有三臺機器,操做系統都是CentOS 6.3 64位:其中172.16.9.100,安裝Nginx服務器;另外的兩臺172.16.9.101和172.16.9.102安裝unicorn,做爲RoR的應用服務器。在這裏先保證ruby及rails已經在101和102兩臺機器上配置好,這是前提。如何安裝Nginx及RoR的環境就不在這裏說了,不少文章都介紹得很詳細。html
這裏假設項目在/var/www/demo_project文件夾中
nginx
在101上使用shell
gem install unicorn 命令安裝unicorn。 api
新建內容爲如下的一個文件,須要進行修改的地方請看文件中的中文註釋,文件放置到/var/www/demo_project_unicorn.rb,這個文件是對這個項目的生產環境配置ruby
# Sample verbose configuration file for Unicorn (not Rack) # # This configuration file documents many features of Unicorn # that may not be needed for some applications. See # http://unicorn.bogomips.org/examples/unicorn.conf.minimal.rb # for a much simpler configuration file. # # See http://unicorn.bogomips.org/Unicorn/Configurator.html for complete # documentation. # Use at least one worker per core if you're on a dedicated server, # more will usually help for _short_ waits on databases/caches. worker_processes 4 # Since Unicorn is never exposed to outside clients, it does not need to # run on the standard HTTP port (80), there is no reason to start Unicorn # as root unless it's from system init scripts. # If running the master process as root and the workers as an unprivileged # user, do this to switch euid/egid in the workers (also chowns logs): # user "unprivileged_user", "unprivileged_group" # Help ensure your application will always spawn in the symlinked # "current" directory that Capistrano sets up. working_directory "/var/www/demo_project" # available in 0.94.0+ 在這裏修改成項目所在目錄 # listen on both a Unix domain socket and a TCP port, # we use a shorter backlog for quicker failover when busy listen "/var/tmp/.unicorn.sock", :backlog => 64 listen 19527, :tcp_nopush => true #端口號,NginX須要用到此端口號 # nuke workers after 30 seconds instead of 60 seconds (the default) timeout 120 # feel free to point this anywhere accessible on the filesystem pid "/usr/tmp/demo_project/pids/unicorn.pid" #pid文件的位置,能夠本身設置,注意權限 # By default, the Unicorn logger will write to stderr. # Additionally, ome applications/frameworks log to stderr or stdout, # so prevent them from going to /dev/null when daemonized here: stderr_path "/usr/tmp/demo_project/log/unicorn.stderr.log" #錯誤日誌的位置,本身設置,注意權限 stdout_path "/usr/tmp/demo_project/log/unicorn.stdout.log" #輸出日誌的位置,本身設置,注意權限 # combine Ruby 2.0.0dev or REE with "preload_app true" for memory savings # http://rubyenterpriseedition.com/faq.html#adapt_apps_for_cow preload_app true GC.respond_to?(:copy_on_write_friendly=) and GC.copy_on_write_friendly = true # Enable this flag to have unicorn test client connections by writing the # beginning of the HTTP headers before calling the application. This # prevents calling the application for connections that have disconnected # while queued. This is only guaranteed to detect clients on the same # host unicorn runs on, and unlikely to detect disconnects even on a # fast LAN. check_client_connection false before_fork do |server, worker| # the following is highly recomended for Rails + "preload_app true" # as there's no need for the master process to hold a connection defined?(ActiveRecord::Base) and ActiveRecord::Base.connection.disconnect! # The following is only recommended for memory/DB-constrained # installations. It is not needed if your system can house # twice as many worker_processes as you have configured. # # # This allows a new master process to incrementally # # phase out the old master process with SIGTTOU to avoid a # # thundering herd (especially in the "preload_app false" case) # # when doing a transparent upgrade. The last worker spawned # # will then kill off the old master process with a SIGQUIT. # old_pid = "#{server.config[:pid]}.oldbin" # if old_pid != server.pid # begin # sig = (worker.nr + 1) >= server.worker_processes ? :QUIT : :TTOU # Process.kill(sig, File.read(old_pid).to_i) # rescue Errno::ENOENT, Errno::ESRCH # end # end # # Throttle the master from forking too quickly by sleeping. Due # to the implementation of standard Unix signal handlers, this # helps (but does not completely) prevent identical, repeated signals # from being lost when the receiving process is busy. # sleep 1 end after_fork do |server, worker| # per-process listener ports for debugging/admin/migrations # addr = "127.0.0.1:#{9293 + worker.nr}" # server.listen(addr, :tries => -1, :delay => 5, :tcp_nopush => true) # the following is *required* for Rails + "preload_app true", defined?(ActiveRecord::Base) and ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection # if preload_app is true, then you may also want to check and # restart any other shared sockets/descriptors such as Memcached, # and Redis. TokyoCabinet file handles are safe to reuse # between any number of forked children (assuming your kernel # correctly implements pread()/pwrite() system calls) end
而後建立一個shell文件,內容以下,這個文件命名爲/var/www/unicorn.sh服務器
UNICORN=/usr/local/ruby/bin/unicorn_rails killall -9 unicorn_rails $UNICORN -c /var/www/demo_project_unicorn.rb -D -E production
其中第一行,指明unicorn的安裝位置,unicorn安裝成功後,是和ruby,rails等可執行文件是在同一個文件夾中的。第二行,關閉unicorn_rails的進程。第三行,根據-c參數後的配置,在生產環境中啓動項目。執行這個文件就能啓動unicorn服務器。app
另外的一臺主機102的配置,也與101相同。unicorn的配置也就完成了。下面開始NginX的配置less
在/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf中添加以下的配置信息,具體意思見中文註釋dom
upstream demo_project_backend { #鏈接兩臺RoR unicorn服務器 server 172.16.9.101:19527; server 172.16.9.102:19527; } server { listen 80 default_server; server_name _; return 403; } server { listen 80; server_name www.demo_project.com demo_project.com; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; proxy_connect_timeout 500s; proxy_read_timeout 500s; proxy_send_timeout 500s; #將對的請求,轉到兩臺主機上 location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; proxy_pass http://demo_project_backend; } # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } }