qhfl-3 Course模塊

時間  2019-11-09
標籤 qhfl course 模塊 简体版
原文   原文鏈接

課程模塊，包括免費課程以及專題課程兩個，主要是課程的展現，點擊課程進入課程詳細頁面前端

根據功能設計表結構

爲了方便，每張表在數據庫中添加了中文名nginx

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.contenttypes.fields import GenericForeignKey, GenericRelation
from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
# from shopping.models import OrderDetail,Coupon


# 註冊admin 的時候 方便引入
__all__ = ["Category", "Course", "CourseDetail", "Teacher", "DegreeCourse", "CourseChapter",
           "CourseSection", "PricePolicy", "OftenAskedQuestion", "Comment", "Account", "CourseOutline"]


class Category(models.Model):
    """課程分類表"""
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32, unique=True, verbose_name="課程的分類")

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "01-課程分類表"
        db_table = verbose_name
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class Course(models.Model):
    """課程表"""
    title = models.CharField(max_length=128, unique=True, verbose_name="課程的名稱")
    course_img = models.ImageField(upload_to="course/%Y-%m", verbose_name='課程的圖片')
    category = models.ForeignKey(to="Category", verbose_name="課程的分類", on_delete=None)

    COURSE_TYPE_CHOICES = ((0, "付費"), (1, "vip專享"), (2, "學位課程"),(3,"免費"))
    course_type = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=COURSE_TYPE_CHOICES)
    degree_course = models.ForeignKey(to="DegreeCourse", blank=True, null=True, help_text="若是是學位課程，必須關聯學位表",
                                      on_delete=None)

    brief = models.CharField(verbose_name="課程簡介", max_length=1024)
    level_choices = ((0, '初級'), (1, '中級'), (2, '高級'))
    level = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=level_choices, default=1)

    status_choices = ((0, '上線'), (1, '下線'), (2, '預上線'))
    status = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=status_choices, default=0)
    pub_date = models.DateField(verbose_name="發佈日期", blank=True, null=True)

    order = models.IntegerField("課程順序", help_text="從上一個課程數字日後排")
    study_num = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="學習人數", help_text="只要有人買課程，訂單表加入數據的同時給這個字段+1")

    # order_details = GenericRelation("OrderDetail", related_query_name="course")
    # coupon = GenericRelation("Coupon")
    # 只用於反向查詢不生成字段
    price_policy = GenericRelation("PricePolicy")
    often_ask_questions = GenericRelation("OftenAskedQuestion")
    course_comments = GenericRelation("Comment")

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if self.course_type == 2:
            if not self.degree_course:
                raise ValueError("學位課必須關聯學位課程表")
        super(Course, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "02-課程表"
        db_table = verbose_name
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class CourseDetail(models.Model):
    """課程詳細表"""
    course = models.OneToOneField(to="Course", on_delete=None)
    hours = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="課時", default=7)
    course_slogan = models.CharField(max_length=125, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="課程口號")
    video_brief_link = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
    summary = models.TextField(max_length=2048, verbose_name="課程概述")
    why_study = models.TextField(verbose_name="爲何學習這門課程")
    what_to_study_brief = models.TextField(verbose_name="我將學到哪些內容")
    career_improvement = models.TextField(verbose_name="此項目如何有助於個人職業生涯")
    prerequisite = models.TextField(verbose_name="課程先修要求", max_length=1024)
    recommend_courses = models.ManyToManyField("Course", related_name="recommend_by", blank=True)

    teachers = models.ManyToManyField("Teacher", verbose_name="課程講師")

    def __str__(self):
        return self.course.title

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "03-課程詳細表"
        db_table = verbose_name
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class Teacher(models.Model):
    """講師表"""
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name="講師名字")
    brief = models.TextField(max_length=1024, verbose_name="講師介紹")

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "04-教師表"
        db_table = verbose_name
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class DegreeCourse(models.Model):
    """
    字段大致跟課程表相同，哪些不一樣根據業務邏輯去區分
    """
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name="學位課程名字")

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "05-學位課程表"
        db_table = verbose_name
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class CourseChapter(models.Model):
    """課程章節表"""
    course = models.ForeignKey(to="Course", related_name="course_chapters", on_delete=None)
    chapter = models.SmallIntegerField(default=1, verbose_name="第幾章")
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name="課程章節名稱")

