23.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
192.168.13.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.13.3 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.13.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.13.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.20.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.23.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
192.168.23.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.23.3 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
192.168.23.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
192.168.23.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
192.168.24.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.23.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
192.168.30.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.30.1 LoopBack0
192.168.30.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.30.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.40.0/24 RIP 100 2 D 192.168.23.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
[R4]dis ip ro
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 16 Routes : 16
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.10.0/24 RIP 100 2 D 192.168.24.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.12.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.24.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.13.0/24 RIP 100 2 D 192.168.24.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.20.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.24.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.23.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.24.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.24.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.24.4 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.24.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.24.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.30.0/24 RIP 100 2 D 192.168.24.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.40.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.40.1 LoopBack0
192.168.40.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.40.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
3 案例3：驗證RIP v1和v2
3.1 問題
分別配置RIP v1和v2
查看路由表，驗證網絡通訊是否正常
3.2 方案
使用eNSP搭建實驗環境，如圖-2所示。less

3.3 步驟
實現此案例須要按照以下步驟進行。dom

步驟一：配置RIP v1ide

[R1]dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
snmp-agent
#
clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load portalpage.zip
#
drop illegal-mac alarm
#
set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa
authentication-scheme default
authorization-scheme default
accounting-scheme default
domain default
domain default_admin
local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<08bmE3Uw}%$%$ local-user admin service-type http # firewall zone Local priority 15 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 # interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 # interface NULL0 # interface LoopBack0 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 # rip 1 network 192.168.1.0 network 10.0.0.0 # user-interface con 0 authentication-mode password user-interface vty 0 4 user-interface vty 16 20 # wlan ac # return [R2]dis cu [V200R003C00] # snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000 snmp-agent # clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00 # portal local-server load portalpage.zip # drop illegal-mac alarm # set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75 # aaa authentication-scheme default authorization-scheme default accounting-scheme default domain default domain default_admin local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<08bmE3Uw}%$%$
local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
rip 1
network 192.168.1.0
network 192.168.2.0
#
user-interface con 0
authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return
[R3]dis cu
[V200R003C00]
#
snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000
snmp-agent
#
clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00
#
portal local-server load portalpage.zip
#
drop illegal-mac alarm
#
set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75
#
aaa
authentication-scheme default
authorization-scheme default
accounting-scheme default
domain default
domain default_admin
local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
local-user admin service-type http
#
firewall zone Local
priority 15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 192.168.2.3 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
interface NULL0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
#
rip 1
network 192.168.2.0
network 10.0.0.0
#
user-interface con 0
authentication-mode password
user-interface vty 0 4
user-interface vty 16 20
#
wlan ac
#
return
2）查看路由表，驗證網絡通訊是否正常oop

[R1]dis ip ro
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 11 Routes : 11
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.1.1 LoopBack0
10.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.2.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
[R2] dis ip ro
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 11 Routes : 12
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.0.0.0/8 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
RIP 100 1 D 192.168.2.3 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.2.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.2.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
[R3]dis ip ro
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 11 Routes : 11
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.1.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.2.1 LoopBack0
10.1.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.1.2.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.1.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.2.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.2.3 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.2.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.2.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
在R1上ping不通10.1.2.1。學習

步驟二：配置RIP v2測試

[R1]rip
[R1-rip-1]version 2
R二、R3均作一樣配置。ui

2）查看路由表，驗證網絡通訊是否正常spa

[R1]dis ip ro
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.1.1 LoopBack0
10.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.1.2.0/24 RIP 100 2 D 192.168.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.2.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
[R2]dis ip ro
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
10.1.2.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.2.3 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
192.168.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.2.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.2.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
[R3]dis ip ro
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.1.1.0/24 RIP 100 2 D 192.168.2.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
10.1.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.2.1 LoopBack0
10.1.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.1.2.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.1.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 192.168.2.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.2.3 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.2.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.2.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
在R1上能夠ping通10.1.2.1。

4 案例4：Cisco路由器配置RIP v1和v2
4.1 問題
1）分別配置RIP v1和v2

2）查看路由表，驗證網絡通訊是否正常

4.2 方案
使用Cisco Packet Tracer 搭建實驗環境，如圖-3所示。

4.3 步驟
實現此案例須要按照以下步驟進行。

步驟一：配置RIP v1

R1#sh run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 669 bytes
!
version 12.4
no service timestamps log datetime msec
no service timestamps debug datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R1
!
ip cef
no ipv6 cef
!
spanning-tree mode pvst
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
no ip address
duplex auto
speed auto
shutdown
!
interface Vlan1
no ip address
shutdown
!
router rip
network 10.0.0.0
network 192.168.1.0
!
ip classless
!
ip flow-export version 9
!
line con 0
!
line aux 0
!
line vty 0 4
login
!
end
R2#sh run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 628 bytes
!
version 12.4
no service timestamps log datetime msec
no service timestamps debug datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R2
!
ip cef
no ipv6 cef
!
spanning-tree mode pvst
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Vlan1
no ip address
shutdown
!
router rip
network 192.168.1.0
network 192.168.2.0
!
ip classless
!
ip flow-export version 9
!
line con 0
!
line aux 0
!
line vty 0 4
login
!
end
R3#sh run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 669 bytes
!
version 12.4
no service timestamps log datetime msec
no service timestamps debug datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R3
!
ip cef
no ipv6 cef
!
spanning-tree mode pvst
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
duplex auto
speed auto
shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 192.168.2.3 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Vlan1
no ip address
shutdown
!
router rip
network 10.0.0.0
network 192.168.2.0
!
ip classless
!
ip flow-export version 9
!
line con 0
!
line aux 0
!
line vty 0 4
login
!
end
2）查看路由表，驗證網絡通訊是否正常

R1#sh ip ro
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

- candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
  P - periodic downloaded static route
  Gateway of last resort is not set
  10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
  C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
  C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
  R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:19, FastEthernet0/0
  R2#sh ip ro
  Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
  D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
  N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
  E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
  i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
- candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
  P - periodic downloaded static route
  Gateway of last resort is not set
  R 10.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 192.168.1.1, 00:00:20, FastEthernet0/0
  [120/1] via 192.168.2.3, 00:00:09, FastEthernet0/1
  C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
  C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
  R3#sh ip ro
  Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
  D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
  N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
  E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
  i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
- candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
  P - periodic downloaded static route
  Gateway of last resort is not set
  10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
  C 10.1.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
  R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:26, FastEthernet0/1
  C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
  在R1上ping不通10.1.2.1。

步驟二：配置RIP v2

R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#version 2
R1(config-router)#no auto-summary
R二、R3均作一樣配置。

2）查看路由表，驗證網絡通訊是否正常

- candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
  P - periodic downloaded static route
  Gateway of last resort is not set
  10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
  C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
  R 10.1.2.0 [120/2] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:16, FastEthernet0/0
  C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
  R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:16, FastEthernet0/0
  R2#sh ip ro
  Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
  D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
  N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
  E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
  i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
- candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
  P - periodic downloaded static route
  Gateway of last resort is not set
  10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks
  R 10.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 192.168.1.1, 00:02:03, FastEthernet0/0
  [120/1] via 192.168.2.3, 00:01:23, FastEthernet0/1
  R 10.1.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.1.1, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
  R 10.1.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.3, 00:00:27, FastEthernet0/1
  C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
  C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
  R3#sh ip ro
  Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
  D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
  N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
  E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
  i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
- candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnetsR 10.1.1.0 [120/2] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:21, FastEthernet0/1C 10.1.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:21, FastEthernet0/1C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1在R1上能夠ping通10.1.2.1。