inotify+rsync sersync+rsync實時同步服務

中小型網站搭建-數據實時的複製-inotify/sersyncphp

 

 

 

inotify是一種強大的,細粒度的、異步的文件系統事件監控機制(軟件),linux內核從2.6.13起,加入inotify支持,經過inotify能夠監控文件系統中添加、刪除、修改、移動等各類事件。linux

 

1. backup部署rsync服務端  /nfsbackup目錄shell

# mkdir -p /nfsbackup/express

# mkdir -p /backup/vim

# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M rsync緩存

# chown -R rsync.rsync /backupbash

# chown -R rsync.rsync /nfsbackup多線程

# ll -d /backup/ /nfsbackup/併發

drwxr-xr-x 2 rsync rsync 4096 Jun  5 22:21 /backup/dom

drwxr-xr-x 2 rsync rsync 4096 Jun  5 22:18 /nfsbackup/

 

# echo 'rsync_backup:123456' >/etc/rsync.password

[root@backup ~]# cat /etc/rsync.password

rsync_backup:123456

 

# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.password

# ll /etc/rsync.password

-rw------- 1 root root 20 Jun  5 22:30 /etc/rsync.password

 

# vim /etc/rsyncd.conf

######rsync_config_______________start

#created by hkping 15:01 2018-5-27

uid = rsync

gid = rsync

use chroot = no

max connections = 200

timeout = 300

pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid

lock file = /var/run/rsync.lock

log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log

 

ignore errors

read only = false

list = false

hosts allow = 172.16.1.0/24

#hosts deny = 0.0.0.0/32

auth users = rsync_backup

secrets file = /etc/rsync.password

 

[backup]

path = /backup/

[nfsbackup]

path = /nfsbackup/

 

# rsync --daemon

# echo 'rsync --daemon' >> /etc/rc.local

# ps -ef|grep rsync

root       1481      1  0 22:15 ?        00:00:00 rsync --daemon

root       1484   1374  0 22:17 pts/0    00:00:00 grep rsync

 

2. 客戶端nfs01配置,並測試nfs01推送數據rsync

# echo '123456' > /etc/rsync.password

# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.password

# rsync -avz /etc/hosts rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::nfsbackup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password

sending incremental file list

 

sent 26 bytes  received 8 bytes  68.00 bytes/sec

total size is 310  speedup is 9.12

 

3. 安裝epel源,nfs01配置inotify,安裝inotify-tools

# yum install epel-release -y 通常以前優化已經有了epel源(可不作)

關鍵參數說明

# ls -l /proc/sys/fs/inotify/

total 0

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun  5 22:47 max_queued_events   可容納的事件數量

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun  5 22:47 max_user_instances 可運行的進程數

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun  5 22:47 max_user_watches 可監視文件數量

 

# yum install inotify-tools -y

# rpm -ql inotify-tools

/usr/bin/inotifywait

/usr/bin/inotifywatch

一共安裝了2個工具(命令),即inotifywait和inotifywatch

inotifywait(經常使用)  在被監控的文件或目錄上等待特定文件系統事件(open、close,delete等)發生,執行後處於阻塞狀態,適合在shell腳本中使用。

inotifywatch  收集被監視的文件系統使用度統計數據,指文件系統事件發生的次數統計。

-r   遞歸查詢目錄

-q 打印不多的信息,僅僅打印監控事件的信息

-m 始終保持事件監聽狀態

--timefmt 指定時間輸出的格式

--format 打印使用指定的輸出相似格式字符串

-e 指定要監視的事件列表

4. 測試監控,複製nfs01窗口測試

# inotifywait -mrq /data/ --timefmt '%d/%m/%y %H:%M' --format "%T %w%f" -e create 建立

# inotifywait -mrq /data/ --timefmt '%d/%m/%y %H:%M' --format "%T %w%f" -e delete 刪除

# inotifywait -mrq /data/ --timefmt '%d/%m/%y %H:%M' --format "%T %w%f" -e close_write 文件內容是否修改

# inotifywait -mrq /data/ --timefmt '%d/%m/%y %H:%M' --format "%T %w%f" -e moved_to 重命名

 

5. 在nfs01,寫監控腳本,運行監控腳本

# mkdir -p /server/scripts

# vim jiankong.sh

#!/bin/bash

#desc: watch /data dir && rsync to backup

 

inotifywait -mrq /data/ --format "%w%f" -e create,modify,close_write,moved_to|while read line

do

        rsync -az /data/ rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::nfsbackup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password

done

# sh /server/scripts/jiankong.sh

# /bin/sh /server/scripts/jiankong.sh & 把監控腳本放在後臺運行

# ps -ef|grep jiankong

root       2088   1736  0 22:14 pts/1    00:00:00 /bin/sh /server/scripts/jiankong.sh

root       2090   2088  0 22:14 pts/1    00:00:00 /bin/sh /server/scripts/jiankong.sh