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "06-課程章節表"
        db_table = verbose_name
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        unique_together = ("course", "chapter")


class CourseSection(models.Model):
    """課時表"""

    chapter = models.ForeignKey(to="CourseChapter", related_name="course_sections",verbose_name="self.chapter.course.title", on_delete=None)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name="課時")
    section_order = models.SmallIntegerField(verbose_name="課時排序", help_text="建議每一個課時之間空1至2個值，以備後續插入課時")
    section_type_choices = ((0, '文檔'), (1, '練習'), (2, '視頻'))
    free_trail = models.BooleanField("是否可試看", default=False)
    section_type = models.SmallIntegerField(default=2, choices=section_type_choices)
    section_link = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True, help_text="如果video，填vid,如果文檔，填link")

    def course_chapter(self):
        return self.chapter.chapter

    def course_name(self):
        return self.chapter.course.title

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s-%s-%s課時" % (self.chapter.course,self.chapter, self.title)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "07-課程課時表"
        db_table = verbose_name
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        unique_together = ('chapter', 'section_link')


class PricePolicy(models.Model):
    """價格策略表"""
    content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType, on_delete=None)  # 關聯course or degree_course
    object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField()
    content_object = GenericForeignKey('content_type', 'object_id')

    valid_period_choices = ((1, '1天'), (3, '3天'),
                            (7, '1周'), (14, '2周'),
                            (30, '1個月'),
                            (60, '2個月'),
                            (90, '3個月'),
                            (120, '4個月'),
                            (180, '6個月'), (210, '12個月'),
                            (540, '18個月'), (720, '24個月'),
                            (722, '24個月'), (723, '24個月'),
                            )
    valid_period = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=valid_period_choices)
    price = models.FloatField()

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s(%s)%s" % (self.content_object, self.get_valid_period_display(), self.price)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "08-價格策略表"
        db_table = verbose_name
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        unique_together = ("content_type", 'object_id', "valid_period")


class OftenAskedQuestion(models.Model):
    """常見問題"""
    content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType, on_delete=None)  # 關聯course or degree_course
    object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField()
    content_object = GenericForeignKey('content_type', 'object_id')

    question = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    answer = models.TextField(max_length=1024)

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s-%s" % (self.content_object, self.question)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "09-常見問題表"
        db_table = verbose_name
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        unique_together = ('content_type', 'object_id', 'question')


class Comment(models.Model):
    """通用的評論表"""
    content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType, blank=True, null=True, on_delete=None)
    object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
    content_object = GenericForeignKey('content_type', 'object_id')

    content = models.TextField(max_length=1024, verbose_name="評論內容")
    account = models.ForeignKey("Account", verbose_name="會員名", on_delete=None)
    date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.content

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "10-評價表"
        db_table = verbose_name
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class Account(models.Model):
    username = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name="用戶姓名")
    pwd = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name="密文密碼")
    # head_img = models.CharField(max_length=256, default='/static/frontend/head_portrait/logo@2x.png',
    #                             verbose_name="我的頭像")
    balance = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="貝里餘額", default=0)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "11-用戶表"
        db_table = verbose_name
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class CourseOutline(models.Model):
    """
    課程大綱
    跟課程詳情外鍵關聯，而不是直接跟課程，提升查詢
    """
    course_detail = models.ForeignKey(to="CourseDetail", related_name="course_outline", on_delete=None)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=128)
    order = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(default=1)
    # 前端顯示順序

    content = models.TextField("內容", max_length=2048)

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s" % self.title

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "12-課程大綱表"  #
        db_table = verbose_name                         # 線上運行時不要寫db_table
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        unique_together = ('course_detail', 'title')  # 一個課程詳情只有一個大綱
Course/models.py

 不要忘了註冊到admin數據庫

from . import models
for table in models.__all__:
    admin.site.register(getattr(models, table))

接口

對於課程這個模塊，全部的功能都是展現，基於數據展現的，咱們一般稱爲數據接口django

這種接口對於咱們來講是最簡單的，從數據庫拿數據，而後進行展現後端

須要的接口api

　　-- 課程頁面  課程全部分類數據結構

　　　　　　　 展現課程介紹的接口frontend

　　-- 點擊課程進入課程詳情頁面，詳情頁面的數據接口ide

　　-- 詳情頁面下的子路由對應子組件的數據接口學習

　　　　 課程章節課時

　　　　 課程的評論

　　　　 課程的常見問題

數據接口，都是讀取數據庫，序列化數據，返回

父路由分發
path('api/course/', include("Course.urls")),

課程分類接口

from rest_framework import serializers
from . import models


class CategorySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Category
        fields = "__all__"

