Learn In 2016 | 2016最值得學的框架與語言

時間 2019-11-20

標籤 learn 最值框架語言简体版

原文原文鏈接

原文：linkjavascript

The Trends |趨勢

Shift from the backend to the frontend | 後臺轉前端php

Quick browsers releases | Edge發佈css

The death of Flash |Flash之死html

Languages and Platforms | 語言與平臺

Python 3.5 was released this year with a lot of new features like Asyncio, which gives you a node.js-like event loop, and type hints. As a whole Python 3 is finally gaining popularity and we heavily recommend it over the older Python 2. Nearly all libraries are available for Python 3 and now is a good time to upgrade your legacy code base.前端

| Python 3.5 帶着不少新功能來了（如Asyncio），提供了相似node-js的事件循環和類型提示。Python3.5和Python 3終於開始流行，這裏強烈推薦替換掉舊的Python 2。Python 3.5支持全部Python 3的庫，如今正是升級代碼的好時機。vue

PHP 7 is a major new version that fixes a number of issues and brings new features and speed (see an overview here). PHP 7 is around twice as fast as PHP 5.6, which will have a big impact on large codebases and CMS systems like WordPress and Drupal. We recommend PHP The Right Way, which was updated for version 7. And if you need even more speed and don’t mind switching to an alternative runtime, check out HHVM, which Facebook uses and develops to run their website.java

| PHP 7 修復了不少bug並帶來了全新的性能（概述）。PHP7幾乎是PHP 5.6的兩倍快，在大型代碼庫中以及 WordPress、 Drupal等CMS上會有明顯效果。PHP The Right Way,，php之道，這裏是個學習PHP7比較好的站點。node

JavaScript also saw updates in the form of the ES2015 standard (used to be known as ES6). It brings us exciting new features and additions to the language. Thanks to most browsers adopting quick release schedules, support for ES2015 is great, and there is Babel.js which will help you bring your code to older browsers.python

| JavaScript 也在ES2015標準下（一般被稱爲ES6）爲咱們帶來了使人激動的新功能。大多數瀏覽器的支持很快，也能夠使用Babel.js讓代碼運行在版本低的瀏覽器上。react

Node.js saw a lot of changes this year, with the community splitting between Node.js and io.js, and then joining forces again. As a result we now have an actively maintained project with lots of contributors and two versions of Node – a solid LTS (long term support) release, which gives stability for long lived projects and large companies, and a non-lts version which is quick to add new JavaScript features.

| Node.js 也有很是多的變化：Node.js和io.js的分裂、聯合。所以也有了許多積極貢獻者和兩個版本的Node---1.較爲穩定的LTS發行版，適合長週期項目和大公司；2.non-lts版本，發行很快有JS最新的功能。

Swift 2 was released earlier this year. This is Apple’s vision for a modern programming language that eases the development of apps on iOS and OS X. As of a few weeks ago, Swift is open source and has already been ported on Linux. This means that it is now possible to build backends and server side software with it.

| Swift 2 在早些時候發佈了。幾周前Swift 2開源而且已經能夠移植到Linux，這意味着能夠用它創建後臺及服務端。

Go 1.5 was released a few months ago, and brough major architectural changes. In 2015 it has grown in popularity and has been adopted in leading startups and open source projects. The language itself is relatively simple, so learning it will be a weekend well spent.

| Go 1.5 在幾個月前發佈了，有重大結構變化。Go 1.5 在2015年逐漸流行起來，而且已經被主流的創業公司和開源項目使用。這個語言相對簡單，weekend well spent。

TypeScript is a staticly typed language which compiles to JavaScript. It is developed by Microsoft and has perfect integration with Visual Studio and the open source Visual Studio Code editors. It will soon be quite popular, as the upcoming Angular 2 is written in it. Static typing benefits large teams and large code bases the most, so if one of these applies to you, or you are just curious, you should give TypeScript a try.

For the adventurous, you can try out one the functional languages like Haskell or Clojure. There are also interesting high performance languages like Rust and Elixir. If you are looking for a programming job, career languages like Java (which has some nice features in its 8th version) and C# (which thanks to Visual Studio Code and .net core can be run and developed cross platform) would be a good investment of your time in 2016.

Learn one or more of these: Python 3, Go, PHP 7, ES2015, Node.js, Swift, TypeScript

JavaScript Frameworks | JS框架

Frontend | 前端

Backend | 後端

A full stack backend framework

For PHP you have Symfony, Zend, Laravel (andLumen, its new lightweight alternative for APIs), Slim and more. For Python – Django and Flask. For Ruby – Rails andSinatra. For Java – Play and Spark. For Node.js you have Express, Hapi and Sails.js, and for Go you have Revel.