雖然Java中已經有了Dom和Sax這兩種標準解析方式java
但其操做起來並不輕鬆,對於我這麼一個初學者來講,其中部分代碼是活生生的噁心dom
爲此,偉大的第三方開發組開發出了Jdom和Dom4j等工具ide
鑑於目前的趨勢,咱們這裏來說講Dom4j的基本用法,不涉及遞歸等複雜操做函數
Dom4j的用法不少,官網上的示例有那麼點兒晦澀,這裏就不寫了工具
首先咱們須要出建立一個xml文檔,而後才能對其解析編碼
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <books> <book id="001"> <title>Harry Potter</title> <author>J K. Rowling</author> </book> <book id="002"> <title>Learning XML</title> <author>Erik T. Ray</author> </book> </books>
1、使用list方式解析XMLorm
import java.io.File; import java.util.List; import org.dom4j.Attribute; import org.dom4j.Document; import org.dom4j.Element; import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader; public class Demo { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { SAXReader reader = new SAXReader(); File file = new File("books.xml"); Document document = reader.read(file); Element root = document.getRootElement(); List<Element> childElements = root.elements(); for (Element child : childElements) { //未知屬性名狀況下 /*List<Attribute> attributeList = child.attributes(); for (Attribute attr : attributeList) { System.out.println(attr.getName() + ": " + attr.getValue()); }*/ //已知屬性名狀況下 System.out.println("id: " + child.attributeValue("id")); //未知子元素名狀況下 /*List<Element> elementList = child.elements(); for (Element ele : elementList) { System.out.println(ele.getName() + ": " + ele.getText()); } System.out.println();*/ //已知子元素名的狀況下 System.out.println("title" + child.elementText("title")); System.out.println("author" + child.elementText("author")); //這行是爲了格式化美觀而存在 System.out.println(); } } }
2、使用iterate迭代器解析xmlxml
import java.io.File; import java.util.Iterator; import org.dom4j.Attribute; import org.dom4j.Document; import org.dom4j.Element; import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader; public class Demo { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { SAXReader reader = new SAXReader(); Document document = reader.read(new File("books.xml")); Element root = document.getRootElement(); Iterator it = root.elementIterator(); while (it.hasNext()) { Element element = (Element) it.next(); //未知屬性名稱狀況下 /*Iterator attrIt = element.attributeIterator(); while (attrIt.hasNext()) { Attribute a = (Attribute) attrIt.next(); System.out.println(a.getValue()); }*/ //已知屬性名稱狀況下 System.out.println("id: " + element.attributeValue("id")); //未知元素名狀況下 /*Iterator eleIt = element.elementIterator(); while (eleIt.hasNext()) { Element e = (Element) eleIt.next(); System.out.println(e.getName() + ": " + e.getText()); } System.out.println();*/ //已知元素名狀況下 System.out.println("title: " + element.elementText("title")); System.out.println("author: " + element.elementText("author")); System.out.println(); } } }
3、使用保存到文件的方式解析xml對象
import java.io.File;遞歸
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Document doc = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
//增長根節點
Element books = doc.addElement("books");
//增長子元素
Element book1 = books.addElement("book");
Element title1 = book1.addElement("title");
Element author1 = book1.addElement("author");
Element book2 = books.addElement("book");
Element title2 = book2.addElement("title");
Element author2 = book2.addElement("author");
//爲子節點添加屬性
book1.addAttribute("id", "001");
//爲元素添加內容
title1.setText("Harry Potter");
author1.setText("J K. Rowling");
book2.addAttribute("id", "002");
title2.setText("Learning XML");
author2.setText("Erik T. Ray");
//實例化輸出格式對象
OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
//設置輸出編碼
format.setEncoding("UTF-8");
//建立須要寫入的File對象
File file = new File("D:" + File.separator + "books.xml");
//生成XMLWriter對象,構造函數中的參數爲須要輸出的文件流和格式
XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream(file), format);
//開始寫入,write方法中包含上面建立的Document對象
writer.write(doc);
}
}