 

class CategoryView(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        # 經過ORM操做獲取全部分類數據
        queryset = models.Category.objects.all()
        # 利用序列化器去序列化咱們的數據
        ser_obj = CategorySerializer(queryset, many=True)
        # 返回
        return Response(ser_obj.data)

 

課程詳情接口

CourseDetailSerializer

 

path('detail/<int:pk>', CourseDetailView.as_view()),

class CourseDetailView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, pk):
        # 根據pk獲取到課程詳情對象
        course_detail_obj = models.CourseDetail.objects.filter(course__id=pk).first()
        if not course_detail_obj:
            return Response({"code": 1001, "error": "查詢的課程詳情不存在"})
        # 序列化課程詳情
        ser_obj = CourseDetailSerializer(course_detail_obj)
        # 返回
        return Response(ser_obj.data)

 

image

 

課程章節接口

CourseChapterSerializer

 

class CourseChapterView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, pk):
        # ["第一章": {課時一， 課時二}]
        queryset = models.CourseChapter.objects.filter(course_id=pk).all().order_by("chapter")
        # 序列化章節對象
        ser_obj = CourseChapterSerializer(queryset, many=True)
        # 返回
        return Response(ser_obj.data)

image

評論以及常見問題接口

class CourseCommentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    account = serializers.CharField(source="account.username") class Meta: model = models.Comment fields = ["id", "account", "content", "date"] class QuestionSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = models.OftenAskedQuestion fields = ["id", "question", "answer"]

 

class CourseCommentView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, pk): # 經過課程id找到課程全部的評論 queryset = models.Course.objects.filter(id=pk).first().course_comments.all() # 序列化 ser_obj = CourseCommentSerializer(queryset, many=True) # 返回 return Response(ser_obj.data) class QuestionView(APIView): def get(self, request, pk): queryset = models.Course.objects.filter(id=pk).first().often_ask_questions.all() ser_obj = QuestionSerializer(queryset, many=True) return Response(ser_obj.data)

image

image

 

from django.urls import path
from .views import CategoryView, CourseView, CourseDetailView, CourseChapterView, CourseCommentView, QuestionView
from .video_view import PolyvView

urlpatterns = [
    # 課程分類
    path('category', CategoryView.as_view()),

    # 課程
    path('list', CourseView.as_view()),

    #               課程id
    path('detail/<int:pk>', CourseDetailView.as_view()),

    # 課程的章節接口  課程id
    path('chapter/<int:pk>', CourseChapterView.as_view()),

    #  評論         課程id
    path('comment/<int:pk>', CourseCommentView.as_view()),

    path('question/<int:pk>', QuestionView.as_view()),

    path('polyv', PolyvView.as_view()),

]
Course/urls.py 
from rest_framework import serializers
from . import models


class CategorySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Category
        fields = "__all__"


class CourseSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    level = serializers.CharField(source="get_level_display")  # 直接將選項的數字，轉換成了可顯示的字符
    price = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    def get_price(self, obj):
        print(obj.price_policy.all())

        return obj.price_policy.all().order_by("price").first().price

    class Meta:
        model = models.Course
        fields = ["id", "title", "course_img", "brief", "level", "study_num", "price"]


class CourseDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    level = serializers.CharField(source="course.get_level_display") # level 是選項時 get_xx_display 直接拿到選項的值
    study_num = serializers.IntegerField(source="course.study_num")
    recommend_courses = serializers.SerializerMethodField()  # 涉及到跨表，用
    teachers = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    price_policy = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    course_outline = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    def get_course_outline(self, obj): # obj是課程對象
        return [{"id": outline.id, "title": outline.title, "content": outline.content} for outline in
                obj.course_outline.all().order_by("order")]

    def get_price_policy(self, obj):
        return [{"id": price.id, "valid_price_display": price.get_valid_period_display(), "price": price.price} for
                price in obj.course.price_policy.all()]

    def get_teachers(self, obj):
        return [{"id": teacher.id, "name": teacher.name} for teacher in obj.teachers.all()]

    def get_recommend_courses(self, obj):
        return [{"id": course.id, "title": course.title} for course in obj.recommend_courses.all()]

