CentOS 搭建SVN並用鉤子自動實現同步到web目錄教程

前言

筆者服務器環境、目錄狀況：

系統：CentOS 6.5

網站根目錄：/home/wwwroot/test/web

爲何要用svn？

a.方便多人協做，查當作員工做內容和工做量。

b.即使是獨自一人開發項目，也很是方便代碼的部署（Sublime, Zend Studio都有svn的常見，配合快捷鍵，提交代碼很是簡單），同時能夠找回歷史版本的文件。

1.安裝

yum install subversion

2.檢查是否安裝成功

svnserve –version

3.建立倉庫目錄

mkdir –p /home/svn/test

4.建立項目

svnadmin create /home/svn/test

5.檢查是否建立成功

cd /home/svn/test
ll

若是成功，test目錄下會多出幾個文件夾

6.進入conf目錄會看到3個配置文件，生成的文件中都有英文註釋說明

authz:用戶權限配置

### This file is an example authorization file for svnserve.
### Its format is identical to that of mod_authz_svn authorization
### files.
### As shown below each section defines authorizations for the path and
### (optional) repository specified by the section name.
### The authorizations follow. An authorization line can refer to:
###  - a single user,
###  - a group of users defined in a special [groups] section,
###  - an alias defined in a special [aliases] section,
###  - all authenticated users, using the '$authenticated' token,
###  - only anonymous users, using the '$anonymous' token,
###  - anyone, using the '*' wildcard.
###
### A match can be inverted by prefixing the rule with '~'. Rules can
### grant read ('r') access, read-write ('rw') access, or no access
### ('').

[aliases]
# joe = /C=XZ/ST=Dessert/L=Snake City/O=Snake Oil, Ltd./OU=Research Institute/CN=Joe Average

[groups]
# harry_and_sally = harry,sally
# harry_sally_and_joe = harry,sally,&joe
[/]
testusername = rw

# [/foo/bar]
# harry = rw
# &joe = r
# * =

# [repository:/baz/fuz]
# @harry_and_sally = rw
# * = r

passwd:用戶密碼

### This file is an example password file for svnserve.
### Its format is similar to that of svnserve.conf. As shown in the
### example below it contains one section labelled [users].
### The name and password for each user follow, one account per line.

[users]
# harry = harryssecret
# sally = sallyssecret
testusername =123456

svnserve.conf:

### This file controls the configuration of the svnserve daemon, if you
### use it to allow access to this repository.  (If you only allow
### access through http: and/or file: URLs, then this file is
### irrelevant.)

### Visit http://subversion.tigris.org/ for more information.

[general]
### These options control access to the repository for unauthenticated
### and authenticated users.  Valid values are "write", "read",
### and "none".  The sample settings below are the defaults.
anon-access = read
auth-access = write
### The password-db option controls the location of the password
### database file.  Unless you specify a path starting with a /,
### the file's location is relative to the directory containing
### this configuration file.
### If SASL is enabled (see below), this file will NOT be used.
### Uncomment the line below to use the default password file.
password-db = passwd
### The authz-db option controls the location of the authorization
### rules for path-based access control.  Unless you specify a path
### starting with a /, the file's location is relative to the the
### directory containing this file.  If you don't specify an
### authz-db, no path-based access control is done.
### Uncomment the line below to use the default authorization file.
authz-db = authz
### This option specifies the authentication realm of the repository.
### If two repositories have the same authentication realm, they should
### have the same password database, and vice versa.  The default realm
### is repository's uuid.
realm = /home/svn/test

[sasl]
### This option specifies whether you want to use the Cyrus SASL
### library for authentication. Default is false.
### This section will be ignored if svnserve is not built with Cyrus
### SASL support; to check, run 'svnserve --version' and look for a line
### reading 'Cyrus SASL authentication is available.'
# use-sasl = true
### These options specify the desired strength of the security layer
### that you want SASL to provide. 0 means no encryption, 1 means
### integrity-checking only, values larger than 1 are correlated
### to the effective key length for encryption (e.g. 128 means 128-bit

7.啓動SVN服務

svnserve -d -r /home/svn

注意：不是svnserve -d -r /home/svn/test

8.在本機安裝TortoiseSVN

輸入svn://你的ip地址/test

若是彈出輸入帳號密碼的對話框，表示上述設置正確。

9.Svn commit後自動同步到網站根目錄的方法

爲何須要同步呢？緣由是咱們commit的文件實際上是提交到了svn的倉庫中，svn倉庫不是一個實際的網站根目錄。流程以下：本地文件commit到倉庫->倉庫同步到根目錄，能夠把倉庫理解爲一箇中轉站。進入到項目下的hooks文件夾

cd /home/svn/test/hooks

把post-commit.tmpl的擴展名去掉，並賦予777權限。而後vim post-commit寫入以下內容。

#!/bin/sh

export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
svn co svn://你的ip/test /home/wwwroot/test/web

# POST-COMMIT HOOK

# The post-commit hook is invoked after a commit.  Subversion runs
# this hook by invoking a program (script, executable, binary, etc.)
# named 'post-commit' (for which this file is a template) with the
# following ordered arguments:
#
#   [1] REPOS-PATH   (the path to this repository)
#   [2] REV          (the number of the revision just committed)
#
# The default working directory for the invocation is undefined, so
# the program should set one explicitly if it cares.
#
# Because the commit has already completed and cannot be undone,
# the exit code of the hook program is ignored.  The hook program
# can use the 'svnlook' utility to help it examine the
# newly-committed tree.
#
# On a Unix system, the normal procedure is to have 'post-commit'
# invoke other programs to do the real work, though it may do the
# work itself too.
#
# Note that 'post-commit' must be executable by the user(s) who will
# invoke it (typically the user httpd runs as), and that user must
# have filesystem-level permission to access the repository.
#
# On a Windows system, you should name the hook program
# 'post-commit.bat' or 'post-commit.exe',
# but the basic idea is the same.
#
# The hook program typically does not inherit the environment of
# its parent process.  For example, a common problem is for the
# PATH environment variable to not be set to its usual value, so
# that subprograms fail to launch unless invoked via absolute path.
# If you're having unexpected problems with a hook program, the
# culprit may be unusual (or missing) environment variables.
#
# Here is an example hook script, for a Unix /bin/sh interpreter.
# For more examples and pre-written hooks, see those in

重要步驟：而後cd /回到根目錄，執行如下語句，這一步的做用是讓服務器記憶你svn的帳號密碼，防止出現權限等問題，首先讓你輸入你服務器的密碼，接着輸入svn的帳號密碼，其中會問你是否記憶，輸入yes。

svn co svn://你的ip/test /home/wwwroot/test/web

至此svn已經配置完畢，而且能夠實現本地一執行上傳，自動同步到網站跟目錄。