 

6. 同步測試文件

# touch /data/oldboy{01..10}.txt

# ll /nfsbackup/

total 8

-rw-r--r-- 1 rsync rsync 310 Jun  5 20:14 hosts

-rw-r--r-- 1 rsync rsync   0 Jun  6 21:26 oldboy01.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 rsync rsync   0 Jun  6 21:26 oldboy02.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 rsync rsync   0 Jun  6 21:26 oldboy03.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 rsync rsync   0 Jun  6 21:26 oldboy04.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 rsync rsync   0 Jun  6 21:26 oldboy05.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 rsync rsync   0 Jun  6 21:26 oldboy06.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 rsync rsync   0 Jun  6 21:26 oldboy07.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 rsync rsync   0 Jun  6 21:26 oldboy08.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 rsync rsync   0 Jun  6 21:26 oldboy09.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 rsync rsync   0 Jun  6 21:26 oldboy10.txt

 

總結:inotify優缺點:

inotify優勢:監控文件系統事件變化,經過同步工具實現實時數據同步。

inotify缺點:

1)併發若是大於200個文件(10-100K),同步就會有延遲。

2)咱們前面寫的腳本,每次都是所有推送一次,但確實是增量的。

3)監控到事件後,調用rsync同步是單進程的,sersync多進程同步。既然有了inoitfy-tools,爲何還要開發sersync?

 

sersync功能多:(inotify+rsync命令)

1)支持經過配置文件管理

2)真正的守護進程socket

3)能夠對失敗文件定時重傳(定時任務功能)

4)第三方的HTTP接口(例如:更新cdn緩存)

5)默認多線程rsync同步

建議:

(1)當同步的目錄數據量不大時,建議使用rsync+inotify

(2)當同步的目錄數據量很大時(幾百G甚至1T以上)文件不少時,建議使用rsync+sersync

 

安裝sersync軟件

[root@nfs01 /]# mkdir -p /home/oldboy/tools

[root@nfs01 /]# cd /home/oldboy/tools

[root@nfs01 tools]# rpm -qa lrzsz

lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64

[root@nfs01 tools]# rz -E 上傳文件sersync_installdir_64bit.zip

rz waiting to receive.

[root@nfs01 tools]# ll

total 692

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 708025 Jun  6 22:20 sersync_installdir_64bit.zip

[root@nfs01 tools]# unzip sersync_installdir_64bit.zip

Archive:  sersync_installdir_64bit.zip

   creating: sersync_installdir_64bit/

   creating: sersync_installdir_64bit/sersync/

   creating: sersync_installdir_64bit/sersync/bin/

  inflating: sersync_installdir_64bit/sersync/bin/sersync  

   creating: sersync_installdir_64bit/sersync/conf/

  inflating: sersync_installdir_64bit/sersync/conf/confxml.xml  

   creating: sersync_installdir_64bit/sersync/logs/

[root@nfs01 tools]# mv sersync_installdir_64bit/sersync/ /usr/local/

[root@nfs01 tools]# ll /usr/local/sersync/

total 12

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 23  2012 bin

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 23  2012 conf

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 23  2012 logs

[root@nfs01 tools]# ll /usr/local/sersync/bin/sersync

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1810128 Oct 26  2011 /usr/local/sersync/bin/sersync

[root@nfs01 tools]# chmod +x /usr/local/sersync/bin/sersync

[root@nfs01 tools]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::nfsbackup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password

sending incremental file list

hosts

 

sent 188 bytes  received 27 bytes  143.33 bytes/sec

total size is 310  speedup is 1.44

[root@nfs01 tools]# ln -s /usr/local/sersync/bin/sersync /usr/local/bin/ 建立軟鏈接,之後能夠直接使用sersync命令

[root@nfs01 tools]# sersync -h

set the system param

execute:echo 50000000 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches

execute:echo 327679 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_queued_events

parse the command param

_______________________________________________________

參數-d:啓用守護進程模式

參數-r:在監控前,將監控目錄與遠程主機用rsync命令推送一遍

c參數-n: 指定開啓守護線程的數量,默認爲10個

參數-o:指定配置文件,默認使用confxml.xml文件

參數-m:單獨啓用其餘模塊,使用 -m refreshCDN 開啓刷新CDN模塊

參數-m:單獨啓用其餘模塊,使用 -m socket 開啓socket模塊

參數-m:單獨啓用其餘模塊,使用 -m http 開啓http模塊

不加-m參數,則默認執行同步程序

 