    class Meta:
        model = models.CourseDetail
        fields = ["id", "hours", "summary", "level", "study_num", "recommend_courses", "teachers",
                  "price_policy", "course_outline"]


class CourseChapterSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    sections = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    def get_sections(self, obj):
        return [{"id": section.id, "title": section.title, "free_trail": section.free_trail} for section in
                obj.course_sections.all().order_by("section_order")]

    class Meta:
        model = models.CourseChapter
        fields = ["id", "title", "sections"]


class CourseCommentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    account = serializers.CharField(source="account.username")

    class Meta:
        model = models.Comment
        fields = ["id", "account", "content", "date"]


class QuestionSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.OftenAskedQuestion
        fields = ["id", "question", "answer"]
Course/serializers.py 
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from . import models
from .serializers import CategorySerializer, CourseSerializer, CourseDetailSerializer, CourseChapterSerializer
from .serializers import CourseCommentSerializer, QuestionSerializer


class CategoryView(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        # 經過ORM操做獲取全部分類數據
        queryset = models.Category.objects.all()
        # 利用序列化器去序列化咱們的數據
        ser_obj = CategorySerializer(queryset, many=True)
        # 返回
        return Response(ser_obj.data)


class CourseView(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        # 獲取過濾條件中的分類ID
        category_id = request.query_params.get("category", 0)
        # 根據分類獲取課程
        if category_id == 0:
            queryset = models.Course.objects.all().order_by("order")
        else:
            queryset = models.Course.objects.filter(category_id=category_id).all().order_by("order")
        # 序列化課程數據
        ser_obj = CourseSerializer(queryset, many=True)
        # 返回
        return Response(ser_obj.data)


class CourseDetailView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, pk):
        # 根據pk獲取到課程詳情對象
        course_detail_obj = models.CourseDetail.objects.filter(course__id=pk).first()
        if not course_detail_obj:
            return Response({"code": 1001, "error": "查詢的課程詳情不存在"})
        # 序列化課程詳情
        ser_obj = CourseDetailSerializer(course_detail_obj)
        # 返回
        return Response(ser_obj.data)


class CourseChapterView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, pk):
        # ["第一章": {課時一， 課時二}]
        queryset = models.CourseChapter.objects.filter(course_id=pk).all().order_by("chapter")
        # 序列化章節對象
        ser_obj = CourseChapterSerializer(queryset, many=True)
        # 返回
        return Response(ser_obj.data)


class CourseCommentView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, pk):
        # 經過課程id找到課程全部的評論
        queryset = models.Course.objects.filter(id=pk).first().course_comments.all()
        # 序列化
        ser_obj = CourseCommentSerializer(queryset, many=True)
        # 返回
        return Response(ser_obj.data)


class QuestionView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, pk):
        queryset = models.Course.objects.filter(id=pk).first().often_ask_questions.all()
        ser_obj = QuestionSerializer(queryset, many=True)
        return Response(ser_obj.data)
Course/views.py 
class CourseCategoryView(generics.ListAPIView):
    queryset = Category.objects.all()
    serializer_class = CourseCategorySerializer
    """課程分類接口"""

    # def get(self, request):
    #     queryset = Category.objects.all()
    #     ser_obj = CourseCategorySerializer(queryset, many=True)
    #     return Response(ser_obj.data)


class CourseChapterView(generics.RetrieveAPIView):
    queryset = CourseChapter.objects.all()
    serializer_class = CourseChapterSerializer
    # 指定過濾的類 用排序的過濾類
    filter_backends = (filters.OrderingFilter,)
    # 排序的字段
    ordering = ("chapter",)

    # def get(self, request, pk):
    #     # 首先咱們要清楚數據結構
    #     # 咱們要的是[章節一：{課時，課時2}]
    #     queryset = CourseChapter.objects.filter(course_id=pk).order_by("chapter")
    #     ser_obj = CourseChapterSerializer(queryset, many=True)
    #     return Response(ser_obj.data)

升級版視圖的示例
Course/views.py 優化

 

Django的MEDIA配置

# settings.py

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
# Media配置
MEDIA_URL = "media/"
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "media")

 

# urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin
from django.views.static import serve
from new_luffy import settings
# media路徑配置
re_path('media/(?P<path>.*)', serve, {'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT})

 

上傳的圖片，數據庫存的是路徑地址，前端向後端的media路徑發送請求。

線上環境時能夠將 MEDIA_ROOT 存放到nginx的靜態資源文件夾下面

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