和<%@include%>的區別

時間 2019-11-08

標籤 include% include 區別简体版

原文原文鏈接

<%@include%>和<jsp:include>的區別，發現了一些東西的。 html

<%@include%>：頁面請求以前預編譯，全部代碼包含進來以後，一塊兒進行處理，把全部代碼合在一塊兒，編譯成一個servlet java

<jsp:include>：全部代碼分別處理，在頁面被請求的時候才編譯，被編譯成多個servlet，頁面語法相對獨立，處理完成以後再將代碼的顯示結果（處理結果）組合進來。 apache

JSP中的兩種包含頁面的方法
第一種：include指令：當JSP轉換成Servlet時引入指定文件 jsp

<%@ pagecontentType="text/html;charset=GB2312" language="java"errorPage=""%>
<%@ include file="head.jsp"%>
<%@ include file="body.jsp"%>
<%@ include file="tail.jsp"%>
第二種：<jsp:include>動做元素：當JSP頁面被請求時引入指定文件
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=GB2312"language="java" errorPage=""%>
<jsp:include page="head.jsp"/>
<jsp:include page="body.jsp"/>
<jsp:include page="tail.jsp"/>
第二種方法能夠很方便的用<jsp:param>來向所包含頁傳遞參數，方法以下：
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=GB2312"language="java" errorPage=""%>
<jsp:include page="head.jsp"/>
<jsp:includepage="body.jsp">
<jsp:param name="uid"value="username"/>
<jsp:param name="pwd"value="password"/>
</jsp:include>
<jsp:includepage="tail.jsp"/> ui

<jsp:include> ：動態包含 spa

第一種狀況（<jsp:include>包含的是html文件）： .net

DynamicInclude.jsp: code

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%> <html> <head> <title>動態包含</title> </head> <bodystyle="background-color:lightblue"> <jsp:include page="header.html"flush="true"/><!--動態包含--> <tableborder="1" align="center"> <tr> <td>姓名</td><td>性別</td><td>年齡</td><td>愛好</td> </tr> <tr> <td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>

Header.html ： htm

<h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center"> 動態包含的標題(HTML) </h2>

運行以後，只生成一個servlet，和上面的代碼對應以下： get

out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("<html>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<head>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<title>動態包含</title>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</head>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<bodystyle=\"background-color:lightblue\">\r\n");
     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t");
     <span style="color:#ff0000;">org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspRuntimeLibrary.include(request,response, "header.html", out, true);</span>
     out.write("<!--動態包含-->\r\n");
     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<table border=\"1\"align=\"center\">\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>姓名</td><td>性別</td><td>年齡</td><td>愛好</td>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t</table>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
     out.write("</html>");

第二種狀況（<jsp:include>包含的是jsp文件）：

DynamicInclude.jsp:

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%> <html> <head> <title>動態包含</title> </head> <bodystyle="background-color:lightblue"> <jsp:include page="header.jsp"flush="true"/><!--動態包含--> <tableborder="1" align="center"> <tr> <td>姓名</td><td>性別</td><td>年齡</td><td>愛好</td> </tr> <tr> <td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>

Header.jsp ：

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%> <html> <body> <h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center"> 動態包含的標題(JSP) </h2> </body> </html>

運行以後，生成了兩個servlet：DynamicInclude_jsp.java和header_jsp.java，這也是爲何 Header.jsp中要寫上<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%>和完整的<html></html>和<body></body>，而Header.html不用寫的緣由。由於前者兩個.jsp文件是兩個相互獨立的總體，它們之間的關係是經過request和reponse來發生的，然後者只是簡單的嵌套。兩個servlet對應的代碼以下：

DynamicInclude_jsp.java：

out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("<html>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<head>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<title>動態包含</title>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</head>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<bodystyle=\"background-color:lightblue\">\r\n");
     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t");
     <span style="color:#ff0000;">org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspRuntimeLibrary.include(request,response, "header.jsp", out, true);</span>
     out.write("<!--動態包含-->\r\n");
     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<table border=\"1\"align=\"center\">\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>姓名</td><td>性別</td><td>年齡</td><td>愛好</td>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t</table>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
     out.write("</html>");

header_jsp.java:

out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("<html>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<body>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<h2 style=\"font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center\">\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t動態包含的標題(JSP)\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t</h2>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
     out.write("</html>");

<%@include%>：靜態包含

第一種狀況：<%@include%>包含的是jsp文件。

StaticInclude.jsp:

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%> <html> <head> <title>靜態包含</title> </head> <bodystyle="background-color:lightblue"> <%@include file="header.jsp"%><!--靜態包含--> <tableborder="1" align="center"> <tr> <td>姓名</td><td>性別</td><td>年齡</td><td>愛好</td> </tr> <tr> <td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>

header.jsp:

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%> <h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center"> 靜態包含的標題(JSP) </h2>

運行以後，只生成一個servlet，和上面的代碼對應以下：

out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("<html>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<head>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<title>靜態包含</title>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</head>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<body style=\"background-color:lightblue\">\r\n");
     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t");
     out.write("\r\n");
     <span style="color:#ff0000;">out.write("<h2style=\"font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center\">\r\n");
     out.write("\t靜態包含的標題(JSP)\r\n");
     out.write("</h2>");</span>
     out.write("<!--靜態包含-->\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<table border=\"1\"align=\"center\">\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>姓名</td><td>性別</td><td>年齡</td><td>愛好</td>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
      out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t</table>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
     out.write("</html>");

第二種狀況：<%@include%>包含的是html文件。

StaticInclude.jsp:

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%> <html> <head> <title>靜態包含</title> </head> <bodystyle="background-color:lightblue"> <%@include file="header.html"%><!--靜態包含--> <tableborder="1" align="center"> <tr> <td>姓名</td><td>性別</td><td>年齡</td><td>愛好</td> </tr> <tr> <td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>

header.html:

<%@pagecontentType="text/html;charset=gb2312"%> <h2style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center"> 靜態包含的標題(HTML) </h2>

運行以後，也是隻生成一個servlet，和上面的代碼對應以下：

out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("<html>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<head>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<title>靜態包含</title>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</head>\r\n");
     out.write("\t<bodystyle=\"background-color:lightblue\">\r\n");
     out.write("\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t");
     out.write("\r\n");
     <span style="color:#ff0000;">out.write("<h2style=\"font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:25px;text-align:center\">\r\n");
     out.write("\t靜態包含的標題(HTML)\r\n");
     out.write("</h2>");</span>
     out.write("<!--靜態包含-->\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t<table border=\"1\"align=\"center\">\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>姓名</td><td>性別</td><td>年齡</td><td>愛好</td>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t<tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t\t<td>a</td><td>b</td><td>c</td><td>d</td>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t\t</tr>\r\n");
     out.write("\t\t</table>\r\n");
     out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
     out.write("</html>");

由上能夠總結出：

對於靜態包含，<%@include%>，中包含的文件，只是簡單的嵌入到主文件中，就是在jsp頁面轉化成Servlet時才嵌入到主文件中，由於運行的結果是隻生成了一個Servlet。

而對於動態包含<jsp:incude>，若是被包含文件是動態的，那麼就會生成兩個Servlet，也就是被包含文件也要通過jsp引擎編譯執行生成一個Servlet，兩個Servlet經過request和reponse進行通訊。若是被包含的文件是靜態的，那麼這種狀況和<%@include>就很類似，只生成了一個Servlet，可是他們之間沒有進行簡單的嵌入，而依然是經過request和reponse進行的通訊。

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