[root@nfs01 conf]# cd /usr/local/sersync/conf

[root@nfs01 conf]# cp confxml.xml confxml.xml.ori

[root@nfs01 conf]# vim confxml.xml

:set nu 顯示行號

[root@nfs01 conf]# diff confxml.xml confxml.xml.ori 比較修改後和修改前配置文件的不一樣

24,25c24,25 要改配置文件的行號

< <localpath watch="/data">

<     <remote ip="172.16.1.41" name="nfsbackup"/>

---

> <localpath watch="/opt/tongbu">

>     <remote ip="127.0.0.1" name="tongbu1"/>

30,31c30,31 要改配置文件的行號

<     <commonParams params="-artuz --delete"/>

<     <auth start="true" users="rsync_backup" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.password"/>

---

>     <commonParams params="-artuz"/>

>     <auth start="false" users="root" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.pas"/>

36c36

< <failLog path="/var/log/rsync_fail.log" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 60mins execute once-->

---

> <failLog path="/tmp/rsync_fail_log.sh" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 60mins execute once-->

 

 

[root@nfs01 conf]# cat confxml.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<head version="2.5">

    <host hostip="localhost" port="8008"></host>

    <debug start="false"/>

    <fileSystem xfs="false"/>

    <filter start="false">

<exclude expression="(.*)\.svn"></exclude>

<exclude expression="(.*)\.gz"></exclude>

<exclude expression="^info/*"></exclude>

<exclude expression="^static/*"></exclude>

    </filter>

    <inotify>

<delete start="true"/>

<createFolder start="true"/>

<createFile start="false"/>

<closeWrite start="true"/>

<moveFrom start="true"/>

<moveTo start="true"/>

<attrib start="false"/>

<modify start="false"/>

    </inotify>

 

    <sersync>

<localpath watch="/data">

    <remote ip="172.16.1.41" name="nfsbackup"/>

    <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>-->

    <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>-->

</localpath>

<rsync>

    <commonParams params="-artuz --delete"/>

    <auth start="true" users="rsynz_backup" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.password"/>

    <userDefinedPort start="false" port="874"/><!-- port=874 -->

    <timeout start="false" time="100"/><!-- timeout=100 -->

    <ssh start="false"/>

</rsync>

<failLog path="/var/log/rsync_fail.log" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 60mins execute once-->

<crontab start="false" schedule="600"><!--600mins-->

    <crontabfilter start="false">

<exclude expression="*.php"></exclude>

<exclude expression="info/*"></exclude>

    </crontabfilter>

</crontab>

<plugin start="false" name="command"/>

    </sersync>

 

    <plugin name="command">

<param prefix="/bin/sh" suffix="" ignoreError="true"/> <!--prefix /opt/tongbu/mmm.sh suffix-->

<filter start="false">

    <include expression="(.*)\.php"/>

    <include expression="(.*)\.sh"/>

</filter>

    </plugin>

 

    <plugin name="socket">

<localpath watch="/opt/tongbu">

    <deshost ip="192.168.138.20" port="8009"/>

</localpath>

    </plugin>

    <plugin name="refreshCDN">

<localpath watch="/data0/htdocs/cms.xoyo.com/site/">

    <cdninfo domainname="ccms.chinacache.com" port="80" username="xxxx" passwd="xxxx"/>

    <sendurl base="http://pic.xoyo.com/cms"/>

    <regexurl regex="false" match="cms.xoyo.com/site([/a-zA-Z0-9]*).xoyo.com/images"/>

</localpath>

    </plugin>

</head>

 

[root@nfs01 conf]# sersync -dro /usr/local/sersync/conf/confxml.xml

set the system param

execute:echo 50000000 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches

execute:echo 327679 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_queued_events

parse the command param

option: -d run as a daemon

option: -r rsync all the local files to the remote servers before the sersync work

option: -o config xml name:  /usr/local/sersync/conf/confxml.xml

daemon thread num: 10

parse xml config file

host ip : localhost host port: 8008

daemon start,sersync run behind the console

use rsync password-file :

user is rsynz_backup

passwordfile is /etc/rsync.password

config xml parse success

please set /etc/rsyncd.conf max connections=0 Manually

sersync working thread 12  = 1(primary thread) + 1(fail retry thread) + 10(daemon sub threads)

Max threads numbers is: 22 = 12(Thread pool nums) + 10(Sub threads)

please according your cpu ,use -n param to adjust the cpu rate

------------------------------------------

rsync the directory recursivly to the remote servers once

working please wait...

execute command: cd /data && rsync -artuz --delete -R --delete ./ rsynz_backup@172.16.1.41::nfsbackup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password >/dev/null 2>&1

run the sersync:

watch path is: /data   表示成功運行

 

測試nfs01 /data目錄下增刪文件,是否同步到backup /nfsbackup目錄

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