CentOS7系統配置國內yum源和epel源（轉）

1.首先進入/etc/yum.repos.d/目錄下，新建一個repo_bak目錄，用於保存系統中原來的repo文件

[root@bogon ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# mkdir repo_bak

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# mv *.repo repo_bak/

2.在CentOS中配置使用網易和阿里的開源鏡像

到網易和阿里開源鏡像站點下載系統對應版本的repo文件

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# ls
Centos-7.repo  CentOS-Base-163.repo  repo.bak

或者手動下載repo文件並上傳到/etc/yum.repos.d/目錄

網易開源鏡像站

阿里開源鏡像站

3.清除系統yum緩存並生成新的yum緩存

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# ls        # 列出/etc/yum.repos.d/目錄下的文件
Centos-7.repo  CentOS-Base-163.repo  repo.bak

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum clean all     # 清除系統全部的yum緩存
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Cleaning repos: base extras updates
Cleaning up everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum makecache     # 生成yum緩存
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
base                                                                                  | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                               | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
(1/12): base/7/x86_64/filelists_db                                                    | 6.7 MB  00:00:02     
(2/12): base/7/x86_64/group_gz                                                        | 156 kB  00:00:02     
(3/12): base/7/x86_64/other_db                                                        | 2.5 MB  00:00:01     
(4/12): base/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                      | 5.7 MB  00:00:02     
(5/12): extras/7/x86_64/prestodelta                                                   |  51 kB  00:00:01     
(6/12): extras/7/x86_64/filelists_db                                                  | 494 kB  00:00:02     
(7/12): extras/7/x86_64/other_db                                                      |  86 kB  00:00:00     
(8/12): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                    | 130 kB  00:00:01     
(9/12): updates/7/x86_64/prestodelta                                                  | 406 kB  00:00:01     
(10/12): updates/7/x86_64/filelists_db                                                | 2.1 MB  00:00:01     
(11/12): updates/7/x86_64/other_db                                                    | 354 kB  00:00:00     
(12/12): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                  | 3.6 MB  00:00:01     
Determining fastest mirrors
Metadata Cache Created

4.安裝epel源

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum list | grep epel-release
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
epel-release.noarch                         7-9                        extras   

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum install -y epel-release
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package epel-release.noarch 0:7-9 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================================================
 Package                       Arch                    Version                 Repository               Size
=============================================================================================================
Installing:
 epel-release                  noarch                  7-9                     extras                   14 k

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 14 k
Installed size: 24 k
Downloading packages:
epel-release-7-9.noarch.rpm                                                           |  14 kB  00:00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : epel-release-7-9.noarch                                                                   1/1 
  Verifying  : epel-release-7-9.noarch                                                                   1/1 

Installed:
  epel-release.noarch 0:7-9                                                                                  

Complete!
[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# ls            # epel源安裝成功，比原來多了一個epel.repo和epel-testing.repo文件
Centos-7.repo  CentOS-Base-163.repo  epel.repo  epel-testing.repo  repo.bak

5.使用阿里開源鏡像提供的epel源

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-7.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo    # 下載阿里開源鏡像的epel源文件
--2018-03-08 20:22:14--  http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 183.2.199.237, 113.96.109.95, 113.96.109.93, ...
Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|183.2.199.237|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1084 (1.1K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/epel-7.repo’

100%[=================================================================================================>] 1,084       --.-K/s   in 0s      

2018-03-08 20:22:14 (130 MB/s) - ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/epel-7.repo’ saved [1084/1084]

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS7-Base-163.repo  Centos-7.repo  epel-7.repo  epel.repo  epel-testing.repo  repo_bak

6.再次清除系統yum緩存，並從新生成新的yum緩存

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-debuginfo is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-source is listed more than once in the configuration
Cleaning repos: base epel extras updates
Cleaning up everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-debuginfo is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-source is listed more than once in the configuration
base                                                                                                                | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
epel                                                                                                                | 4.7 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                              | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                             | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
(1/18): base/7/x86_64/group_gz                                                                                      | 156 kB  00:00:01     
(2/18): base/7/x86_64/filelists_db                                                                                  | 6.7 MB  00:00:07     
(3/18): base/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                    | 5.7 MB  00:00:06     
(4/18): epel/x86_64/group_gz                                                                                        | 266 kB  00:00:01     
(5/18): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                                      | 899 kB  00:00:02     
(6/18): epel/x86_64/prestodelta                                                                                     | 7.1 kB  00:00:00     
(7/18): base/7/x86_64/other_db                                                                                      | 2.5 MB  00:00:05     
(8/18): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                      | 6.3 MB  00:00:04     
(9/18): extras/7/x86_64/filelists_db                                                                                | 636 kB  00:00:00     
(10/18): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                 | 166 kB  00:00:00     
(11/18): extras/7/x86_64/other_db                                                                                   | 108 kB  00:00:00     
(12/18): extras/7/x86_64/prestodelta                                                                                | 102 kB  00:00:01     
(13/18): epel/x86_64/other_db                                                                                       | 3.0 MB  00:00:01     
(14/18): epel/x86_64/filelists_db                                                                                   |  10 MB  00:00:09     
(15/18): updates/7/x86_64/filelists_db                                                                              | 3.5 MB  00:00:02     
(16/18): updates/7/x86_64/prestodelta                                                                               | 771 kB  00:00:02     
(17/18): updates/7/x86_64/other_db                                                                                  | 621 kB  00:00:00     
(18/18): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                | 6.0 MB  00:00:03     
Determining fastest mirrors
 * epel: mirrors.aliyun.com
Metadata Cache Created

7.查看系統可用的yum源和全部的yum源

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum repolist enabled
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-debuginfo is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-source is listed more than once in the configuration
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * epel: mirrors.aliyun.com
repo id                                            repo name                                                                         status
base/7/x86_64                                      CentOS-7 - Base - 163.com                                                          9,591
epel/x86_64                                        Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64                                    12,382
extras/7/x86_64                                    CentOS-7 - Extras - 163.com                                                          390
updates/7/x86_64                                   CentOS-7 - Updates - 163.com                                                       1,941
repolist: 24,304

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# yum repolist all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-debuginfo is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository epel-source is listed more than once in the configuration
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * epel: mirrors.aliyun.com
repo id                                     repo name                                                                       status
base/7/x86_64                               CentOS-7 - Base - 163.com                                                       enabled:  9,591
centosplus/7/x86_64                         CentOS-7 - Plus - 163.com                                                       disabled
contrib/7/x86_64                            CentOS-7 - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com                                         disabled
epel/x86_64                                 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64                                  enabled: 12,382
epel-debuginfo/x86_64                       Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 - Debug                          disabled
epel-source                                 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 - Source                         disabled
epel-testing/x86_64                         Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - x86_64                        disabled
epel-testing-debuginfo/x86_64               Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - x86_64 - Debug                disabled
epel-testing-source/x86_64                  Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - x86_64 - Source               disabled
extras/7/x86_64                             CentOS-7 - Extras - 163.com                                                     enabled:    390
updates/7/x86_64                            CentOS-7 - Updates - 163.com                                                    enabled:  1,941
repolist: 24,304