linux netstat 命令詳解
1.功能與說明
netstat 用於顯示linux中各類網絡相關信息。如網絡連接 路由表 接口狀態連接 多播成員等等。python
2.參數含義介紹
-a (all)顯示全部選項，默認不顯示LISTEN相關
-t (tcp)僅顯示tcp相關選項
-u (udp)僅顯示udp相關選項
-n 拒絕顯示別名，能顯示數字的所有轉化成數字。
-l 僅列出有在 Listen (監聽) 的服務狀態mysql
-p 顯示創建相關連接的程序名
-r 顯示路由信息，路由表
-e 顯示擴展信息，例如uid等
-s 按各個協議進行統計
-c 每隔一個固定時間，執行該netstat命令。linux
提示：LISTEN和LISTENING的狀態只有用-a或者-l才能看到nginx
3.經常使用實例
3.1 列出全部端口 web
netstat -a
[root@zhz jiehun]# netstat -a|more Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 *:sunrpc *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:webcache *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:http *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 192.168.122.1:domain *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdomain:d-s-n *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:ssh *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.loc:simplifymedia *:* LISTEN
3.2 列出全部tcp端口sql
[root@zhz jiehun]# netstat -at|more Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 *:sunrpc *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:webcache *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:http *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 192.168.122.1:domain *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdomain:d-s-n *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:ssh *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.loc:simplifymedia *:* LISTEN
3.3 列出全部udp端口 ruby
netstat -au
[root@zhz jiehun]# netstat -au|more Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State udp 0 0 *:ideafarm-panic *:* udp 0 0 *:47005 *:* udp 0 0 localhost.loca:memcache *:* udp 0 0 *:55276 *:* udp 0 0 192.168.122.1:domain *:* udp 0 0 *:bootps *:* udp 0 0 *:bootpc *:* udp 0 0 *:sunrpc *:* udp 0 0 *:ipp *:* udp 0 0 *:44236 *:* udp 0 0 *:722 *:*
3.4 只顯示監聽端口 netstat -l網絡
[root@zhz jiehun]# netstat -l Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 *:sunrpc *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:webcache *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:http *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 192.168.122.1:domain *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdomain:d-s-n *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:ssh *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.loc:simplifymedia *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdomain:ipp *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:44343 *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdomain:smtp *:* LISTEN
3.5 只顯示監聽的tcp端口 netstat -ltdom
[root@zhz jiehun]# netstat -lt Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 *:sunrpc *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:webcache *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:http *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 192.168.122.1:domain *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdomain:d-s-n *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:ssh *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.loc:simplifymedia *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdomain:ipp *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:44343 *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdomain:smtp *:* LISTEN
3.6 只顯示全部監聽udp端口 netstat -lussh
[root@zhz jiehun]# netstat -lu Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State udp 0 0 *:ideafarm-panic *:* udp 0 0 *:47005 *:* udp 0 0 *:47551 *:* udp 0 0 localhost.loca:memcache *:* udp 0 0 *:55276 *:* udp 0 0 192.168.122.1:domain *:* udp 0 0 *:bootps *:* udp 0 0 *:bootpc *:* udp 0 0 *:sunrpc *:*
3.7 只列出全部監聽unix端口 netstat -lx
[root@zhz jiehun]# netstat -lx Active UNIX domain sockets (only servers) Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 21941 /tmp/.X11-unix/X0 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 34096 /tmp/orbit-haozheng/linc-cd2-0-5b33fa1ecf0c9 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 22263 @/tmp/gdm-greeter-cBlQsyRF unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 32728 /tmp/.ICE-unix/3103 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 36866 @/tmp/dbus-AcJrBlWF unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 20454 /tmp/mysql.sock
3.8 顯示全部端口的統計信息 netstat -s
[root@zhz jiehun]# netstat -s Ip: 1943780 total packets received 2 forwarded 0 incoming packets discarded 1769532 incoming packets delivered 1121573 requests sent out 132 outgoing packets dropped 45867 dropped because of missing route Tcp: 64002 active connections openings 7632 passive connection openings 2309 failed connection attempts 498 connection resets received 8 connections established 1018564 segments received 1022700 segments send out 16835 segments retransmited 2 bad segments received. 552 resets sent Udp: 133420 packets received 7845 packets to unknown port received. 0 packet receive errors 74841 packets sent 0 receive buffer errors 0 send buffer errors
3.9 顯示全部tcp(netstat -st)或udp(netstat -su)的統計信息
[root@zhz jiehun]# netstat -su IcmpMsg: InType0: 11 InType3: 13506 OutType3: 13679 OutType8: 11 Udp: 133462 packets received 7869 packets to unknown port received. 0 packet receive errors 74888 packets sent 0 receive buffer errors 0 send buffer errors UdpLite: IpExt: InNoRoutes: 991 InMcastPkts: 24308 OutMcastPkts: 2353 InBcastPkts: 630615 OutBcastPkts: 1546 InOctets: 755319900 OutOctets: 296705252 InMcastOctets: 2908748 OutMcastOctets: 93173 InBcastOctets: 99500419 OutBcastOctets: 299980
3.10 顯示pid/進程名稱 netstat -p -p能夠與其餘參數一塊兒使用 好比 顯示tcp的進程id信息
[root@zhz jiehun]# netstat -pt Active Internet connections (w/o servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 192.168.0.52:44784 123.150.49.20:http FIN_WAIT2 4207/VirtualBox tcp 0 0 192.168.0.52:46715 ie-in-f125.1e100.net:https ESTABLISHED 4207/VirtualBox tcp 0 0 192.168.0.52:43415 geotrust-ocsp-mtv.veri:http FIN_WAIT2 4207/VirtualBox
3.11 在 netstat 輸出中不顯示主機，端口和用戶名 (host, port or user)當你不想讓主機，端口和用戶名顯示，使用 netstat -n。將會使用數字代替那些名稱。一樣能夠加速輸出，由於不用進行比對查詢。netstat -ntpl 顯示tcp的監聽端口 不顯示主機端口用戶名 用數字代替
[root@zhz jiehun]# netstat -ptnl Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 971/rpcbind tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1526/nginx: master tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1526/nginx: master tcp 0 0 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1248/dnsmasq tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8086 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1553/python tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1163/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8087 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1553/python tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1140/cupsd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:44343 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1151/rpc.statd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 18573/sendmail: acc tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3002 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1004/ruby tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1526/nginx: master
3.12 一秒鐘輸出一次tcp監聽端口信息 netstat -ntplc
Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 971/rpcbind tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1526/nginx: master tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1526/nginx: master tcp 0 0 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1248/dnsmasq tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8086 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1553/python tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1163/sshd
3.13 顯示路由信息 netstat -r
[root@zhz jiehun]# netstat -r Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface default vrouter 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.122.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virb
3.14 顯示網絡接口列表 netstat -i
[root@zhz jiehun]# netstat -i Kernel Interface table Iface MTU Met RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg eth0 1500 0 4943885 0 0 0 901773 0 0 0 BMRU lo 16436 0 236931 0 0 0 236931 0 0 0 LRU virbr0 1500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 BMU
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