java架構之路（Sharding JDBC）mysql5.7yum安裝和主從

安裝mysql5.7單機

1.獲取安裝yum包

[root@iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z local]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

 你能夠下載到你的本地，而後上傳到linux某目錄下

2.安裝軟件源，在其目錄下輸入

[root@iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z local]# rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm 

3.安裝mysql服務端

[root@iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z local]# yum install -y mysql-community-server

4.啓動mysql

[root@iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z local]# service mysqld start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service

5.查看mysql運行狀態

[root@iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z local]# service mysqld status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sun 2019-11-24 14:45:59 CST; 20s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 14787 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 14667 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 14791 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─14791 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Nov 24 14:45:55 iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Nov 24 14:45:59 iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

 6.初始化密碼

[root@iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z local]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2019-11-24T06:45:56.831037Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: -cTy=VNwI7!H
[root@iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z local]# 

每一個人都不同，別複製個人。輸入mysql -uroot -p，而後輸入你的密碼進入

[root@iZm5e7sz135n16ua2rmbk6Z local]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:  -cTy=VNwI7!H
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.28

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '%liX9-k<Gwa1';//因爲5.7有策略限制，咱們先隨便改一個複雜的密碼。
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';//查看密碼策略 +--------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name                        | Value  |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| validate_password_check_user_name    | OFF    |
| validate_password_dictionary_file    |        |
| validate_password_length             | 8      |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count   | 1      |
| validate_password_number_count       | 1      |
| validate_password_policy             | MEDIUM |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1      |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=LOW;//修改限制策略
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;//修改密碼長度
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';//修改一個簡單的密碼(練習方便,實際不建議這樣作)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> update mysql.user set host = '%' where user = 'root';//容許遠程訪問DB
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;//刷新權限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

到這裏就能夠了,反正我是按照上面的代碼複製粘貼徹底能夠成功,不知道大家能夠嗎?

mysql的主從配置

 　　這裏我給你們搭建一個簡單的主從(從)配置,就是說一個主節點對應一個從節點,那個從節點下還有一個從節點.

 1.準備三臺服務器,分別安裝一下mysql,按照上面的按照就能夠的.

 2.編輯master配置文件

[root@iZm5eitsswnra4j66dzb9nZ ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/data/binlog/mysql_bin #打開Mysql日誌，日誌格式爲二進制 mysq_bin結尾是固定的別改，前面是路徑
server-id=1 #[必須]服務器惟一ID，默認是1
sync-binlog=1 #每次執行寫入就與硬盤同步
binlog-do-db=xiaocaijishu #須要同步的二進制數據庫名 
expire-logs-days=7 #只保留7天的二進制日誌，以防磁盤被日誌佔滿
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema #不備份的數據庫
binlog-ignore-db=performation_schema #不備份的數據庫
binlog-ignore-db=sys #不備份的數據庫

　　重啓mysql-master，可能會啓動失敗，是因爲mysql的binlog的用戶組不對，再來改一下用戶組，以咱們的/usr/local/mysql/data/binlog爲例

[root@iZbp1hvg9qhaf4c75o2k58Z binlog]# chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/data/binlog/

[root@iZbp1hvg9qhaf4c75o2k58Z binlog]# chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/data/binlog/

 3.設置一個同步帳號

mysql> CREATE USER 'xiaocaijishu'@'47.105.%.%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; // 設置帳號xiaocaijishu用於47.105等IP地址的mysql同步,你能夠直接寫%全匹配
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to xiaocaijishu@'47.105.%.%' identified by 'root';//賦予權限
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; //刷新權限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

4.設置slave節點配置文件

server-id=2 #[必須]服務器惟一ID，默認是1
relay_log = /usr/local/mysql/data/binlog/mysql_relay_bin # 開啓中繼日誌
read_only = 1               #設置只讀權限
log_bin=/usr/local/mysql/data/binlog/mysql_bin # 開啓binlog，若是沒有下級節點無須開啓。
log_slave_updates = 1       #使得更新的數據寫進二進制日誌中 
replicate-rewrite-db = xiaocaijishu -> xiaocai # 從主節點的xiaocaijishu庫寫入到從節點的xiaocai庫
# replicate-wild-do-table 指定須要同步的表。

 5.查找主節點日誌

mysql>  show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB                           | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------+-------------------+
| mysql_bin.000001 |     1349 | xiaocaijishu | information_schema,performation_schema,sys |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

 6.建立主從鏈接

　　首先咱們進入進入mysql客戶端，而後輸入

mysql> change master to master_host='121.41.60.188',master_user='xiaocaijishu',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql_bin.000001',master_log_pos=1349;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)

意思是master_host=「咱們的主節點IP」，master_user=「剛纔建立的主節點用戶」，master_password=「帳戶密碼」，master_log_file=「須要從哪一個二進制binlog複製」，master_log_pos=「對應主節點的Position」

如遇報錯請先輸入

mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

而後輸入start slave開啓線程

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

輸入SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G檢查線程是否建立成功

 若是看到上面的那個Yes，就說明主從搭建完成了，若是下面還有搭建從節點，開啓binlog，和上面一個道理。

 若是遇到

Last_Errno: 1051                    
Last_Error: Error 'Unknown table 'xiaocai.student'' on query. Default database: 'xiaocai'. Query: 'DROP TABLE `student` /* generated by server */'

　能夠嘗試下面的解決方式來處理。

mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> set GLOBAL SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)